水下蒸汽涡轮发动机变工况热力特性数值分析研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.09.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究水下蒸汽涡轮发动机变工况热功转换规律，考虑了工质绝热指数随温度的变化以及喷嘴内气流摩擦、涡旋对工质的加热作用，建立了变工况汽轮机喷嘴、动叶栅以及涡轮级能量损失的计算模型，并据此编写仿真软件对变压力比和喷嘴入口温度变化时的涡轮机热力过程开展仿真研究。计算结果表明，计算模型能够较好反映汽轮机动态过程能量转换规律，验证了模型建立与仿真的正确性；对于研究机型，变压力比下喷嘴速度因数决定了涡轮机内效率及其轮周效率的变化规律，喷嘴出口工质实际速度大小决定了涡轮机有效功率及其轮周功的变化规律。文中模型可作为水下涡轮机优化设计与控制研究的基础模型。

关键词: 动力机械工程, 水下航行器, 汽轮机, 变工况, 热力特性, 数值分析

Abstract: To study thermal-power conversion law of underwater stream turbine in non-design condition, a calculation model of nozzle， turbine cascade and energy loss in turbine stage is established by considering adiabatic exponent variation along with temperature and heating effect of fluid friction and vortex losse. A thermal process simulation of an underwater stream turbine in the variation of temperature at nozzle entrance and pressure ratio is realized by use of the calculation program based on the established model. Results show that the simulation curves consist with thermal-power conversion law in non-design condition well, which validates the efficienceness of the model and simulation. For the studied engine, under changing pressure ratio, the velocity factor of nozzle determines the variation of inner efficiency of turbine engine and its wheel power, and the speed of nozzle exit working substance determines the variation of effective power of turbine engine and its wheel work. The proposed model can be seen as foundation for optimization design and control study of underwater turbine engine.

Key words: power machinery engineering, underwater vehicle, stream turbine, non-design condition, thermal characteristics, numerical analysis

中图分类号:

TJ630

张方方，张振山，梁伟阁，王郑力. 水下蒸汽涡轮发动机变工况热力特性数值分析研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(9): 1466-1472.

ZHANG Fang-fang， ZHANG Zhen-shan, LIANG Wei-ge，WANG Zheng-li. Numerical Analysis on Thermal Characteristics of Underwater Stream Turbine in Non-Design Condition[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(9): 1466-1472.

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