基于多项式Chirplet变换的线性调频引信干扰波形设计方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0870

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现代战场环境下线性调频引信干扰技术的迫切需求,提出多项式Chirplet变换的方法实现低信噪比下对调频连续波无线电引信的信号参数估计,并针对调频连续波引信重构了干扰信号。基于线性小波变换原理,选取适当的核函数,将无线电引信信号经过旋转与平移操作后进行短时傅里叶变换,再利用遗传算法求得变换核的最优参数,实现对调频连续波信号的参数估计,并重构干扰信号。仿真对比结果表明,该方法可以在较低信噪比下实现对调频连续波无线电引信信号载波频率、调制周期、最大频偏等参数进行精准估计,相较于周期调制类干扰,重构干扰信号能够以更低功率对调频引信产生较好的干扰效果。

关键词: 多项式Chirplet变换, 参数估计, 调频连续波, 参数化时频分析, 干扰重构

Abstract:

Aiming at the urgent needs of linear frequency-modulated fuze jamming technology in the modern battlefield environment, a method of polynomial Chirplet transform is proposed to estimate the signal parameters of frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radio fuze under low signal-to-noise ratio, and reconstruct the jamming signal for FMCW fuze. Based on the principle of linear wavelet transform, an appropriate kernel function is selected, the radio fuze signal is subjected to short-time Fourier transform after rotation and translation operations, and then the optimal parameters of transform kernel are obtained by genetic algorithm. The parameter estimation of FMCW signal is realized, and the jamming signal is reconstructed. The simulated results show that the proposed method can be used to accurately estimate the carrier frequency, modulation period and maximum frequency offset of FMCW radio fuze signal under a low signal-to-noise ratio, and the reconstructed jamming signal can produce a better jamming effect on FM fuze compared to the periodically modulated interference.

Key words: polynomial Chirplet transform, parameter estimation, frequency-modulated continuous wave, parametric time-frequency analysis, interference reconstruction

中图分类号:

TJ43⁺4.1

闫晓鹏, 张锦玉, 郝新红, 李剑锋, 代健. 基于多项式Chirplet变换的线性调频引信干扰波形设计方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(2): 504-515.

YAN Xiaopeng, ZHANG jinyu, HAO Xinhong, LI Jianfeng, DAI Jian. Design Method of Interference Waveform for the Frequency-modulated Continuous Wave Radio Fuze Based on Polynomial Chirplet Transform[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(2): 504-515.

图/表 14

图1 连续波调频体制无线电引信信号

Fig.1 Radio fuze signal of FMCW system

图2 LFM小波变换时频图

Fig.2 Time-frequency diagram of LFM wavelet transform

图3 多项式Chirplet变换时频分析原理

Fig.3 Time-frequency analysis principle of polynomial Chirplet transform

表1 干扰作用下调频引信收发相关信道的处理增益

Table 1 Processing gain of FM fuze transceiver correlation channels under interference effect

干扰样式	处理增益表达式
正弦调幅干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 4 a N 2$
方波调幅干扰	$(1 + m a 2) k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 4 a N 2 (1 + ∑ n (a J n m a) 2)$
正弦波调频干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 2 ∑ n, m (∑ n, m a J n a m) 2$
参数化重构干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 2 (N, τ) ¯$

表1 干扰作用下调频引信收发相关信道的处理增益

Table 1 Processing gain of FM fuze transceiver correlation channels under interference effect

干扰样式	处理增益表达式
正弦调幅干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 4 a N 2$
方波调幅干扰	$(1 + m a 2) k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 4 a N 2 (1 + ∑ n (a J n m a) 2)$
正弦波调频干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 2 ∑ n, m (∑ n, m a J n a m) 2$
参数化重构干扰	$k 2 (N, τ) ¯ 2 (N, τ) ¯$

图4 多项式Chirplet变换时频分析结果

Fig.4 Time-frequency analysis results of polynomial Chirplet transform

图5 生成信号的时频图

Fig.5 Time-frequency image of generated signal

图6 时频脊线的拟合图

Fig.6 Fitting image of time-frequency ridgeline

图7 3种方法不同SNR下调频信号参数估计平均误差结果

Fig.7 Average errors of FM signal parameter estimation of three different methods at different SNRs

图8 调频引信二次谐波检波波形

Fig.8 Second harmonic detection waveform of FM fuze

表2 不同干扰信号作用下引信输出信号与回波信号作用下信号的相关系数

Table 2 Similarity coefficient of fuze output signal and echo signal under the action of different jamming signals

调制类型	调制参数	相关系数
调频重构	重构间隔4μs	0.3526
正弦波调幅	调制频率10kHz	0.0417
	调制深度100%
方波调幅	调制频率10kHz	0.0417
	调制深度100%

表3 干扰信号作用下调频引信处理增益仿真结果

Table 3 Simulated results of processing gain of FM fuze under the action of jamming signal

干扰样式	干扰信号功率/W	处理增益理论值/dB	处理增益仿真值/dB
正弦调幅干扰	0.5	8.09	8.21
方波调幅干扰	0.5	9.7	9.68
正弦调频干扰	0.5	15.88	15.67
DRFM	0.5	0	0.03
参数化重构干扰	0.5	0	0.11

图9 调频重构干扰信号

Fig.9 FM reconstructed jamming signal

图10 重构干扰信号作用下引信启动

Fig.10 Fuze starting under the action of reconstructed jamming signal

图11 不同干扰信号作用下使引信启动最小干扰功率对比

Fig.11 Comparison of the minimum jamming powers to activate the fuze under the action of different jamming signals

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