侵彻战斗部-引信宽频域加载特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0736

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示侵彻过程中战斗部对引信边界载荷的影响规律,建立战斗部动力学模型和有限元模型。通过有限元差分法计算和数值模拟分析战斗部在不同频率半正弦信号激励下对引信的瞬态加载特性,并采用数值模拟和打靶试验研究弹靶作用时弹体和引信体的过载时域响应特性,通过冲击响应谱数值计算得到引信过载在频域范围的响应放大倍数。研究结果表明:侵彻战斗部在宽频域范围具有明显的轴向振动放大特性。引信过载频响特性与谐响应分析结果表明,侵彻战斗部在宽频域范围轴向振动放大特性的根本原因是战斗部1阶或多阶轴向振动固有频率的谐振,为指导弹载产品的抗高过载优化设计提供了依据。

关键词: 侵彻战斗部, 侵彻引信, 宽频域, 载荷特性

Abstract:

A dynamic model and a finite element model of warhead are established to reveal the influence of warhead on the boundary load of fuse during penetrating. The transient loading characteristics of warhead on the fuze under the excitation of semi-sinusoidal signals with different frequencies are analyzed by using the finite element difference method and numerical simulation. The time-domain response characteristics of projectile and fuze under the impact of projectile on a target are studied through numerical simulation. Furthermore, the amplification factor of fuze overload response in the frequency domain is calculated by useing the shock response spectrum value. The results indicate that the penetrating warhead exhibits significant axial vibration amplification characteristics in a wide frequency range. The analyzed results of the overload frequency response characteristics and harmonic response of fuze indicate that the fundamental reason for the axial vibration amplification characteristics of penetrating warhead in a wide frequency range is the resonance of natural frequency of the first-order or multi-order axial vibration of warhead, which provides a basis for guiding the optimization design of high overload resistance of missile-borne products.

Key words: penetrating warhead, fuze, broadband domain, load characteristic

中图分类号:

O385

赵慧, 程祥利, 刘军, 刘波, 吴学星. 侵彻战斗部-引信宽频域加载特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(10): 3696-3705.

ZHAO Hui, CHENG Xiangli, LIU Jun, LIU Bo, WU Xuexing. Analysis of Loading Characteristics of Penetrating Warhead on Fuze in Wide Frequency Domain[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(10): 3696-3705.

图/表 24

图1 侵彻战斗部示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of penetrating warhead

图2 一维圆柱杆受冲击载荷示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of 1D cylindrical rod subjected to impact load

表1 战斗部参数

Table 1 Parameters of warhead

类型	弹径/m	弹长/m	长径比	弹头系数
小型战斗部	0.18	1.05	5.83	2.2
大型战斗部	0.41	2.56	6.24	2.6

图3 引信位置瞬态过载

Fig.3 Transient acceleration of fuze

图4 引信位置瞬态过载峰值-加载频率

Fig.4 Transient acceleration peak value of fuze varying with loading frequency

图5 引信位置瞬态过载频谱

Fig.5 Frequency spectrum for transient acceleration

表2 战斗部材料参数

Table 2 Material parameters for projectile simulation

组件	密度/(kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比
壳体	7750	210	0.31
主装药	1680	6.0	0.38
后端盖	4500	110	0.34
引信	4500	110	0.34

图6 小型战斗部有限元模型

Fig.6 Finite element model of small-scaled warhead

图7 引信瞬态加速度过载

Fig.7 Transient acceleration of fuze

图8 引信瞬态过载峰值-加载频率

Fig.8 Transient acceleration peak value of fuze varying with loading frequency

图9 战斗部瞬态响应过载频谱分析结果

Fig.9 Frequency spectrum for transient acceleration of warhead

图10 弹靶有限元模型

Fig.10 Finite element model of projectile and target

表3 战斗部模型的主要参数

Table 3 Main parameters ofwarhead model

材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	屈服强度/ MPa	泊松比	弹性模量/ GPa
弹体	7.85	1590	0.28	210
装药	1.84	16.2	0.38	3.05
后端盖	4.50	825	0.34	110
引信	4.50	825	0.34	110

表4 钢筋混凝土HJC模型参数

Table 4 HJC model parameters of concrete

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	2440	SF_max	7
G/GPa	14.86	p_c/GPa	0.016
A	0.79	μ_c	0.001
B	1.6	p_L/GPa	0.8
C	0.007	μ_L	0.1
N	0.61	D₁	0.04
f_c/GPa	0.048	D₂	1
T/GPa	0.004	K₁/GPa	85
EP_s0/s^-1	1	K₂/GPa	-171
EF_min	0.01	K₃/GPa	208

图11 小型战斗部和引信整体过载

Fig.11 Acceleration of small-scaled warhead and fuze

图12 大型战斗部和引信整体过载

Fig.12 Acceleration of full-scaled warhead and fuze

表5 过载峰值及放大倍数

Table 5 Acceleration peak value and magnification

战斗部	靶标	过载峰值/10⁴g		放大倍数
战斗部	靶标	弹体	引信	放大倍数
小型战斗部	2.5m厚靶	2.06	4.16	2.02
	5层建筑楼板	1.22	3.4	2.78
大型战斗部	2.5m厚靶	0.61	1.38	2.26
	5层建筑楼板	0.59	2.33	3.95

图13 引信过载频谱分析结果

Fig.13 Frequency spectrum analysis of fuze acceleration

图14 引信仿真过载数据冲击响应谱

Fig.14 Shock response spectrum of fuze simulation acceleration

图15 战斗部谐响应分析结果

Fig.15 Harmonic response analysis result of warhead

表6 引信位置过载频谱能量集中频段

Table 6 Frequency spectrum energy concentrated band of fuze accelerationHz

计算类型	大型战斗部	小型战斗部
谐响应分析	970	2400
瞬态响应理论计算	1000	2400
瞬态响应仿真分析	1000	2400
弹靶作用响应分析	1000	2462

图16 靶标布置

Fig.16 Layout of target

图17 引信实测加速度信号频谱曲线

Fig.17 Frequency spectrum of measured fuze acceleration

图18 引信实测过载冲击响应谱结果

Fig.18 Shock response spectrum of measured fuze acceleration

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