Table of Content

31 July 2008, Volume 29 Issue 7

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Paper

Study on the Fluid-Solid Coupled Heat Transfer of the Diesel Engine Cylinder Head

LUO Qing-guo, LIU Hong-bin，GONG Zheng-bo,GUI Yong

2008, 29(7):  769-773.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.001

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Using the CFX mesh module of ANSYS Workbench software, the grid model of the engine cylinder head and cooling water channel was built up and the interface of the solid and fluid, was cou?pled to realize the heat transfer. In the CFX module of ANSYS Workbench software, using the method of dispersing and resolving in together, the grid model was calculated and the flow field of the water and the temperature field of the cylinder head and the temperature field of the interface were ob- tained under condition of rated power. They provide gist for further calculating thermal stress and thermal distortion.

Simulation for Langlie Method Test of Fuze Arming Distance

WEN Quan, WANG Yu-shi

2008, 29(7):  774-780.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.002

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In mathematically statistical test methods that were used to get arming distance of fuze, Langlie method was applied more and more wider because it only uses a few samples. Langlie method test of fuze arming distance was simulated and calculated with Mote-Carlo method. Its result shows that the estimate of 50 % response level of stimulus for arming distance can be got through using a little sample, but the error and scatter to estimate of variance for arming distance is large; the amending co?efficient to estimate of variance can be got through simulating and calculating, but it is useless to the certain single test; this means that the estimated arming distance of fuze by the langlie method test has large error, and the maximum of arming distance becomes shorter and the minimum of that becomes longer without amending.

Analysis and Optimization of the Optical Filter Made from Transparent Conducting Oxides in Thermophotovoltaic System

MAO Lei, YE Hong

2008, 29(7):  781-787.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.003

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The model of the optical filter made from transparent conducting oxides(TCOs) was con?structed and the influence of the carrier concentration as well as the mobility on the spectral properties was analyzed. The optimal carrier concentration and the film thickness were calculated for the TCOs filter applied to the thermophoto voltaic (TPV) system which takes LxaSb cell as the converter, the in?fluence of the thickness of quartz substrate on the filter performance was also discussed. The following results are obtained ： when the radiator temperature varies from I 400K to I 600 K, the optimal carrier concentration is between (4.3 ?4.4) X 1O20 cm-3 and film thickness is between 389 ~ 399 nm for Al2〇3/Er3Al5〇12 eutectic ceramic selective radiator, while (4.4?4.6) X 1O20 cm-3 and 382?383 nm for SiC graybody radiator; the thickness of quartz substrate has little influence on the performance of TCOs filter, thus its influence can be neglected; the output electric power density is 0.38 W/cm2, the spectral efficiency is 56.6% and TPV efficiency is 16.7% at a radiator temperature of I 500 K for TPV system composed of AI2O3/Er3AI5O12 eutectic ceramic selective radiator, TCOs filter and GaSb cell.

A Route Planning's Method for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on Improved A-Star Algorithm

LI Ji, SUN Xiu-xia

2008, 29(7):  788-792.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.004

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Taking aim the limitation of traditional A-Star algorithm in route planning for unmanned aerial vehicles( UAVs), an improved A-Star algorithm that com Dines with aircraft kinematics equation was presented to solve the UAVs，threat avoidance in unknown environment. A route planning’s method was studied at the condition of considering comprehensively influence factors of route cost. A numerical simulation in reference route planning for UAVs demonstrates the efficacy of the improved algorithm.

A Navigation System for Spinning Projectile

ZHANG Meng，MA Tie-hua, CAO Yong-hong, ZU Jing

2008, 29(7):  793-797.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.005

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It is difficult to use a traditional navigation system composed of gyroscope and accelerometer for navigating spinning projectile having high angular velocity. A gyro-free micro inertial measurement unit (GFMIMU) composed of micro accelerometers only was put forward to provide all of navigation information for spinning projectile. Based on GtMIMU measurement theory, a self-filter system was built up using the redundant output information of accelerometers, which suppresses accumulative an?gular velocity error increasing quickly. To decrease the accumulative angular errors of GFMIMU, a sckeme of a navigation system integrated, a GFMIMU and a tkree-axis magnetometer was adopted.. The state equation and estimation equation of the system were built up using quaternion. Considering the accurate and real-time filtering of the system, a second-order interpolation filter was proposed to process information fusion. A simulation of the system was made. The simulation results show that the scheme of the proposed design is feasible.

Research on Modeling and Controlling Method of Dynamically Tuned Gyroscope Based on Bond Graph

ZHANG Lian-chao, FAN Da-peng, FAN Shi-xun,PANG Xin-Iiang

2008, 29(7):  798-805.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.006

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Bond graph method is a unified graphic method for modeling of engineering systems in sev?eral different energy domain. This paper models the open loop system of a Dynamically Tuned gyro?scope (DTG) using bond graph according to its structure, which can express the characteristic of the DTG. The close-loop decoupling controller of rebalance loop of the DTG is designed, and the integra?tive close-loop system of structure and control is simulated using 20-sim software. The simulation re?sults indicates that the close-loop decoupling controller can decrease the intrinsic coupling effect signifi?cantly, the integrative modeling and simulation method based on bond graph is convenient to design the controller of DTG rapidly.

Unsteady Effect Research of Closure Process for HGSITVC System

WU Xiong，ZHANG Jian, JIAO Shaoqiu,ZHANG Wei-hua, WANG Zhong-wei

2008, 29(7):  806-812.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.007

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The unsteady effect of closure process for hot gas secondary injection thrust vector control (HGSITVC) system was studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis technique. The weakened and disappeared detail characteristic gradually of transient disturbance flowfield composed of main and secondary flows was given, and the dynamic process of flow parameters and interior ballistic performance of the motor were analyzed. The studied results indicate that strong pressure oscillation occurs in the flowfield about the hot gas ejecting hole and secondary hot gas injection hole, dynamic load resulted from unsteady process brings aerocraft structure to oscillate; as residual influence of jet flow disturbing force on controlling effect is obvious and reduces with the time slowly, the influence has to be considered.

Analysis of Dynamic Responses of Arches with Flexible Supports Subjected to Blast Loads

SONG Chun-ming, WANG Ming-yang, WANG De-rong

2008, 29(7):  813-818.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.008

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Rigid supports like clamped and simple supports are not actually adopted at the ends of arch?es in the engineering, but flexible supports such as elastic supports, damping supports are adopted. The mechanical models of arches with flexible supports were established, considering elastic and damp?ing supports and lumped masses at the ends of arches. Based on large deformation dynamic differential equations and finite difference method, the elastic-plastic dynamic responses of arches subjected to blast loads were studied. The analyses show that flexile supports have great effects on the performances of arches, vertical elastic supports can decrease internal force peaks of the arches and increase the time ar?riving peak at transient blast loads, and damping supports can attenuate internal forces and displace?ments, therefore, the resistances of arches can be increased by flexible supports.

Nonlinear Stiffness of Metal-Rubber

LI Yu-yan, HUANG Xie-qing

2008, 29(7):  819-823.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.009

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On the basis of theory of porous materials, in terms of nonlinear theory of dry friction, and combined with the model of small curved beam, the nonlinear constitutive relation of metal-rubber was constructed. The dynamic experiments were made for tempered hollow cylinder of metal-rubber. The structural stiffness and the natural frequency were obtained. The stiffness from theoretical model was compared with that from experiment. It is found that the former is consistent with the later, the mod?el of the stiffness from nonlinear constitutive relation based on porous materials theory can correctly de?scribe nonlinear stiffness of metal-rubber.

Analysis of Antibending Stability and Reliability of an Elastic Body with Initial Eccentricity at High Speed Motion Underwater

AN Wei-guang, GU Yong-wei，AN Hai

2008, 29(7):  824-828.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.010

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Taking aim at the anti bending stability of an elastic body with initial essentricity at high speed motion underwater, a simplified mechanical model was established. Based on the differential e- quation of load-bearing of small deflection bar, the critical load of bending unstability of the elastic body was confirmed, and the relation between the critical load and the initial eccentricity was ob?tained .On the above basis, the structural reliability analysis was carried through, and the reliability index and the probability of iailure of the structure were obtained. The example was given to demon?strate the efficiency of tnis method.

A Method of failure Sample Selection Based on Failure Pervasion Intensity

LI Tian-mei, QIU Jing, LIU Guan-jun,XU Cong-qi

2008, 29(7):  829-833.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.011

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The complex and uncertain relationship among ianures is ignored, in failure sample selection based on traditional testability demonstration experiment method. A lailure pervasion model was founded-fuzzy probability Petri net (FPPN) model which depicts the propagation and pervasion relation among failures, then iailure pervasion intensity was introduced, the process of lailure pervasion was depicted based on k-step fault pervasion principle and the pervasion intensity was expressed by a num?ber. The method of sample selection based on iailure pervasion intensity and failure rate was intro?duced. The demonstrated result by an example shows that the sample set selected based on the method can represent the failure set adequately.

Electronic Equipment Fault Predicting Method Based on Accelerated Stress Lifetime Test

MA Yan-heng, HAN Jiu-qiang, LI Gang

2008, 29(7):  834-838.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.012

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It is difficult to grasp the fault regularity of complex structure of modern electronic equip?ment. The whole equipment fault rule can be inferred and predicted from that of units which compose the equipment. The fault rule and prediction method of the units were studied in this paper. It is the realizing steps oi the unit fault prediction method that the unit testing time was shortened by accelerat?ed stress lifetime test to acquire a great deal of fault rule information; the acquired data were pro-cessed ;the fault rule and prediction of the units under normal environment conditions were deduced from the processed data by the grey predicting theory; the confidence of predicted results was given by similarity and membership grade function of “the old aged” .

Continuation of Magnetic Vector Based on a Surface Integral Technique

YAN Hui, XIAO Chang-han, ZHOU Guohua

2008, 29(7):  839-843.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.013

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According to an integral relationship between the magnetic field of an arbitrary point and that of an arbitrary surface outside magnetic source, a continuation method of the magnetic vector was proposed by a surface integral ana extrapolation technique to gain the far magnetic vector of the ferro?magnetic object. Because magnetic potential does not need to be computed in the method, the compli?cated procedure in conventional continuation methods was simplified. The validity of the method was testified by a special example and its simulation and experiment. The result of an exoerimental applica?tion shows that the method has higher conversion precision and. shorter operation time.

Application of Interval Analysis Method and Convex Models to Multidisciplinary Systems

QIAO Xin-zhou, QIU Yuan-ying, CAO Hong-jun

2008, 29(7):  844-848.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.014

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An uncertainty analysis method for multidisciplinary systems with uncertain-but-bounded parameters was presented. Based on Taylor series and global sensitivity equations (GSE), the numeri?cal algorithms for the linking variables and the outputs of the systems were deduced using interval anal?ysis method and convex models respectively. The comparison of the solved results between interval analysis method and convex models was performed through the mathematical proof and the numerical examples. The results show that the interval of solution obtained by interval analysis method is closer to Monte Carlo simulation than that obtained by convex models.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis on Battlefield Armor Protection of the Engineer Equipment

ZHOU Zhaoxia，TAN Ye-fa, ZHANG Chuan-ai

2008, 29(7):  849-853.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.015

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A hierarchy conceptual model of the armor protection of engineer equipment was constructed and the method of analyzing and calculating its cost and effectiveness was proposed. Taking wheeled engineer equipment as an example, the cost-effectiveness analysis model was solved by the dynamic programming method. The sensitivity analysis of the calculated results indicates that it is necessary to enhance the multilayer protection construction to improve the survival probability of battlefield multi?layer protection of engineer equipment.

Simulation and Research on the Three-Echelon Storage Model of the Valuable Spare Parts in Weapon Equipment

SUN Jiang-sheng, LI Su-jian, LV Yan-mei,ZHAO Fang-geng

2008, 29(7):  854-858.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.016

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According to the real background of repair and supply of valuable spare parts in the weapon equipment of the PLA, using the research results of the repairable inventory theory, the inventory model oi tne valuable spare parts in three-echelon repair and supply system was established through ex?panding the classical METRIC model and theory. The inventory strategy at different repair levels was optimized by taking the ordering cost of spare parts as constraint condition, the expected back-ordering quantity as object, so as to insure the maximum military and economic efficiency for the weapon equip?ment support work. Through an example, the simulation analysis was carried out by the three-echelon inventory model of the repairable value spare parts in weapon equipment.

Short Papers

Application of Scaled Unscented Transformation in Simultaneous Localization and Map Building Algorithm

GUO Jian-hui, ZHAO Chun-xia, SHI Xing-xi，KANG Liang

2008, 29(7):  859-863.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.017

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In the simultaneous localization and map building (SLAM) algorithm, motion and measure?ment models are usually of a very nigh nonlinear nature, and the effects of linearization using Jacobian matrices required in the extended Kaiman nltering (KKF) can lead to filter inconsistency due to lin?earization errors. The approach described in this paper aims at avoiding the analytical linearization based on Taylor-series expansion of both motion and measurement models by using scaled unscented transformation (SUT). The SUT was applied to the SLAM algorithm by two different ways： one is for the entire vemcle-map states by replacing EKF with the unscented Kalman filtering (UKF) to car?ry on the state estimation; the other is for the vehicle states by using the EKF both in the prediction of the map features and the update of the complete state vector. The plentiful Monte-しarlo simulations were carried out to evaluate the algorithms’ performance. The simulation results indicate that both two methods can reduce the EKF linearization error effectively, and the second method is more effi?cient in computation.

Adaptive Hierarchical Sliding Mode Speed Control of Gyro Stabiliz^4 Platform

YANG Pu, LI Qi

2008, 29(7):  864-869.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.018

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To eliminate the influence of nonlinear factors on the control system of high-precision gyro stabilized platform, an adaptive hierarchical sliding mode speed controller was designed. Based on the gyro stabilized platform system of a real TV tracKing seeker, the control structure of the platform was introduced. The work principle of gyro speed closed-loop was analyzed in detail, and some main non?linear factors which affect the performance of speed were discussed. According to the characteristics of the platform and sliding mode control theory, the hierarchical sliding mode speed control method was proposed. Inside the boundary layer, an integral sliding mode gain was used, and outside the boundary layer, a sliding control part adopting grey prediction method was added. At the same time, since the value of disturbances in the control algorithm is unable to be measured accurately, an adaptive control method was given to estimate it in real time. The experiments on the stabilized platform of practical seeker show that compared with PID controller, the controller can eliminate the nonlinear disturbances of system effectively, improve the control performance of speed closed-loop, and increase the stable precision; compared with ordinary proportional sliding mode control, the method can decrease the chattering of sliding mode control.

Research Notes

Robust Observer-based H∞ Control for a Glass of Networked Control Systems

YAO Xiu-ming, LI Qing-hua, WANG Chang-hong, LING Ming-xiang, YUAN Zhi

2008, 29(7):  870-876.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.019

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This paper focuses on the problem of robust H00 controller design for networked control sys?tems with the effects of time-varying random delay. The model of discrete-time networked control sys?tems was obtained by discretizing the model of continuous-time ones. With the aid fo an example, the influence of the delay on the dynamic performance of the discrete-time system was analyzed, which is less than a sampling period. Based on the discrete-time model of networked control system, by choos?ing a suitable Lyapunov functional and using linear matrix inequality (LMI) and cone complementarity linearization (CCL) algorithm, an observer-based controller was designed to guarantee the robust by asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system and acnieve the prescribed H00 disturbance attenuation level. A numerical example proved the proposed method to be feasible.

Research on Simulation of the Multipath Effect of the Approaching Landing System for an Airplane

DAI Chuan-j in, ZHAO Xiu-bin, WU De-wei

2008, 29(7):  877-882.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.020

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Based on analyzing the principle of the multipath effect of the approaching landing system, a simulation method of the multipath effect was proposed by the scatter model-database design and ray tracing theory. The subsystem models of antenna, scatters, receiver and channel were established. 丄 he method of multipath simulation, the steps oi implementation and the detailed algorithm process were given. Moreover, the computer simulation was made for the practical problem caused by an air: plane close to the centerline. The simulated results show that the simulated method can evaluate the disturbance of multipath scattering to the system accurately and predict the disturbance of the planned building. The solving efficiency of the multipath effect is improved greatly because of the system simu?lation, and then the flight range is extended largely.

Analysis of a Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of GB's Guidance and Control System with Orthogonal Test

SUN Rui-sheng， LIANG Zhuo, HU Rui, XUE Xiaozhong

2008, 29(7):  883-886.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.021

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It is hard to make a hardware-in-the-loop simulation for a guided bomb’s (GB s) control system checked in all conditions. For this reason, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform was built, the error source in the platform was discussed, the influence of mainly dynamic factors on the precision of the GB s guidance and control system was analyzed; an all-sidedly simulating experiment was made by orthogonal methods. The missdistance and simulating curves show that the guidance and control system of GB works well, which affords strong reference for project design of the GB’s guid?ance and control system.

Research on INS Alignment with Disturbing Motion Base

XU Shi-hui, FENG Pei-de, MA Hong-ri

2008, 29(7):  887-890.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.022

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The system’s S/N ratio is very low when Inertial Navigation System carries through align?ment process on a dynamic base, so the convergence time of alignment process is long. In order to im?prove the alignment accuracy and reduce the alignment time, a new approach based on position obser?vation and parameter estimation was brought forward by means of Markov recursive niter. The wander azimuth INS platform realizes the adjustment of level axis, the confirmation of heading direction and the detection of gyro drift through open-loop coarse alignment and Schuler tuned-loop fine alignment. The vehicle-borne test results show that the high-precision alignment and the reduced alignment time are obtained by means of the method.

Design of 3D Visualization Nondestructive Inspection System for Solid Rocket Motor

ZHU Min, LU Hong-yi, LI Hai-yan

2008, 29(7):  891-896.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2008.07.023

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The inner disfigurement of solid rocket motor can threaten the motor performance and the launch platform. In order to distinguish the disfigurement’s character and hazard to the motor, it needs to analyze the problem in dimensional method. But the traditional 2D ICT serial image nonde?structive inspection can’t build 3D structure of motor, it leads to wrong-justice and miss-justice easily. On the base of 2D ICT serial images, 3D regular data field was built through image pre-processing, 3D motor model is reconstructed by isosurface rendering arithmetic. However, the reconstruction rate is so slow that it can’t meet the need of industry application, the 3D model was predigested by no-limited error method to improve reconstruction rate. The simulated results of the motor disfigurement are con?sistent with the real one ol that obtained by the assistant editing software of CAD. The compared re?sult indicates that the 3D visualization model, which can reflect spacial position, size and shape of the disfigurement, achieves the criterion of nondestructive inspection application technology.