分散度对铝粉爆炸敏感性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为分析大粒径分布跨度下粒径分布对铝粉爆炸特性参数的影响，选出能够表征铝粉爆炸特性的粒径参数，提高铝粉爆炸风险评估的准确性，开展了铝粉爆炸敏感性研究。采用Siwek 20 L爆炸球和Hartmann管实验装置，分别探究分散度对微米级铝粉最小爆炸浓度（MEC）和最小点火能（MIE）的作用规律。结果表明：铝粉的爆炸敏感性参数随着粒径的增加而加速增大。对于小粒径的铝粉，粒径变化对MEC和MIE的作用相对较小；粒径跨度较大的混合铝粉样本中，小粒径铝粉起到点火源的作用，使得MEC和MIE值均降低，增大了铝粉爆炸风险。从皮尔逊相关性分析结果来看，粒径参数D_3,2（Sauter平均直径）、D₄₀（粒径第40百分位数）与MEC和MIE的相关性最高，其中D_3,2与MEC和MIE相关系数为0.962 7和0.746 0，D₄₀与MEC和MIE相关系数为0.947 9和0.741 1，而粒径多分散性和粒径跨度与MEC和MIE的相关性较弱，因此在研究铝粉爆炸敏感性时选用D_3,2和D₄₀作为主要的粒径分布表示方式较为合适。

关键词: 铝粉爆炸, 分散度, 最小点火能, 最小爆炸浓度, 皮尔逊相关系数

Abstract: In order to select the particle size parameters which can characterize the explosion characteristics of aluminum powder and improve the accuracy of aluminum powder explosion risk assessment, the influence of particle size distribution on the explosion characteristic parameters of aluminum powder under the span of large particle size distribution was analyzed, and the explosion sensitivity of aluminum powder was studied. The influence of dispersity on the minimum explosive concentration (MEC) and minimum ignition energy (MIE) of micron-sized aluminum powder was investigated by using Siwek 20 L vessel apparatus and Hartmann tube. The results show that the explosion sensitivity parameter of aluminum powder accelerates with the increase in particle size. When the particle size of aluminum powder is small, the influence of particle size change on MEC and MIE is relatively small; for the mixed aluminum powder sample with larger particle size span, the small particle size dust component acts as a potential ignition source, which reduces the MEC and MIE measurements and greatly increases the aluminum powder explosion risk. It can be seen from Pearson correlation analysis that the particle size parameters D_3,2 (Saucter mean diameter) and D₄₀ (40th percentile of particle size) have the highest correlation with MEC and MIE. The correlation coefficients of D_3,2 with MEC and MIE are 0.962 7 and 0.746 0, and the correlation coefficients of D₄₀ with MEC and MIE are 0.947 9 and 0.741 1. In contrast, the size polydispersity (σ_D) and particle size span (PSS) have weak correlation with MEC and MIE. Therefore, it is more appropriate to choose D_3,2 and D₄₀ as the main expression of particle size distribution in the study of aluminum powder explosion sensitivity.

Key words: aluminumpowderexplosion, dispersity, minimumignitionenergy, minimumexplosiveconcentration, Pearsoncorrelationcoefficient

中图分类号:

X932

张江石，刘建华. 分散度对铝粉爆炸敏感性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(5): 979-986.

ZHANG Jiangshi， LIU Jianhua. Effect of Dispersity on Explosion Sensitivity of Aluminum Powder[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(5): 979-986.

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