Table of Content

31 December 2005, Volume 26 Issue 6

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Paper

Calculation of Resistance in Power Absorbing Water Resistor Devices in Engine-generator Sets

ZHAO Long-qing, HUANG Ying, WU Jin, WU Si-jin, Zhang Fu-jun, SUN Ye-bao

2005, 26(6):  721-724.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.001

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In studying the characteristics of an electric transmission system with ICE as the power source, the system must be properly loaded, and an appropriate means must be implemented to absorb the electric power generated. Based on the basic electric properties of the electrolyte, the use of water resistance in the absorption of power as well as other factors were analyzed. An Energy-consuming system made up of the electrode and elec?trolyte was theoretically calculated with the field theory. The application of the method to calculating water re?sistance was brought forward, A water resistance test-bed was designed based on the principle, and validated on trial at last.

Universal Finite Element Solution Method of Gun Barrel Dynamic Stress

ZENG Zhi-yin, NING Bian-fang, WANG Zai-sen

2005, 26(6):  725-728.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.002

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Using APDL language of ANSYS finite element analysis software, the solution program of the gun barrel dynamic stress was developed. The paper indicated the pivotal technique problems of the barrel dynamic strength design. It provides a foundation to realize the practical use and formalization of gun barrel design.

Study on Penetration Depth of Circular Tube and Rod Penetrator to Homogeneous Steel Target

FANG Qing, ZHAO Guo-zhi, SHEN Pei-hui, HAN Yong-yao

2005, 26(6):  729-732.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.003

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A simplified analytical model for the penetration depth ratio between circular tube and rod to semi-in?finite homogeneous steel targets was developed in this paper according to an assumption that the ratio of initial impact energy to crater volume for the tube penetrator equals to that of rod penetraor. A function to describe ef?fects of their length ratio, impact velocity ratio, crater/penetrator diameter ratio and tube’s inner/outer diame?ter ratio on the ratio between tube and rod penetration depth was derived. The tube pentrator9 s crater depth in the different conditions was discussed and the range of penetration depth ratio for two penetrators was obtained also. Another result of the analysis is an approximate formula for the penetration depth of novel KE penetrator. The theoretical prediction of the penetration depth ratio of tube ana long rod penetrators is compared with exper?imental result and shows fairly good consistency with the later. All results can be used for novel KE projectile de?sign, which consists of large length/diameter ratio rod and long circular tube.

Optimized Coding of Counter-meshing Gears Mechanism

GAO Yang

2005, 26(6):  733-737.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.004

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Counter-meshmg gears (CMG) mechanism is a coding and discrimination mechanism, which can be used for safety and arming applications. Essential concept of CMG mechanism coding was presented, and the coding method based on maze mapping and graph theory was given, which is simple, clear and easy to use. With the maze mapping method and the orthogonal mutually exclusive criterion of the critical trap grids, the optimized coding problem ot しMG mechanism is transformed into that of vertex coloring problem in graph theory. It is re?vealed that the working principle of the lock mechanism is combinatorics. Vertex set V(G) of the derived graph G( V, E) can be colored with X(G) colors，and finally an optimized CMG mechanism coding result was ob?tained, 1. e., with the minimal composite gear levels.

Two-dimensional Instantaneous Heat Conduction Analysis in the Plasma Ignition Process of Energetic Materials

XIE Yu-shu, ZHANG XIAO-bing, BAI Qiao-dong, YUAN Ya-xiong

2005, 26(6):  738-742.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.005

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Instantaneous heat conduction analysis in powder grains was discussed. When the heat spread speed is a finite value in the process of plasma ignition, the theory of heat conduction is quite different from the classical Fourier law applied to the process when the heat spread speed is infinite. The classical Fourier law is modified when applied to the instantaneous heat conduction. A two-dimensional instantaneous heat conduction model of the powder grain plasma ignition process was established under cylindrical coordinate, using the finite difference equation and the numerical simulation to calculate the distribution of the temperature field in powder grains. In the process of the plasma ignition, different factors are considered to analyze the influences on the ignition delay, and the distribution of the temperature neld is also analyzed when a thermocouple is inserted in powder grains. The numerical results show that ： I) along with the increase of plasma temperature, tne ignition of energetic ma?terials is shortened; 2) the thickness of the plasma radiation absorption decreases, the ignition delay is small; 3) when the heat relaxation time decreases, the temperature field is further influenced; 4) when the thermocouple is inserted to measure the temperature, the temperature is influenced.

Influence of Anti-solvent Property on the Modes of Crystallization of HNIW

JIN Shao-hua, LEI Xiang-dong, OU Yu-xiang,LIU Jin-quan, SONG Quan-cai

2005, 26(6):  743-745.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.006

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A study on the methods and processes of crystallization of e-HNIW was given, and a theoretical ex?planation oi its crystal transformation was found m this paper. The solubility of HNIW almost does not change with variations in the temperature of solution. Therefore only the anti-solvents involved in crystallization is effec?tive in the preparation of e-HNIW. It is revealed that the physical properties such as the dipole moment and molecular polarity of the anti-solvent play an important role in the process of crystallization of HNIW. When us?ing acetic ether or acetone as the solvents, anti-solvents with lower values of dipole moment, for example petroleum ether, isooctane, cyciohexane, toluene etc, make the HNIW to form an e-modification, whereas anti?solvents with higher values of dipole moment, such as triethylene glycol, to form other modifications of HNIW. At higher temperatures, the duration that e-HNIW can keep its modification is longer in non-polar solvents than in polar solvents.

The Robust Approach of Matched Field Noise Suppression

YANG Kun-de, MA Yuan-Iiang

2005, 26(6):  746-750.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.007

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Towing ship noise is a kind of wideband interference with strong multi-path and angle dispersion for a towed line array sonar system. Based on the novel concept of matched field noise suppression (MFNS) proposed by the authors, two robust MFNS methods were presented to cancel the towing ship noise. Of them one is mul?tiple constraints MFNS and the other is matched field postbeamformer interference canceller (MF-PIC) . The prominent advantage of the methods is that it can suppress the towing ship’s noise for all arrival directions and keep signal power with robustness. The efficacy of the methods was verified by simulation.

The Evaluation of Electro optical Jamming Effectiveness on Laser Rangefinder

GAO Wei

2005, 26(6):  751-753.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.008

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A method for evaluating the effectiveness of electro-optical jamming device on laser rangefinder was proposed in this paper. The evaluation rules of jamming effectiveness for laser range deception jamming and laser blinding jamming on laser rangefinders were presented in detail. For laser range deception jamming, whether the ranging error of a laser rangefinder under jamming is greater than three times its ranging accuracy (standard de?viation) without jamming is proposed as the criterion for whether the jamming is effective or not. The jamming effects can be graded into several jamming rates according to the jamming success rates. For laser blinding jam?ming on a laser rangefinder, the jamming effects can be graded into four jamming rates according to the degrees of damage to the ranging accuracy or ranging capability of the laser rangefinder.

Research on High- resolution Polarization Discrimination Algorithm of Active Decoy and Radar Target

LI Yong-zhen, WANG Xue-song, XIAO Shun-ping,ZHUANG Zhao-wen

2005, 26(6):  754-760.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.009

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The discrimination problem of active decoy and radar target was studied based on a high resolution and timesharing polarization measurement radar system. The polarization characteristics of active decoy of any elliptic polarized antenna were analyzed, ana the analytic expression of its instantaneous polarization projection vector (IPPV) was given. The IPPV fluctuation characteristics of scattering echo from radar target were also dis?cussed .The concept and definition of IPPV horizontal fluctuation degree, IPPV vertical fluctuation degree and partial fluctuation degree, whicn can be used to characterize the different polarization characteristics of radar tar?get and active decoy, were then presented. The polarization discrimination algorithm of active decoy and radar target was established. The feasibility and validity of identification proposal are verified by actual data and com?puter simulation.

A Study on Anti-reverberation Method Based on Fractional Fourier Transform

DENG Bing, TAO Ran, QI Lin, LIU Feng

2005, 26(6):  761-765.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.010

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Linear frequeny modulation (LFM) signals are often used in sonars. Based on the fact that LFM sig?nal has a good focusing property in the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) domain, a novel anti-reverberation algorithm was presented. It is based on fractional Fourier transform, in which LFM signal is separated from the reverberation through a narrow-band filter in fractional Fourier domain. Thus the effect of the reverberation is readily subtracted from the received signal. With the actual reverberation data and the LFM pulse for separa?tion, satisfactory results were obtained.

Human Motion Target Detection Based on Computer Vision

FU Li, FANG Shuai, XU Xin-he

2005, 26(6):  766-770.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.011

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Human motion target detection based on computer vision is a cutting edge research topic causing in?creasing attention in the field of computer vision research. Wavelet transform method was used to solve for the ambiguous edges in human motion imaging. The shadow ’ s negative effect to the image processing was removed. The edge’s extraction was successfully realized. So this is an effective method for the research of human motion analysis system.

Optimal Polarization Strategies Based on Polarization-ratio Parameters

YANG Yun-fu, TAO Ran, WANG Yue

2005, 26(6):  771-775.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.012

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An optimal polarization reception signal-to-interference-and-noise-ratio (SINR) equation was derived directly based on the polarization-ratio parameters. Some analytic solutions in special cases of polarization were presented. Several optimal strategies were proposed. An optimal polarization scheme namely the three steps searching and comparison (TSSC) was suggested. Comparison among several optimal schemes was given. Simu?lation results show that the TSSC scheme takes only four steps to approach the global optimum.

A Study on Cone-beam Quasi Generation Ⅲ 3D-ICT Imaging Method

FU Jian, LU Hong-nian, WANG Hong-jun

2005, 26(6):  776-779.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.013

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3D industrial computed tomography (3D-ICT) with circular orbit cone-beam scan mode based on Feld- kamp Davis and Kress(FDK) reconstruction algorithm is considered more favorable for use than other processes. It is mathematically simpler and more feasioie in engineering. However, limited by the length of detector, the technique has a smaller field of view. In order to execute the 3D-ICT inspection of large objects, a method called quasi generation EI 3D-ICT, which rotates the scanning cone beam, was discussed. Its filter back-projection re?construction algorithm based on the FDK principle was deduced. The results of computer simulation prove the validity of the method. The analysis shows that the scanning field of view can be improved no less than 140% compared with the circular orbit scan mode.

A New Pattern Matching Algorithm Based on Adjusting the Template Image Size

MI Chang-wei, LIU Xiao-Ii

2005, 26(6):  780-782.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.014

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In the process of tracing, the presence of differences in gray values and the distortion between the ob?ject image and the template image is inevitable. As the template image in traditional pattern matching algorithm is of the rectangle structure, so it is inevitable that the background data exist in the template image when the ob?ject is made to contain in the template image. The size of the template image in traditional pattern matcmng al?gorithm is fixed. Based on these factors, the process of tracing is instaole and easily loses the object. A new pat?tern matching algorithm based on variable template image sizes was proposed in this paper. By applying the algo?rithm, the size of template image can be modified real time and the shape of template image is non- rectangular in structure. The tests show that this algorithm possesses the ability to resist distortion and adapts to complex background improved greatly.

Output-redefinition-based Variable Structure Control for Aerodynamic Missiles

ZHAO Hong-chao, GU Wen-jin, MA Deng-wu

2005, 26(6):  783-786.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.015

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In order to solve the non-minimum phase problem of the output of missile normal overload, an output- redefinition technique was adopted. The new output is redefined according to the missile normal overload and an?gle acceleration. The condition of minimum phase system was deduced. Considering the robustness of the out?put-redefinition technique, a variable structure control method to design the overload-control system for missile was adopted in order to improve the robustness. Finally, a simulation research was performed by taking an ex?ample .The simulated results prove the stability and the robustness of the overload- control system.

Adaptive Maneuvering Target Tracking Based on Expected System Noise Model

HU Wei-wei, YANG Shen-yuan, HAO Jing-tao

2005, 26(6):  787-790.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.016

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For maneuvering target tracking, the increase in the maneuvering capability of targets makes the es?tablished models mismatch the true modes of maneuvering targets. Lots of models need to be established to ap?proach the true mode in order to solve it. But tms brings on dramatic increase in calculation, and cannot always improve the performance of the system. An interacting multiple model (IMM) adaptive filtering algorithm based on expected system noise model was presented. In this approach, a part of the system noise models are intended to adaptively match the unknown true mode. Comparison between the new algorithm and the standard IMM al-gorithm is evaluated though Monte-Carlo simulation. The results show that this algorithm improves the tracking accuracy for maneuvering targets and involves only moderate amount of the computation.

Crack Arrest Effect in Thin Plates

FAN Hua-lin, CHEN Ping

2005, 26(6):  791-794.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.017

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Governing equations in thermo-electromagnetic elastic problems were given. Expressions of current density and Joule heat source near the crack tip in an infinite plate under constant current were derived, as well as the temperature field and the stress field near the crack tip. The current density factor of plane cracks was de?fined and the complex function style of the current density factor was given in this paper. A calculation was illus?trated to demonstrate the magnitude of the current under which the material near the crack tip would melt and could be welded. The result of calculation agrees well with that of others published research results.

Effect of Battle Damage Assessment and Repair on Aircraft Survivability

LI Shu-lin, LI Shou-an, TONG Zhong-xiang, LI Wei-ji, GOU Bai-yong

2005, 26(6):  795-797.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.018

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In order to study the influence of battle damage assessment and repair (BDAR) on aircraft survivabili?ty, survivability’s relation with the susceptibility, vulnerability and BDAR ability was analyzed, and a model of the effect of battle damage repair on aircraft survivability was built up by method, of probability. The theoretical results of an example calculated by the model coincide well with the experimental results, showing that the mo?del is correct. The results of calculation also show that BDAR plays a pivotal role in aircraft survivability.

An Interval Method for Sensitivity Analysis of the Structures

QIU Zhi-ping, WANG Xiao-jun

2005, 26(6):  798-802.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.019

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Based on interval mathematics, an interval method for sensitivity analysis of the structures was pro?posed. Without the use of operations of partial derivatives, the method allows information on the response (or performance) of the structure to be obtained from the structural parameters (or design variables) . Particularly for large non-linear systems, demands for the selection of parameter variation range for interval sensitivity analy?sis are lower than that for the difference method or perturbation method. Numerical examples were used to illus?trate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

Intelligent Decision Technology for Weapon System Scheme Based on Rough Analytical Hierarchy Process

WU Xiao-yun, MA Da-wei, LI Si-chao

2005, 26(6):  803-806.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.020

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A fusion of rough set (RS) in soft computing method and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is stud?ied for the intellectualization of the decision-making of weapon system scheme. Based on the relationship be?tween a hierarchy analysis model and a decision table in RS theory established in this paper, the refining of as?sessment index system, acquirement of index weight and construction of judgment matrix are studied by use of the theory of reduction and attribute significance of RS, wmch achieves the sufficient use of field knowledge by AHP and the decision support of hierarchy problems by rough sets. By applying it into the evaluation of certain MLRS weapons system improvement scheme, the models or methods in original decision support software are improved, and the intelligent decision of weapons system schemes based on its domain knowledge is resolved by this software.

Study on Erosion and Service Life of Composite Material Barrel

CHEN Long-miao, QIAN Lin-fang

2005, 26(6):  807-811.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.021

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The wall wear and service life oi the composite tube caused by the heat mechanism were estimated us?ing the MacCormack finite difference method. Based on the model of an unsteady quasi-one dimensional flow in the composite tube, the mathematical expressions of the friction and heat transfer between gas and tube and ra?dial heat conduction inside the tube were established. Therefore, the temperature distribution along the wall and the heat loss through the tube were calculated. Corresponding numerical results for several representative tube models were also presented. The conclusions offer scientific basis for the rational and effective choice of material.

A Study on Li/ SFg Gas-liquid Fuel Combustion with the Minimum of Gibbs Energy

ZHANG Wen-qun, ZHANG Zhen-shan

2005, 26(6):  812-815.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.022

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The minimum of Gibbs energy is applied to analyze chemical equilibrium of Li/SF6 gas-liquid fuel combustion used in a novel heat power system. According to the fundamental thermodynamic relations, the mi?nimization of Gibbs energy, subject to element and charge conservation constraints for a multi-element system, is viewed as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem, which is solved using the method of Lagrange multipli?ers. Results of equilibrium calculations include temperature, density, and species concentrations as functions of mixture fraction. The method can also be used to calculate complex chemical equilibrium of non-ideal, multi?phase, electrolytic or non- electrolytic mixtures.

A Proxy Signature Scheme with Limited Number of the Signature

WU Ke-Ii, ZHANG Hong, LIU Feng-yu

2005, 26(6):  816-819.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.023

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The restriction of the proxy signature right is often of importance in practice. Based on the forward security and iail-stop signature, an n-time proxy signature scheme was proposed. In the scheme, an original signer can limit the number of the signatures through a proxy signer. If the same proxy private key is used more than once by the proxy signer, then the secret key of proxy signer will be broken. At the same time, If the number that the proxy wants to sign is larger than what is given, then the proxy signature cannot be computed.

Comprehensive Evaluation System of Surface Integrity in Precision Machining

WANG Gui-cheng, HONG Quan, ZHU Yun-ming, PEI Hong-jie

2005, 26(6):  820-824.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.024

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The difference between surface quality and surface integrality in precision machining was discussed, and a new concept that surface integrality should include the edge quality of parts was put forward. The weight?ing values of a series of characteristic parameters of surface integrality were determined applying the analytic m- erarchy process (AHP) ? And three basic methods of evaluating surface integrality were presented. A new com?prehensive evaluation system has been formed which will theoretically play an important role in the development of precision machining in China.

Short Papers

An Improved Description of “Current” Statistical Model for Maneuvering Target

DIAO Lian-wang, YANG Jing-yu

2005, 26(6):  825-828.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.025

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Some shortcomings oi current” statistical model for maneuvering target are discussed ? The applicable bound of modified Rayleigh distribution was derived. Based on the result, a new “current” statistical model de?scription was proposed. Computer simulation by MATLAB shows that the tracking accuracy of the new method is preferred, to tKe old one.

Experimental Techniques and Analysis

A Study on the Impact Damage in a New AlN Matrix Composite

WANG Yang-wei, WANG Fu-chi, YU Xiao-dong, CHEN Hai-dong

2005, 26(6):  829-833.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.026

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Si3N4-/AlN-Al composite prepared by pressureless infiltration process is a new type of AlN matrix composite. The composite plates were penetrated by tungsten ball in a compressed air gun. Macro and micro-ex?aminations of the fracture surface were conducted with digital camera and scanning electronic microscope ( SEM), and the iailure mechanisms of the composite were analyzed. The results show that the major failure mechanisms are three types ： compressive frictionizing surface within crushed zone, shear predominated cone cracks and radial cracks resulting from dynamic tensile stress. The compressive frictionizing process between fragments within crushed zone, which is related to the fragmentation of AlN skeleton, the high strain rate localized deformation of aluminium alloy within the skeleton and the heat of friction, contributes to a special energy-consumption during the tungsten ball penetration process.

Application of Electromagnetic Riveting in Wing Fuel Tank Manufacture

ZHANG Hai-jun, ZUO Hong-fu, XU Guokang,WANG Shu-hui

2005, 26(6):  834-837.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.027

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To overcome shortcomings in sealing resulting from pneumatic or pressure riveting, tests of interfer?ence distribution, fatigue life and tightness endurance based on various riveting processes were carried out. The results show that electromagnetic riveting(EMR) ensures longer fatigue life, improves conditions of processing, increases productivity, and also meets the tightness requirement. Fuel tank simulator with the EMR was made and its tightness over various leaks was found to be less than the threshold of 1O-6 Pa.m3/s.

Research Notes

Wavelet Analysis of Fuze Test Data

RUI Xiao ting, YANG Fu-feng, SHA Nan-sheng,LU Wen-guang,TIAN Fa-Iin,CHEN Jian-xin

2005, 26(6):  838-841.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.028

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It is difficult to confirm the position and distribution of singularities in space generally when the test data with noise disturbance is filtered by Fourier transform. This paper describes that test data of wind-tunnel is filtered by wavelet transform. By choosing rational base wavelet, level and threshold, the saltation of angle ac?celeration of fuze turbine was obtained, the time when a stab firing device of fuze is divorced from a hole was as?sured, it is important to analyze the motion law of fuze. By finding out the reason of the fuze early burst, the design was guaranteed.

Analysis About Tunable Bias Voltage and Temperature Characteristics of IRFPA

WANG Shi-yu，CHANG Ben-kang, ZHANG Jun-ju, XING Su-xia,QIAN Yun-sheng, SUN Lian-jun

2005, 26(6):  842-844.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.029

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In the system of thermal sight about small arms, the general characteristic is decided by the infrared detector. To improve the performance of FPA on low temperature condition, people have taken low temperature characteristic of IRFPA as the focus of research. Inner circuit and noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of the a-cm FPA were analyzed and the equation of NElD was deduced at length. The results from above mentioned research approve that FPA can work stably at lower temperature through turning the two tunable bias voltage.

A Distributed Multiple Warships Passive Location Algorithm Based on Information Fusion

SUN Yon-kan, XIONG Zheng-xiang, KANG Feng-ju

2005, 26(6):  845-848.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.030

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A distributed multiple warships passive location algorithm based on information fusion was presented. By way of feature association and space association, this algorithm can execute the location association of multiple warships passive ESM sensors. It also adopts the time-varying sampling modified gain extended Kalman filter (MGEKF), and shipborne ESM equipment of multiple warships are used to distributed bearings-only tracking fusion multiple maritime moving emitters. Computer simulation results prove that the location precision of track?ing fusion is improved a lot compared with the single warship location precision. Though it cannot reach a very high precision because of the low direction finding precision of radar ESM system, it does satisfy with the need of maritime missile attack, for missiles can search certain area to strike the target with precision. The algorithm has a good stability and satisfis the location precision for bearing-only tracking on maritime low-speed moving warship emitters and can satisfy the need of practical applications.

Study on Electro-optic Jamming of Intermediate Range TV Guided Missile Weapon System

ZHANG An, LI Hui, HE Sheng-qiang, WANG An-Ii

2005, 26(6):  849-853.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.06.031

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The effect of electronic countermeasures on weapon systems was studied, emphasizing upon the analy?sis of the jamming of ground jamming station, atmosphere and smoke screen on intermediate range air-to-surface television command guidance missile. The jamming types and principle were analyzed using a simulation system. The factors of jamming that affects the guidance precision of missile are got from the simulated results.