Table of Content

30 September 1993, Volume 14 Issue 3

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Paper

A General Dynamic Model for a Projectile in an Increasing Twist Rifled Bore

Rui Xiaoting, Xu Mingyou, Liu Yafei, et al

1993, 14(3):  1-5.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.001

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A general dynamic model and differential equations for an unsymmetrical projectile traveling in a flexible, increasing twist rifled bore gun tube are developed. The equations can be used for the study of any case of a projectile traveling in the bore, such as the cases when bourrelet is always in contact，not in contact，or impinging with the bore. The patterns for a projectile traveling in the ideal increasing twist bore[1] are studied.

Treatment of Two Kinds of Boundary Conditions in the Calculation of Two-Phase Flow in Interior Ballistics

Song Ming, Yang Xinnin

1993, 14(3):  6-11.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.002

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A variety of complicated boundaries exist in the gas-solid two-phase flow in guns. Treatment of these boundary conditions is a key to the successful simulation of two-phase phenomena in guns. In the light of the author’s practice, this paper presents some new methods in the treatment of the solid wall boundary and primer jet boundary ，with the help of which the pressure wave in a 30mm gun is successfully simulated in its computation.

A Mathematical Model of Two-Phase Flow and Its Numerical Analysis for a New Type of Igniter Tube

Weng chunsheng, Yuan Yaxiong, Zou Ruirong ,et al

1993, 14(3):  12-16.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.003

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A new type of igniter tube having the feature of a nozzle is presented. Based on the structural characteristics and working principles, a mathematic model of two-phase flow is given to simulate the flow in the igniter tube in order to analyse its performance. Results of calculation agree well with experimental results. Both experimental results and theory point to the fact that the new type of igniter tube is very- effective for reducing pressure waves in guns.

An Analysis on the Characteristics of Variable Energy Blast Wave at the Muzzle

Li Hongzhi, Liu Xiaoli

1993, 14(3):  17-21.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.004

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In this paper, the energy complement process of muzzle blast wave is imitated by solving a set of unsteady one-dimensional equations with the aid of the method of characteristics based on the theory of variable energy blast wave. It is pointed out that the energy supplied to the blast wave by the exhausted gases at the muzzle is continuous yet restricted, and some regular patterns, with which the ballistic initial parameters affect the muzzle blast wave are obtained. These results can provide some guidance in the design of weapons as systems.

Boundary Element Method in Two-Dimensional Transonic Flow

Liu Xiyun

1993, 14(3):  22-25.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.005

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This paper discusses the solution of problems involving 2D transonic flow by the method of boundary elements. The continuity equation in the compressible flow is translated into an integral equation by the vector Green formula. On the basis of an assumption of vorticity distribution in the interior of boundary layer, the relation between the tangential Velocity and the strength of the vortex on the boundary surface is derived. Knowing the strength of the vortex，then the velocity? density and pressure can be obtained.

A Quantitative Study of the Armour-Piercing after Effects of Self Forging Fregments

Shi Linping, Guo Shigui, Kang Xingke

1993, 14(3):  26-30.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.006

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This paper gives the principles and methods for the simulated power test of self forging fragment ammunition and its quantitative estimation. The complicated problem of the quantitative estimation of power is solved with the target damage model.It can provide some guidance in the design, festing and application of anti-tank ammunitions.

Mathematical Modelling of an Air-Driven Turbine Alternator for the Mortar Fuze and Its Calculations

Zhu Jinan, Lin Guiqing

1993, 14(3):  31-37.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.007

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The purpose of this paper is to analyse the air driven turbine alternator for a mortar fuze. First, based on aerodynamics, mechanics, and electromagnetics, three mathematical models are established，namely the flow model of the venturi iniet, the turning model of the turbine and the output model of the alternator determined by the magne￡oelectrical parameters of the alternator assemblys. Next, flow diagram for calculations simulating the operation of turbine alternator on the fuze in flight is given. Finally, as an example, the operation characteristics of the alternator, whose design parameters have been defined , is simulated on the computer. The results all proved that the analysis is soundly based

Transient Response of the Filler in a Projectile under Firing Conditions

Wang Liangguo ,Zhang Liping

1993, 14(3):  38-44.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.008

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In this paper , dynamic response of the filler and reaction between the filler and projectile body are investigated. A more precise model for the calculation is set up in which the filler is under unilateral normal constraint from the rigid projectile wall and the property of the filler is expressed by linear viscoelastic- or linear elasti- constitutive laws. Viscoelasticity of the material, relative slide of the filler and the friction between the filler and the projectile body,etc. , are considered. Dynamic and quasi-static solutions are finally evaluated through FEM.

Nitrogen-15 Trecer Studies of the Mechanism of Formation of RDX

Fang Zhijie, Chen Ju, Wang Shaofang, et al

1993, 14(3):  45-49.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.009

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15NH4N03 was used to prepare RDX by means of improved Hale process, one Step-K process and two step-K process, the RDX formed was analyzed for the contents and the numbers of 15N by mass spectrometry. The results showed that the contents and the numbers of 15N in the RDX formed from the above three processes were different, and that the amino nitrogens from HA and NH4NO3 were not chemically equivalent in the K process. Four isomers of 15N labelled RDX were formed in the one step K process which indicated that the intermediates forming RDX were composed of various kinds of open-chain methylenenitramines. Although the amounts of the various open-chain methylenenitramines were different, depending on the prevailing conditions ,the open-chain methylenenitramines must have undergone the similar mechanism to form RDX in the Hale process and K process.

An Expert System RDDES for the Regiment Level Decisions on Direction of Defence and Relevant Assessment

Liu Fengyu, Gu Huanying, Zhang Hong

1993, 14(3):  50-54.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.010

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RDDES supports decision making in accordance with principles of military operations as well as the existing situations. On the other hand， in the training it can assess a commander's decisions based on the principles of military operations and gives reasons of its judgment, so as to improve the art of leadership of the commander.

Matrix Method for Kinematic Analysis of General Planar Mechanisms

Mao Ming, Cheng Ruiting, Zhang Xiang ling

1993, 14(3):  55-59.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.011

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After describing the relative kinematic parameters and the transformation matrix of a coplanar (2-dimension) joint, this paper develops the matrix method for the kinematic analysis of general planar mechanism that may contain both lower and higher joints, the mathematical model of the analysis is based on the loop constraint equations. As an application of the analytical technique, a spur gear transmission is presented and illustrated.

A Study of the Glow-Discharge Ionized Titanization with an Arc Source

Fan Benhui, Pan Junde, Zheng Weineng, et al

1993, 14(3):  60-65.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.012

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This paper introduces some results of glow-discharge ionized titanization on the surface of carbon steel (10 steel, 60 steel and T12 steel) applying the technique of glow-discharge ionized surface alloying with an arc source. The relationship of the process parameters to the depth of diffusion , concentration of titanium in the diffusion layer and the microstructure of titanizing layer are studied. Using the X-ray diffraction setup , phases in the diffusion layer were determined.

Applications of Erosion Sensors in the Study of Anti-Erosion Techniques

Zhang Yin, Wan Pufa, Liu Langtao

1993, 14(3):  66-70.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.013

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Describes the application of erosion sensors in ballistic tests to determine the effects of some anti-erosion techniques, such as comparison of effects of various liners, etc. The erosion sensor can also be used in the study of liquid cooling film technology to reduce bore erosion

Determination of Jet Particle Transverse Velocities for a Shaped Charge

Liu Guixi, Wang Cuiyi

1993, 14(3):  71-75.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.014

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This paper presents a method for the measurement of transverse velocities of jet particles. They have been measured with this method for two kinds of shaped charges. The transverse velocities range from 0. 001mm/μs to 0. 118mm/μs. The magnitudes of the transverse velocity and drift of jet particles can be used as a measure for the judgement of colinearity of a jet.

Research Notes

A Method for Predicting the Direction of Dynamic Modification for a Tripod Structure

Wang Jianzhong, Zhou Yaming

1993, 14(3):  76-79.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.015

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This paper gives a relative sensitivity analysis method for predicting the dynamic modification of a tripod structure. A formula is derived for calculating the sensitivity of the natural frequency of a tripod structure regarding the parameters. As an example, the relative sensitivity on a tripod mount structure of a machine gun is calculated. The results are found to be satisfactory.

Quasi-Dynamic Calibration of Pressure-Measuring Copper-Cylinders

Zhu Mingwu ,Wang Changming ,Liu Guang Liao, et al

1993, 14(3):  80-83.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.016

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Quasi-dynamic calibration on domestic Φ4 X 8mm pressure-measuring cop- per-cylinders is described. The necessity and feasibility for the extension and adoption of the quasi-dynamic calibration system to the weapon’s chamber pressure measurement throughout the country are expounded.

A Ballistic Analysis System Based on Digital Spectrum Analysis

Zhou Liang zhu, Huangfu Kan ,Zhao Yangxi, et al

1993, 14(3):  84-87.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.017

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The radar for velocity measurement is a fundamental equipement in a weapon test base and must have highest performance to satisfy the needs of research and development of new weapons and am m uniat ions. A new radar for velocity measurement based on digital spectrum analysis uses the method of velocity measurement in frequency domain and has better performance than the traditional radar based on velocity measurement in time domain. This new radar efficiently increses the measurement range and has the ability of multiple-target detection and spin measurement that the traditional radar does not have. This paper describes the principle and realisation of the velocity maesurement in frequency domain，presents the organization and functions of a ballistic analyser based on this principle and shows some experimental results which demonstrate the advantages of the new radar system.

Design of a High Accuracy Prism and Lens Light Pencil Scannar

Yang Daren, Jiang Huilin

1993, 14(3):  88-91.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.018

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This paper presents a new concept on the optimal design of high accuracy linearity and parallelism light pencil scanner. Within 0. 2mm to 30mm of its scanning region, the scanner’s linearity error is less than 0. 18μm and its parallelism error is less than 0. 37" 。

Effect of Microstructure Parameters on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior for TC11 Titanium Alloy at Elevated Temperatures

Meng Liang, Zhang Baochang

1993, 14(3):  92-96.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.1993.03.019

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Compared with the equiaxial a structure, the parameters of Widman- statten structure and the low cycle fatigue characters at 500°C have been determined for TCll titanium alloy (Ti-6. 5A1-3. 5Mo-l. 5Zr-0. 3Si) under different conditions of heat treatment. The results show that as there is a Widmanstatten+grain boundary a structure in the alloy, the 500°C LCF life decrease with the increase of the prior β grain size and grain boundary α amount. To a certain degree, the grain boundary α plays a role more important than the prior β grain size in their influence to the LCF life. There appear a cyclic hardening for the Widmanstatten structures and a cyclic softening for the equiaxial a structures at 500°C when straih amplitude is at a higher level. Stress amplitudes are almost stable for both structures at 500°C as strain amplitude is at a lower leve.