旋转磁偶极子式超低频发射天线辐射特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.10.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超低频电磁波（30~300 Hz）在水和土壤中的路径损耗较小，因此在海底、矿井应急、地震预报及军事等领域具有不可替代的作用。为实现小型化和低功耗的超低频机械天线，对运动磁偶极子辐射特性进行了研究。通过控制永磁体旋转产生交变磁场，辐射超低频电磁波;将旋转永磁体等效为其表面安培电流，依据法拉第电磁感应定律，结合安培电流模型，引入永磁体参数及被测距离建立辐射功率解析模型；分析实验研究影响因素与旋转永磁体辐射功率的关系，并利用二进制数字频率信号调制进行通信实验。结果表明：旋转永磁体在空间辐射功率与永磁体剩磁的平方、永磁体体积的3次方呈正比，与测试距离的4次方呈反比；通过对转速的实时控制，以及对信号进行时频域变换，实现了超低频通信。

关键词: 天线, 超低频电磁波, 磁偶极子, 旋转永磁体, 安培电流, 辐射功率

Abstract: Super-low frequency electromagnetic wave (30-300 Hz) has a small path loss in water and soil, so it plays an irreplaceable role in submarine, mine emergency, earthquake prediction and military fields. The radiation characteristics of moving magnetic dipoles were studied to realize the miniaturized and low-power comsumption ultralow frequency mechanical antenna. To explore the radiation characteristics of a moving magnetic dipole, an alternating magnetic field and super-low frequency electromagnetic waves are generated by controlling the rotation of permanent magnet. The rotating permanent magnet is equivalent to its surface ampere current. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the parameters of the permanent magnet and the measured distance are introduced to establish a radiation power analytical model based on the ampere current model. The relationship between the influencing factors and the radiated power of rotating permanent magnet is studied, and the binary digital frequency (2FSK) signal modulation is used for communication experiments. The experimental results show that the radiation power of rotating permanent magnet in space is proportional to the square of magnetic remanence of permanent magnet and the third power of its volume, and is inversely proportional to the fourth power of test distance; the super-low frequency communication is realized by real-time control of speed and time-frequency domain transformation of signal.

Key words: antenna, super-lowfrequencyelectromagneticwave, magneticdipole, rotatingpermanentmagnet, amperecurrent, radiantpower

中图分类号:

TN822⁺.1

王晓煜, 张雯厚, 周鑫, 曹振新, 全鑫. 旋转磁偶极子式超低频发射天线辐射特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(10): 2055-2062.

WANG Xiaoyu, ZHANG Wenhou, ZHOU Xin, CAO Zhenxin, QUAN Xin. Radiation Characteristics of Rotating Magnetic Dipole Super-low Frequency Transmitting Antenna[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(10): 2055-2062.

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