Table of Content

01 February 2013, Volume 34 Issue 2

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Research on Composite Adjustable Supercharged Program of Diesel Engine for Power Recovery at Plateau

HAN Kai, ZHU Zhen-xia, ZHANG Fu-jun, LI Yun-long, FU Geng, ZHANG Zhen-yu

2013, 34(2):  129-136.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.001

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1610KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to overcome the deterioration of engine performance at plateau, several forms of supercharged programs were discussed. A new project called composite adjustable supercharged program(CASP) was proposed, and the relevant simulation was carried out. A V-type supercharged diesel engine with 8 cylinders was adopted to establish the numerical models. Two plateau strategies and CASP were compared. The results demonstrate that CASP is effective to enhance the performance of engine at low speed dramatically. The rated power of CASP at plateau can recover to 89.7% of the plain level, and the maximal torque is decreased by 3.7%, while the speed adaptive coefficient rises up to 1.56.  After all, CASP is an effective project to recover the power of diesel engine at plateau.

Oil Pressure Control for Shifting Process of Off-road Vehicle with High-power Automatic Transmission

WANG Er-lie， TAO Gang， CHEN Liang， CHEN Hui-yan

2013, 34(2):  137-142.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.002

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1153KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A shifting hydraulic control system of highpower automatic transmission(AT) was analyzed in detail, the changing of the oncoming clutch was researched, and on this basis, a mathematical model of the slipping phase was established. The regulation rule of master oil pressure was addressed without oil pressure sensor. In order to consist with the vehicle load, the duty cycle of proportional solenoid was modified according to the throttle opening in practice. PWM also need to regulate dynamically on the feedback of the speed change of the oncoming clutch for good shifting quality. The suitability of the proposed approach was  thoroughly verified on a heavy off-load vehicle.

SINS Initial Alignment Algorithm Based on Inertial Frame Kalman Filtering for Marching Vehicles

MIAO Ling-juan， GAO Wei-xi， SHEN Jun， GUO Zi-wei

2013, 34(2):  143-148.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.003

Asbtract ( )   PDF (964KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

An alignment method with inertial frame based on gravity information was described. On this basis, the strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS) error equations which use the geocentric inertial frame as the navigation reference frame were deduced. A state model which matches the inertial frame alignment algorithm was established, and a novel SINS alignment algorithm based on inertial frame filtering for marching vehicles was proposed. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the initial alignment algorithm based on inertial frame filtering for marching vehicles can solve the problem of large interference angular velocity. Realtime filter scheme can further reduce the effect of the noise and improve the accuracy of initial alignment. Besides, compared with the alignment algorithm based on geographic frame filtering, it simplifies the model and reduces the computational complexity.

A Simulation Study of the Interior Ballistics of the New Piston Central Dispersing Machine

GUO Jin-yan1, WANG Hao2, HUANG Ming2, ZHANG Ding-shan3, WANG Gang-gang4

2013, 34(2):  149-153.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.004

Asbtract ( )   PDF (940KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to ensure high dispersing velocity of the submunitions in the low overload dispersing environment, a new piston central dispersing mechanism was devised and working process of the dispersing mechanism was researched. The characters of this kind of mechanism were as follows: the trust force from the piston to the submunition was transmitted by the beveled sabot; the powder burned in the highpressure chamber and the generated powder gas did work in the lowpressure chamber; the initial trust peak was reduced, and so on. According to the working principle of the piston central dispersing mechanism, the force analysis of piston, sabot and submunitions were carried out, and the interior ballistics model of the new mechanism was established. It is proved by the simulation calculation that, this new piston central dispersing mechanism not only can supply a dispersing velocity more than 50m/s, but also can control the overload of submunitions under 1000g. The interior ballistics model can be used to guide the design of the new piston central dispersing mechanism.

Influence of Buffer Device on Initial Disturbance of Missile System

LIU Xin-xin1,2， CHU Fu-lei1， XYU Hong-bin2

2013, 34(2):  154-161.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.005

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1779KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To study the influence of the buffer device on initial disturbances, a coupling multibody dynamic model of a missile system was built based on the Lagrange equation. The contact between the missile and launch tube was studied as well in this dynamic model. The simulation results agree with the experimental data. The dynamic responses and the initial disturbances were studied by considering the influences of thrust misalignment and clearance. By comparing the responses of system with and without buffer device, the result indicates that the buffer device could reduce the influence induced by initial disturbances.

Study on Combustion Wave Structure of Hydrogen Storage Alloy / AP / HTPB Propellant

DOU Yan-meng1, LI Guo-ping1, LUO Yun-jun1, GE Zhen1, YI Jian-hua2, ZHAO Feng-qi2

2013, 34(2):  162-167.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.006

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2960KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The flame structures, combustion surface temperature, quenched surface appearances, quenched surface relict elements and quenched surface relict compounds of Al/AP/HTPB propellant(P-A0), Al/hydrogen storage alloy/AP/HTPB propellant (P-A10) and hydrogen storage alloy/AP/HTPB propellant(P-A17) were researched by using  single frame photography, W-Re micro-thermal couple, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) methods. The results show that the combustion surface of P-A10 and P-A17 exhibits a stronger injection phenomena compared to P-A0; their surface temperatures are increased by 5.92℃ and 7.45℃, respectively, and their condensed phase reaction areas are increased by 13.13% and 47.30% separately in the presence of hydrogen storage alloy; The quenched surface of P-A17 is neat relatively, and the swell surface of alloy group is mostly oxidized; The amount of carbon left behind on quenched surfaces of P-A10 and P-A17 is lowed by 15.81% and 27.61% separately, which proves that combustion efficiency of AP/HTPB propellant organic components on the burning surface could be promoted by hydrogen storage alloy; The amount of Al on quenched surface changes from high to low and  when the amount of Al2O3 on quenched surface changes from low to high by the order of P-A0, P-A10 and P-A17, which proves that combustion efficiency of hydrogen storage alloy is higher than Al. Combustion properties of AP/HTPB propellant could be improved when using hydrogen storage alloy as combustion agent in place of Al.

A Visco-hyperelastic Constitutive Behaviour of NEPE Propellant

HU Shao-qing， JYU Yu-tao， CHANG Wu-jun， ZHOU Chang-sheng

2013, 34(2):  168-173.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.007

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1066KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To describe the mechanical behavior of NEPE propellant under finite deformation condition，a viscohyperelastic constitutive equation was proposed. The equation comprises two parts—a component based on Yeoh strain energy function to characterize the static hyperelastic behaviour, and another to define nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour. The tensile test and relaxation test were employed to determine the parameters in the constitutive relationship. The comparison between the predicted results based on the proposed model and the experimental results shows that it is able to aptly describe the viscohyperelastic behaviour of NEPE propellant.

Preparation and Study of Nano Octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine

LIU Jie, JIANG Wei, LI Feng-sheng, WANG Yi, ZHOU Sai, BAO Ke-wei

2013, 34(2):  174-180.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.008

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1652KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Nano octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) was prepared by the use of pulverized machine HLG50. The size distribution was traced by the nano laser particle size analyzer, and the particle size was characterized by SEM. The contaminants were detected by the use of FT-IR, Raman spectra, XRD and ICP-AES. The thermal decomposition of nano HMX was described by the TG/DSC simultaneous thermal analyzer. The friction, impact and shock

sensitivities were tested to indicate the stability. The result shows that the diameters of the most particles are less than 100nm and the impurities in the product were absolutely few. The peak temperature of its thermal decomposition decreased a little compared with the raw materials. The friction sensitivity reduced by a large margin, particularly the impact and the shock sensitivities decreased 132.6% and 60.0%, respectively. The stability increased so much that there would be a good application. By the way, the mechanism of reduced sensitivity was discussed.

Research on Rheological Properties of Two Types of Nitromethane Gelled Propellants

LYU Shao-yi1, SHAO Zi-qiang1, ZHAO Ming1, ZHANG Yun-hua1,WANG Wenjun1, WANG Fei-jun1, ZHAO Feng-qi2

2013, 34(2):  181-188.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.009

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2296KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The nitromethane(NM) gels were prepared by using fumed silica(SiO2) and carboxymethyl cellulose nitrate(CMCN) as gelled propellant, respectively. The formation mechanism of two types of gels and the difference of rheological properties between NM/SiO2 and NM/CMCN gels caused by the gel type were investigated. The yield stress, thixotropy, creep and thermosensitivity of two types of gels were investigated by linear rheological methods. The flow data and creep data of gels were fitted by using PowerLaw model, HerschelBulkley model and Burger model, respectively. The experimental results show that NM/SiO2 gel is a kind of accumulation gel agglomerated with small molecular aggregates formed by SiO2 particles with hydrogen bonds, while NM/CMCN propegel is a physical gel with a crosslinking network structure which is formed by noncovalent interaction of hydrophobic bonds and interchain hydrogen bonds between amphiphilic group along the macromolecular chain of CMCN and small organic molecules. The nonNewton coefficient n of two types of gels are all less than 0.60. Compared with NM/CMCN gel, NM/SiO2 gel has higher yield stress, shear thinning, elastic compliance and elastic responsivity, and lower thixotropy recovery and internal friction. The gel strength of NM/SiO2 is become stronger at higher temperature and lower temperature.

Multiscale Numerical Simulation of Shock Heating of Granular Explosives

ZHANG Xin-ming, WU Yan-qing, HUANG Feng-lei

2013, 34(2):  189-196.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.010

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1180KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A multiscale model and Arrhenius reaction rate equation are used to analyze the compaction processes in granular high-explosive HMX. Analysis of the steady-state wave structure indicates that for subsonic compaction wave, the model variables, such as solid volume fraction, pressure, density, transit from the initial value to the equilibrium state smoothly. The evolution of the grain temperature shows that the peak hot spot temperature near the intergranular contact surface, which exceeds the melting temperature, would trigger chemical reaction although the bulk average temperature is very low. In case of chemical reaction, the piston speed needed to stimulate chemical reaction for the same initial conditions is higher due to solid-liquid phase change which consumes part of the bulk compaction work. At last, numerical experiments were performed to determine the model sensitivity to variations in key energy localization parameters.

A Steiner Tree-based Strategy for Repairing Large-scale  Damaged Minefield Network

DONG Wen1， FANG Xiang1， FAN Lei1， YANG Li1， LEI Zhi-gang2

2013, 34(2):  197-202.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.011

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1001KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Due to the harsh battlefield surroundings and violent nature of intelligent minefield network applications, the minefield network sometimes suffers a largescale damage that involves several nodes and would thus create multiple disjoint partitions. A novel strategy for repairing such damage was investigated by modeling this problem as Steiner minimum tree problem. At first, a grid model of minefield area that limits the search space to a more manageable size was proposed. And then, according to combinated optimization algorithm of quantum discrete particle swarm optimization(QDPSO) and jumping frogs optimization(JFO), the position of relay nodes was confirmed and the minefield network was repaired. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed recovery algorithm which has less computational time. Compared with the other algorithms, the proposed algorithm obtains more promising results in the average path length and the network life cycle.

Research on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of  Sandstone at High Temperature

WANG Peng1, XYU Jin-yu1,2, LIU Shi1, CHEN Teng-fei1

2013, 34(2):  203-208.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.012

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2707KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) testing system was constructed to study the mechanical properties of sandstone at high temperature. The dynamic compression loading tests of sandstone with temperature rate varying from 25 ℃ to 1 000 ℃ were carried out to study the relationship among the dynamic mechanical properties, such as peak stress, failure strain, elastic modulus, and temperature. The experimental results show that the relationship of the mechanical properties of sandstone with the temperature changes sharply at 100 ℃ and 200 ℃.With the increase of temperature, the peak stress and the elastic modulus all gradually decrease, while the failure strain increases when the temperature is over 200 ℃. The mechanical properties deteriorate rapidly with the increase of temperature when the temperature is above 600 ℃. In the sight of microstructure characteristics of sandstone, the mechanical properties of sandstone at high temperature were analyzed. It is found that the micro mechanism that the destruction of high temperature to the sandstone changes sharply with the increase of temperature. The research conclusions can provide references for analyzing the dynamic mechanical behavior of the country rock of underground projects at high temperature.

Study on the Reaction of Hexamine and Acetic Acid System by Online Infrared Spectrum Technology

YAO Bing-jie1,2, JIN Shao-hua1, CHEN Shu-sen1, SHI Yan-shan1, LI Li-jie1, FAN Hong-yi1

2013, 34(2):  209-216.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.013

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2471KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In the process of HMX commercial production, acetic acid is recycled, which may contain impurities such as HNO3 and H2O, so the reaction of acetic acid with hexamine may influence the stability of HMX production process. The online infrared spectrum technology was used to study the reaction of the hexamine and acetic acid system. The results show that, after the hexamine is added in the acetic acid, new N—H bond absorption peaks appear at the range of 2700~2300cm-1, —CO-2 absorption peak appears at 1557cm-1, the hexamine C—N absorption peaks at 671cm-1 and 809cm-1 are shifted, the acetic acid O—H bond absorption peak at 3023cm-1 is shifted. The hexamine reacts with acetic acid to form the salt. The structures of hexamine, acetic acid and the hexamine acetate were optimized by use of Gaussian package. The results show that the hexamine acetate is stable. Gaussian simulation results are consistent with the experimental results.

Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Depth ADRC Based on Genetic Algorithm Near Surface

HU Kun, ZHANG Xiao-fang, LIU Chang-bo

2013, 34(2):  217-222.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.014

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1133KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A kind of auto disturbance rejection controller(ADRC) based on genetic algorithm for keeping UUV depth was designed according to the characteristics of UUV maneuvering. Because of more parameters of ADRC, its parameter design was transformed to parameter optimization. The controller parameter of ADRC in a UUV depth control system was optimized by using the genetic algorithm. The depth control of UUV was simulated without disturbing and near the surface. The simulation results show that the ADRC controller has better depth keeping and antijamming performances. Compared with the conventional PID controller, the amplitude and the frequency of steering controlled by ADRC controller are reduced much more obviously. The control quality of ADRC is significantly improved.

Numerical Calculation of Hydrodynamics of AUV with the Complex Shape Appendage

WANG Peng，NING Teng-fei，DU Xiao-xu，MENG Peng

2013, 34(2):  223-228.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.015

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3068KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

It is a technical difficulty to calculate the hydrodynamic parameters when autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) carries some complex shape appendages(equipment). The general hydrodynamics simulation software CFX and the SST turbulence model were used to calculate the hydrodynamics of AUV with CTD and GPS/Beidou antennas, obtain the AUV hydrodynamic variation of three models and analyze the influence of different appendages on the hydrodynamics of AUV. The results show that the horizontal of AUV with appendages is asymmetric, the pressure and speed change rapidly at the appendages, resulting in the great change of AUV hydrodynamic parameters and the flow field. The numerical results provide a reference frame for the engineering design of AUV.

Research on Timespace Transform Technology Using a Single Vector Hydrophone

LIANG Guo-long，MA Wei，FAN Zhan，WANG Yi-lin

2013, 34(2):  229-234.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.016

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3068KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A new signal processing technology based on single vector hydrophone was proposed. The method equivalently constructs a virtual aperture of a half wavelength distance uniform linear array from a single vector hydrophone by decomposing the timedomain sample data of different channels of the hydrophone. Compared with a single vector hydrophone, the virtual array has a narrower space beam. Azimuth of spatial target can be estimated using the virtual array snapshots for wideband or narrowband signal in frequency domain or time domain. The new method is robust for no need of a correction of array manifold. The theoretic amalysis and the computer simulation show that the new algorithm has a better performance of estimating a narrowband or wideband signal in the isotropic noise field compared to single vector hydrophone MUSIC algorithm.

Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition of New Energetic Materials NONHT and NONsHT

FU Zhan-da1， WANG Yang1， LI Jin-shan2, CHEN Fu-xue1

2013, 34(2):  235-239.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.017

Asbtract ( )   PDF (943KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

2-(3-nitro-1,2,4-oxadiazole)imino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (NONHT) and 2-(3-nitro-1,2,4-oxadiazole)imino -5-nitroso-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (NONsHT) were prepared by using nitration of the Mannich condensation product of NOG, tertbutylamine and formaldehyde. All of the compounds were characterized with IR, -1-H NMR, -13-C NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The thermal behaviors of NONHT and NONsHT were studied by using multiple heating differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Their thermal decomposition kinetic parameters and thermodynamic parameters were calculated by using Kissinger, Ozawa and other methods. The results show that the thermal stability of NONHT is better than that of NONsHT. Their much higher decomposition temperatures than NNHT indicate that the introduction of 3-nitro-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring can improve the thermal stability significantly.

Experimental Investigation on Combustion Characteristic of PMMA in Solid Fuel Ramjet

XIE Ai-yuan1, WU Xiao-song1, XIA Qiang1,2

2013, 34(2):  240-245.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.018

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1303KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The combustion characteristics of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the SFRJ were investigated using a direct tube test facility. The effect of factors, such as fuel port diameter, aft-mixing combustion chamber pressure, and air mass flow rate, on regression rate and performance was investigated. The pressure, temperature, local regression rate and their average value were got. The results show that the fuel mean regression rate decreases with the increase in fuel port diameter, but the aft-mixing combustion chamber pressure and temperature were enhanced. In addition, the pressure and temperature of aft-mixing combustion chamber decreased under the condition of low pressure (less than 0.8 MPa), but this effect was limited. It is first found that an erosion effect phenomenon is produced in the SFRJ combustion chamber when the fuel port diameter is smaller (Dp<=30mm).

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of the Shockwave Sensitivity of Composite Charge Explosive

XIANG Mei1， HUANG Yi-min2， RAO Guo-ning1， PENG Jin-hua1

2013, 34(2):  246-250.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.019

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1119KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The influence of composite charge of insensitive high explosive(IHE) and high explosive(HE) on the shock sensitivity was investigated through the gap tests of different explosive charge structures. It is shown that there is first order exponential relationship between shock sensitivity and height ratio. The gap test of composite charge was simulated using an explicit finite element program. The simulating results are identical with the data obtained from the experiment. The detonation reaction boundary values of Al, plexiglass, steel and unreacted JB-9014 explosive were obtained and compared.

Study on the Extrusion-cast Booster and Charging Process for the Small Grooved Channel

WU Kai, LIU Yu-cun, LIU Deng-cheng, YUAN Jun-ming, WANG Jian-hua

2013, 34(2):  251-256.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.02.020

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2752KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

For the logic initiation network, the HMXbased plastic explosive was made as an extrusion-cast booster and filled up into linear channel in the way of repeated sections. The charge and explosion performances were studied from the particle size of HMX, the content of Viton A, and the sorts of plasticizer through the orthogonal test. The test results show that the extrusion-cast process in the experiment is fit for charge for the small grooved channel. The charge is compact and uniform. 97 percent of fine HMX is not fit for the charge. The shaping of extrusion-cast booster becomes bad in the case of binder being lower than 3 percent. The plasticization effects of plasticizers C2 and C3 are better. Under the premise of high enough HMX density, fine HMX being at a certain proportion of the whole HMX is the key to reliable booster. The extrusion-cast booster composing of 47.5 percent of E HMX, 47.5 percent of fine HMX, 5 percent of Viton A and 2 percent of plasticizer C3 is the best formula. The charge density is 1.44g/cm3. The average detonation velocity is 6959m/s in the grooved channel which is 1mm×1mm of section size. The linear critical diameter is 0.5mm.