The Failure Patterns of Concrete Slabs with Different Aggregate Gradations under Contact Blast Loading

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0282

Abstract

Abstract:

A three-dimensional meso-scale model of concrete slabs with randomly distributed aggregates based on Voronoi technology is presented, and the finite element software is employed to simulate the dynamic response and damage of concrete slabs under contact blast loading. The proposed model takes into account the mesoscopic factors such as aggregate size, volume fraction and gradation, and provides accurate insights into the influence of high-strength aggregate and low-strength mortar on the dynamic mechanical properties of concrete. Compared with the referenced experimental results, the model can be used to predict the crater size and failure pattern of concrete slab under the contact blast loading. Furthermore, the influence of aggregate gradation on the plastic deformation and failure patterns of concrete slabs is studied, and the influence mechanism of aggregates in the explosion response process of concrete slab is discussed. The results show that the spherical characteristic of the shock wave propagating in concrete slab is disturbed by aggregates, which leads to a random damage distribution. The aggregate gradation has little effect on the concrete slabs with the aggregate distribution of continuous gradation or discontinuous gradation. Both of them have the same failure pattern with obvious spalling characteristics, and the damage degree also has little different. However, the blast response of concrete slab is significantly influenced when only the single gradation of aggregate is considered, and it presents obvious penetrating characteristics. The concrete slab with single gradated aggregate has stronger binding force, which reduces the plastic deformation of the concrete. The research result provides important theoretical and engineering application values for the evaluation of anti-explosion performance and structural optimization design of concrete at the meso-scale level.

Key words: concrete slab, contact blast, meso-scale model, aggregate gradation, failure pattern

CLC Number:

TJ301

QI Xiaopeng, ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Tingting, WANG Zhiyong, WANG Zhihua. The Failure Patterns of Concrete Slabs with Different Aggregate Gradations under Contact Blast Loading[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3641-3653.

Figures/Tables 26

Fig.1 Finite element model of concrete

Table 1 Material parameters of explosive[25]

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	1630	R₁	4.15
D/(m·s^-2)	6930	R₂	0.9
P/GPa	21	ω	0.35
A/GPa	374	E₀/GPa	6
B/GPa	3.474

Table 2 Material parameters of air[26]

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ_a/(kg·m^-3)	1.29	C₀/MPa	-0.101
γ	1.4	E/MPa	0.25

Fig.2 Comparison of uniaxial compressive stress-strain curves with different mesh sizes

Fig.3 Stress-strain curve of concrete under the uniaxial compression

Table 3 Material parameters and failure criteria of aggregate

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	2660	ε_max	0.01
ν	0.16	ε_min	-0.02
f_t/MPa	16	R_s	0.3937
f_c/MPa	160	U_c	1.45×10⁷

Table 4 Material parameters and failure criteria of mortar

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	2280	ε_max	0.011
ν	0.22	ε_min	-0.04
f_t/MPa	4	R_s	0.3937
f_c/MPa	40	U_c	1.45×10⁷

Fig.4 Finite element model of experimental concrete slab

Fig.5 Predicted failure results of concrete slabs with different mesh sizes

Fig.6 Comparison of simulated and experimental failure morphologies of concrete slab under contact explosion

Table 5 Comparison of simulated and experimental results

参数	数值模拟	现场实验	相对误差/%
迎爆坑直径d_c/mm	490	540	-9.3
迎爆坑深度h_c/mm	55	85	-35.2
背爆坑直径d_s/mm	880	900	-2.2
背爆坑深度h_s/mm	125	140	-10.7

Table 6 Gradation combination of coarse aggregate%

粒组	LJ-1	JJ-1	DJ-1
5~20mm	20	0	0
20~40mm	20	50	0
40~60mm	30	0	0
60~80mm	30	50	100

Fig.7 Meso-scale models of concrete slabs with different aggregate gradations

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of support setting for concrete slab

Fig.9 Evolution process of effective plastic strain of concrete slab (1/4 model)

Table 7 Failure of concrete slabs under contact explosion loading with a charge of 150g TNT

Table 8 Failure of concrete slabs under contact explosion loading with a charge of 300g TNT

Table 9 Failure of concrete slabs under contact explosion loading with a charge of 450g TNT

Table 10 Failure of concrete slabs with different aggregate gradations

编号	炸药量/g	迎爆面		背爆面
编号	炸药量/g	d_c/mm	h_c/mm	d_s/mm	h_s/mm
LJ-1	150	320	25	573	75
J J-1	150	340	30	511	85
DJ-1	150	330	105	383	110
LJ-1	300	449	30	621	104
J J-1	300	437	35	570	110
DJ-1	300	425	贯穿	481	贯穿
LJ-1	450	497	30	800	136
J J-1	450	511	35	800	153
DJ-1	450	493	贯穿	538	贯穿

Fig.10 Regional division of the limited thickness concrete slab subjected to point-source explosion[3]

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of aggregate filling effect

Fig.12 Time-history curves of aggregate internal energy

Table 11 Stress distribution of aggregates within DJ-1 slab, JJ-1 slab and LJ-1 slab

Fig.13 The positions of points E, F and G in the LJ-1, JJ-1 and DJ-1 slabs

Fig.14 Pressure-time curves at points E, F and G

Fig.15 Pressure-time curves of mortar, aggregate and elements around the aggregate

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