Table of Content

30 September 2011, Volume 32 Issue 9

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Paper

Investigation on a Construction Method of Driving Cycle for Tracked Vehicle

LU Hong-ze， ZHANG Fu-jun, ZHAO Chang-lu， SHI Yang， YUAN Hao-jie

2011, 32(9):  1041-1046.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.001

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The simulation based on driving cycle is a new way for tracked vehicle powertrain system matching. Based on the experimental data of a field test, a method for the construction of tracked vehicle driving cycle is proposed. The experimental data is filtered by the wavelet transform method. A circle experimental data is defined as a kinematic specimen. A representative specimen is chosen through the correlation analysis and the speed-acceleration probability distribution analysis. The driving cycle is composed of the speed-time data and altitude-distance data of the representative specimen. The fuel consumption and the output torque of the gearbox in the case of the driving cycle are calculated by AVLCruise simulation software. The difference between the simulated and test fuel consumption values is below 5%. The distributions of the simulated and test data show a similar trend. It is proved that the driving cycle is reasonable and the construction method is feasible.

Study on Torsional Vibration Characteristics of Crankshaft in Variable Displacement Diesel Engine

YANG Shou-ping, ZHANG Fu-jun, ZHAO Chang-lu, HUANG Ying, ZHANG Zhen-yu, ZUO Zhe

2011, 32(9):  1047-1052.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.002

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In order to investigate the torsional vibration characteristics of the variable displacement diesel engine and explore the best variable displacement schemes, a co-simulation model of a V6 diesel engine crankshaft system is built by using GT-SUITE software and validated by experiments. Various displacement schemes under 10%~50% of engine load are simulated respectively. The results indicate that the torsional vibration angle displacement amplitude of crankshaft under cylinder deactivation increases greatly, which mainly consists of low order rolling vibrations; the fuel cut-off scheme is better than the valve cut-off scheme with the same cylinder deactivation numbers, while the additional torsional vibration stress is slightly larger than the latter’s. The fuel cut-off scheme with uniform firing interval has the best torsional vibrational performance.

Suspension Parameter Optimization Based on Radial Basis Function Response Surface Method

MA Wei-biao, WANG Hong-yan, WANG Liang-xi, KONG Ling-jie

2011, 32(9):  1053-1058.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.003

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To improve tracked vehicles’ ride comfort, an optimization method for suspension system parameters is studied. First a ride comfort evaluation model of tracked vehicle is built, in which the effective value of acceleration at the driver seat is selected as the comfort evaluation index. Then, a response surface model between suspension system parameter and comfort evaluation index is built by using radial basis function method. According to the analysis results, optimization design is carried out for suspension system parameters by using adaptive simulated annealing optimization algorithm. The optimization results show that the ride comfort of tracked vehicle is improved obviously, and the optimization method proposed in this article is feasible. Compared with direct optimization method, this method has more compliant and high computational efficiency.

Research on Working Process Simulation Model of Hydraulic Free-piston Engine

WU Wei, YUAN Shi-hua, JING Chong-bo, GUO Kai

2011, 32(9):  1059-1064.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.004

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To establish working process simulation model of a single piston hydraulic free-piston engine, its basic feature is presented. Based on the theories of thermodynamics, hydromechanics and dynamics, its mathematical representations for the steady state working process are investigated. The simulation results are verified experimentally. The results show that the mathematical model considered the mechanical components dynamics of the hydraulic system achieves high precision. The simulated piston dynamics, cylinder gas pressure and hydraulic pressures are reliable. The model is propitious for the parameter design and optimization of the engine.

Principle and Design of High Torque Continuously Variable Transmission

GUO Wei, LIU Yan-fang, XU Xiang-yang, DONG Peng, WANG Shu-han

2011, 32(9):  1065-1070.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.005

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The continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an ideal transmission. But, it has not been used widely because it can not bear the impact of high torque and its metal belt may be damaged easily. This paper presents a new high torque continuously variable transmission (HCVT). Analyzed the principle and basic structure of HCVT, the static mechanical performance is investigated for the transmission belt. Then, its kinematic performance is analyzed by using 3D dynamic model built on the basis of dynamic simulation platform SimulationX. The analysis results show that HCVT is characterized by high torque and efficiency, and its speed ratio can be controlled easily and continuously. Its maximum torque can reach to 2 000 Nm by increasing its driving disc’s diameter and transmission efficiency can be up to 94%. It can be applied to all types of vehicle, especially in large and medium transit bus and engineering vehicle.

The Coordination Error Control of the Steering /Anti-lock Braking System in Vehicle

LI Guo， FENG Ze-bin

2011, 32(9):  1071-1076.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.006

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A new cooperative control system is proposed for the steering anti-lock braking stability of vehicle. The cooperative control architecture is composed of the steering controller and the braking controller. Based on the yaw moment controller and the optimum sliding mode controller of front wheels, the vehicle steering controller is designed to improve the respond and stability of the vehicle. To reduce the difficulty in determining the commonly used compensation control law of the steering system and the braking system, a new cooperative error is defined firstly and a new cooperative error model of vehicle is developed. Then the anti-lock brake fast terminal control system is designed. A new practical cooperative control law based on the system stability and the fast index is devised. The brake force distribution policy applicable to the complex work condition is presented. The simulated result proves that the cooperative control system is correct and feasible. It improves the braking stability and steering performance.

Damping Characteristics Simulation and Experiment of Stroke-sensitive Shock Absorber

XU Zhong-ming, LI Shi-sheng , ZHANG Yu-feng , ZHANG Zhi-fei, LI Chuan-bing₂

2011, 32(9):  1077-1082.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.007

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For the question of the traditional shock absorber model can’t accurately describe the shock absorber model with the bypass groove, the detailed mathematical model of a stroke-sensitive shock absorber is established by using the hydrodynamics gap flow, nozzle flow and parallel pipe flow calculating theory. The interface technology of AMESim and MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the stroke-sensitive shock absorber model, and the calculated results agree well with the test results, which proves that the co-simulation model of AMESim and Simulink is correct, reliable. In particular, the influence rule and sensitivity degree of the shock absorber on the bypass groove structure parameter are analyzed by the model, and the obtained results provide technical support to the design and performance prediction of the stroke-sensitive shock absorber to a certain degree.

Simulation Research on Geomagnetic Matching Navigation Based on Soft-threshold Wavelet Denoising Method

QIAO Yu-kun, WANG Shi-cheng, ZHANG Jin-sheng, ZHANG Qi, SUN Yuan

2011, 32(9):  1083-1088.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.008

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To eliminate noise and magnetic disturbance from surveyed data of geomagnetic fi

Numerical Simulation on Piston Buffering Characteristics of Pressure-balanced Underwater Torpedo Launch System

ZHANG Xiao-fang， HU Kun， YOU Wen-li

2011, 32(9):  1089-1093.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.009

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For researching the shock vibration resulted from the water cylinder piston buffering of the underwater torpedo launch

Structure Optimization for Underwater Energy-accumulated Launcher

TIAN Bing, WANG Shu-zong, LIAN Yong-qing

2011, 32(9):  1094-1098.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.010

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To study new type of underwater energy-accumulated torpedo launcher, its mathematical mode is built. Its structure and interior ballistic parameters are optimized by using genetic algorithm. For several parameters and their different units and magnitudes, normalization is applied to transfer multi-objective optimization to single-object optimization, and penalty function method is used to deal with restriction condition. The optimization results show that the optimized structure parameters meet the requirements of launching well and the launcher has small volume, light weight and better interior ballistic performance.

Study on Optimal Circle Search Radius of Magnetic Anomaly Detector on Call Based on Priori Target Distribution

JIANG Zhi-zhong， YANG Ri-jie， ZHANG Lin-lin， LI De-xin

2011, 32(9):  1099-1105.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.011

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To improve the search submarine efficiency of on-call spiral search submarine by antisubmarine patrol aircraft with magnetic anomaly detector (MAD), the optimal circle search radius is explored by using probability and optimal search theories. Considered the distribution characteristics of the submarine’s initial position, speed, course, and so on, an analytic model of search probability on MAD circle search is established, and the circle radius making the search probability maximum is derived. Based on the air line simulation algorithm, considered the maneuverability of patrol aircraft, a mathematic model of route planning for the patrol aircraft to search submarine in spiral is established, and the search efficiency is simulated and analyzed with Monte Carlo method. The simulation results show that the search probability is basically identical to the calculation result by using analytic model and the search efficiency is improved obviously.

Study on Calibration Method of Very Low Frequency Vector Hydrophone in Water Tank

SHI Jun-jie, SUN Da-jun, LV Yun-fei, ZHANG Jun

2011, 32(9):  1106-1112.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.012

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In order to study the method of calibrating the very low frequ

Application of Manifold Separation Technique in Non-uniform Circular Array

LU Hai-jie₁, ZHANG Xin-hua₂, XIONG Xin₂

2011, 32(9):  1113-1117.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.013

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Manifold separation technique (MST) is used to decompose a manifold vector of arbitrary geometrical array into the products of a sampling matrix (dependent on the antenna array only) and a Vandermonde structure vector (dependent on the wavefield only). This allows the fast direction-of-arrival (DOA) algorithms for uniform linear arrays to be used for the arbitrary geometrical arrays. A model is established for arbitrary geometrical array, and a non-uniform circular array is taken for example. The sampling matrix of MST is obtained by least-square. As a result, root-MUSIC can be used to estimate the DOA of Vandermode structure. The simulation proves that the high resolution rooting algorithm only suitable for uniform linear array can be used for arbitrary structural array via MST.

Calculation of Highly-skewed Propeller’s Load Noise Using BEM Numerical Acoustics Method in Frequency Domain

YANG Qiong-fang, WANG Yong-sheng, ZENG Wen-de, ZHANG Ming-min

2011, 32(9):  1118-1125.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.014

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For numerical prediction of non-cavitation underwater radiated noise of propeller behind submarine, a highly-skewed propeller's underwater load noise in nominal wake flow is predicted by using large eddy simulation (LES) and boundary element numerical acoustic weak-coupling method in frequency domain. This coupling method is verified by comparing the calculated sound pressure directivity characteristics on the 3D spherical surface and downstream axial measured point’s broadband sound pressure spectrum of DTRC4119 propeller with calculation results provided by the literature［5-6］ in the same conditions. A dynamic Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid-scale stress model (DSM) is used in the unsteady field LES calculation. Then, the sound pressure field is determined solely by the pressure distribution and normal velocity distribution on the closed surface formed by blades and hub surfaces after nodes conservative transfer of the acoustic sources nodal to the acoustic grid. The predicted results show that both propeller's thrust and torque coefficients obtained by RANS simulation are fit very well with the experiment data, which verify the input flow field to the LES simulation. LES unsteady calculation can present precisely two propeller's blade passing frequency (BPF), their harmonics and wake weak axis passing frequency (APF) information too. The calculated total sound pressure level of the DTRC4119 propeller below 200 Hz is 126.4 dB, while the total sound pressure level of the highly-skewed propeller in 0~1 kHz is 116 dB, thus providing a new method to measure the propeller noise behind submarine in the ship.

Study on Wake Bubble Distribution Based on Single Bubble Motion Characteristics

TIAN Heng-dou₁， JIN Liang-an₂， WANG Yong₂， CHI Wei₂

2011, 32(9):  1126-1130.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.015

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In order to analyze the bubble distribution in ship wake theoretically, the motion characteristics and influence factors of the single bubble are studied. The strong-coupling interaction between bubble rising velocity and mass-transfer velocity is considered emphatically, and a dynamic model to describe the whole process of bubble motion in the ship wake is established. Based on the model and statistical analysis, a convenient method to calculate the bubble residence time, relative number density and size distribution is proposed. The simulation results coincide with the experimental data better.

Multi-sources Distinguishing with Acoustic Vector Sensor Array Based on Adaptive Notch Filter

CHEN Chuan, CHEN Shao-hua, LI Qi

2011, 32(9):  1131-1135.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.016

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A novel method of acoustic vector sensor beam forming with adaptive Notch filters is proposed to solve the problem of multi-sources distinguishing on small platforms. Its theoretical basis and beam pattern are analyzed in detail. The multi-sources detection and distinguishing are realized by using frequency selection in the adaptive Notch filter and the spatial directivity of the vector array. Theoretical analysis and simulation show that the proposed method is superior in performance to the conventional vector array beam forming.

Reliability Model and Evaluation Method of Products in Competing Failure Modes

ZHAO Jian-yin, LIU Fang, XI Wen-jun

2011, 32(9):  1136-1139.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.017

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The competing risk problems involving both traumatic and degradation failures are modeled for the reliability evaluation at competing risk involving multiple failures. The degradation level dependence of traumatic failure rate is included into the model. The competing failure model is used to analyze the reliability of metallized-film pulse capacitor by researching the degradation mechanism of metallized-film capacitor.

Research on Dynamics Model of Dircting Mechanism Based on Ring Involute Spherical Gear and Ring Rack

LI Qiang, PAN Cun-yun, XU Hai-jun

2011, 32(9):  1140-1144.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.018

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For precisely control of the movement of a platform with 2 degrees, its dynamics is presented. The transmission form of this platform is a ring involute spherical gear meshing with a ring rack. The structure of the platform is analyzed, and the kinematics model is established. Then the dynamics model is established by Lagrange equation. Considering the parameters of the platform, the track of the endpoint is programmed, and the rules of the drive forces are acquired on the basis of the dynamics model. The validity of the dynamics model is verified through the dynamics simulation. The results show that the dynamics model is accurate, and the drive force errors of the two motors are significantly different. More precise movement can be acquired by improving the control of one of the two motors. The conclusions help to analyze the dynamic characteristics, mechanism optimizing design and movement control of directing platform.

Research Notes

Virtual Evaluation System for Human-machine Interface in Armored Vehicle

CAO Wei-guo, LIU Wei-ping, CHEN Zheng-hong, WANG Xu-chang

2011, 32(9):  1145-1148.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.019

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Currently, the evaluation for man-machine interface in armored vehicle cabin is always empirical and relies on real vehicle test, consumed time and vigor. Based on virtual reality technology and independent system integration methods, a virtual evaluation system is developed and applied to a certain vehicle. Effectiveness of this virtual evaluation system is verified experimentally. This virtual evaluation system can be used in auxiliary assessment in design phase and adaptive reform of current equipment.

Research on Suspension Locking Scheme for Tracked Engineering Machinery in Bulldozing

TANG Jiu-wang, WANG Hong-yan, ZHANG Yu-bao₁, WU Yao-qiang, CHENG Xiang-sheng

2011, 32(9):  1149-1153.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.020

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For tracked engineering vehicles, to analyze the effects of different

Study on Motion of Underwater Towed Missile Launch System

SHAO Cheng, AI Yan-hui, DAI Jun

2011, 32(9):  1154-1158.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.021

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To study the motion of the underwater towed missile launch system through the ocean current, its motion equations are established by using Newton-Euler method. The governing equations of cables are derived by using Ablow and Schechter method. Considered the boundary conditions of mooring cable’s motion, the motion model of the system are adopted to predict its hydrodynamic performance. The established equations are then solved by using a central finite difference method. The simulation results show that the numerical scheme is effective and the motion model can provide reference for the development of underwater towed missile launch system.

Research on Long Range Underwater Acoustic Communication Technology Based on Fractional Fourier Transform

CHEN Yun， WANG Yi-lin， CAI Ping， YIN Jing-wei, MEI Ji-dan

2011, 32(9):  1159-1164.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.022

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Aimed at short propagation distance and poor anti-jamming capability of narrow-band signal in underwater acoustic (UWA) communication, a new UWA communication scheme is proposed on the basis of fractional Fourier transform which used LFM signals as carrier signals. LFM signals are divided into groups as coding signals in time domain and the coding signals are decoded by using pulse position modulation (PPM) in fractional domain. A Rake receiver is presented to suppress UWA channel’s multi-path effect which could lead to inter-symbol interference (ISI). Comparing to traditional UWA communication, this scheme has strong anti-interference ability and high communication rate; the maximum communication rate can be up to 800 bit/s. The feasibility and robustness of this system are verified through simulations, and it is helpful to the long range UWA communication.

Ball Piston Pump Unit for Submarine Drainage and Fire Fighting

KE Zun-rong, AN Li, HUANG Dan, YOU Bu-dong, ZHANG Rui-hua, LI Xiao-bing

2011, 32(9):  1165-1170.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.023

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Aimed at some of shortcomings of the current submarine drainage pump package, su

Study on Optimization Method Based on Technology Readiness Assessment and Binary Particle Swarm Optimization forEquipment Test Design

HUANG Xin, LIAN Guang-yao, CHANG Tian-qing, XING Shi-yong

2011, 32(9):  1171-1176.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2011.09.024

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Aimed at the problems in the test design optimization for complex equipments, an optimization method based on technology readiness assessment (TRA) and binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) is put forward after analyzing the existing methods. It establishes the target optimization model for equipments according to the results of TRA, and then gets the optimization results by using the binary particle swarm optimization. The results can be used to testability design directly. Because the method comprises much more influence factors, its results are more optimal than others. The method is already used in certain equipment test design assistant system.