热身管下小口径枪弹弹头壳材料对其膛内运动的影响规律

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0812

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对95-1式自动步枪多发射击过程中枪管温度过高、射弹散布变大的现象，以5.8 mm枪弹为研究对象，开展热身管下不同弹头壳材料对其膛内运动的影响规律研究，并通过射击试验进行验证。基于传热学基本原理，借助有限元手段建立多物理场耦合下弹头膛内运动模型。研究结果表明：常温时铜弹头壳弹头膛内摆角小于覆铜钢弹头壳弹头，增幅随身管温度升高明显；相同膛压条件下，铜弹头壳弹头出膛口速度低于覆铜钢弹头壳弹头，在射击30发和60发后，铜弹头壳弹头出膛口速度随着身管温度升高分别减小2.2 m/s、1.8 m/s，膛内运动时间增加2.6 μs、4.7 μs，覆铜钢弹头壳弹头出膛口速度分别降低0.7 m/s和增大1.4 m/s，膛内运动时间减小1.7 μs、 0.8 μs；所得研究成果可为轻武器弹药设计提供理论参考。

关键词: 弹头壳材料, 射击精度, 膛内运动, 热身管, 多物理场

Abstract: The barrel temperature of the 95-1 automatic rifle is too high and firing dispersion is high after multiple shots are fired. Using 5.8 mm bullet as the research object, an in-bore motion model under the coupling of multiple physical fields is established and verified by firing tests. Based on the basic principle of heat transfer, the influence of different bullet jacket materials on the motion in hot barrel is studied by the finite element method. The results show that, under room temperature, the in-bore swing angle of copper jacket bullets is smaller than that of copper clad steel ones. With the increase of barrel temperature, the in-bore swing angle of copper jacket bullet increases significantly. Under the same pressure, the muzzle velocity of copper jacket bullets is lower than that of copper clad steel ones. After firing 30 and 60 rounds, copper bullet muzzle velocity decreases by 2.2 m/s and 1.8 m/s, respectively. The in-bore motion time is increased by 2.6 μs and 4.7 μs with the increase of barrel temperature. After firing 30 and 60 rounds, the muzzle velocity of copper clad steel bullets decreases by 0.7 m/s and increases by 1.4 m/s, and the in-bore motion time decreases by 1.7 μs and 0.8 μs, respectively. The research results can provide theoretical reference for the design of small-caliber ammunition.

Key words: jacketmaterial, firingaccuracy, in-boremovement, hotbarrel, multi-physics

中图分类号:

TJ22

黄陈磊, 蒋明飞, 陈莉, 李忠新, 吴志林. 热身管下小口径枪弹弹头壳材料对其膛内运动的影响规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(9): 2241-2251.

HUANG Chenlei, JIANG Mingfei, CHEN Li, LI Zhongxin, WU Zhilin. Influence of the Material of Small-caliber Bullet Jacket on Its Motion in Hot Barrel[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(9): 2241-2251.

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