Rheological Property of Double-base Propellant in SC-CO2 Assisted Extrusion Process

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0023

Abstract

Abstract:

To partially substitute the organic solvents used in the extrusion process of propellant, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) was introduced into the extrusion process of propellant. Owing to its solvent properties that sharply changing near the critical point, SC-CO₂ is rapidly removed from the product after plasticization, paving the way for the complete replacement of organic solvents by SC-CO₂. Shear viscosity is adopted as a parameter to reflect the rheological property, and an in-line slit rheometer is used to measure the shear viscosity of material and obtain the rheological curves to investigate the rheological properties of material under various process conditions. The results indicate that the rheological behavior of material in the extrusion process of SC-CO₂ assisted double-base propellant can be described by power-law model. The viscosity of material decreases significantly due to the introduction of SC-CO₂. And the introduction of SC-CO₂ decreases the viscous coefficient of double-base propellant by 17.10% at the content of 4.67 wt%, reflecting the excellent plasticizing effect of SC-CO₂ on the double-base propellant. The plasticizing effect provided by increasing the parameter values is limited as the process parameters such as SC-CO₂ content, solvent content, and temperature increase.

Key words: double-base propellant, supercritical carbon dioxide, extrusion molding, plasticization, rheological property

CLC Number:

TQ562

HU Qipeng, YANG Kun, ZHANG He, LI Chunzhi, YING Sanjiu, XIAO Zhongliang. Rheological Property of Double-base Propellant in SC-CO₂ Assisted Extrusion Process[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(5): 1593-1601.

Figures/Tables 15

Table 1 Experimental materials and equipment

名称	规格	来源
混合酯吸收药片	NC content: 55wt%	泸州北方化学工业有限公司
丙酮	分析纯	国药集团化学试剂有限公司
乙醇	分析纯	国药集团化学试剂有限公司
CO₂	≥99.99%	南京文达特种气体有限公司
捏合机	2L	江苏国贸减速机有限公司
SC-CO₂辅助挤出成型设备	30 mm	无锡金凯盛机械制造有限公司

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of SC-CO2 assisted extrusion equipment

Fig.2 Effect of SC-CO2 on the rheological property of double-base propellant

Fig.3 Rheological curves of double-base propellants with various SC-CO2 contents

Table 2 Power law equation of double-base propellants with various SC-CO2 contents

SC-CO₂/wt%	方程	n	R²
0.93	η=58.42· $γ · - 0.937$	0.063	0.99997
1.87	η=54.79· $γ · - 0.924$	0.076	0.99997
2.80	η=53.52· $γ · - 0.921$	0.079	0.99982
3.74	η=49.74· $γ · - 0.907$	0.093	0.99994
4.67	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999

Table 2 Power law equation of double-base propellants with various SC-CO2 contents

SC-CO₂/wt%	方程	n	R²
0.93	η=58.42· $γ · - 0.937$	0.063	0.99997
1.87	η=54.79· $γ · - 0.924$	0.076	0.99997
2.80	η=53.52· $γ · - 0.921$	0.079	0.99982
3.74	η=49.74· $γ · - 0.907$	0.093	0.99994
4.67	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999

Fig.4 Rheological curves of double-base propellants/SC-CO2 with various solvent contents

Table 3 Power law equation of double-base propellant/ SC-CO2 with various solvent contents

溶剂/wt%	方程	n	R²
25	η=58.48· $γ · - 0.909$	0.091	0.99994
28	η=52.55· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99989
31	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999
34	η=49.20· $γ · - 0.911$	0.089	0.99999
37	η=47.20· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99974

Table 3 Power law equation of double-base propellant/ SC-CO2 with various solvent contents

溶剂/wt%	方程	n	R²
25	η=58.48· $γ · - 0.909$	0.091	0.99994
28	η=52.55· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99989
31	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999
34	η=49.20· $γ · - 0.911$	0.089	0.99999
37	η=47.20· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99974

Fig.5 Rheological curves of double-base propellants/SC-CO2 with various temperature

Table 4 Power law equation of double-base propellant/SC-CO2 at various temperatures

温度/℃	方程	n	R²
39	η=53.71· $γ · - 0.913$	0.087	0.99997
42	η=52.55· $γ · - 0.912$	0.088	0.99996
45	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999
48	η=48.58· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99991
51	η=47.52· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99999

Table 4 Power law equation of double-base propellant/SC-CO2 at various temperatures

温度/℃	方程	n	R²
39	η=53.71· $γ · - 0.913$	0.087	0.99997
42	η=52.55· $γ · - 0.912$	0.088	0.99996
45	η=49.29· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99999
48	η=48.58· $γ · - 0.902$	0.098	0.99991
51	η=47.52· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99999

Table 5 Power law equation of double-base propellant with various solvent contents

溶剂/wt%	方程	n	R²
28	η=62.46· $γ · - 0.922$	0.078	0.99994
31	η=59.46· $γ · - 0.915$	0.085	0.99997
34	η=53.55· $γ · - 0.894$	0.106	0.99996
37	η=53.72· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99985
40	η=49.33· $γ · - 0.899$	0.101	0.99999

Table 5 Power law equation of double-base propellant with various solvent contents

溶剂/wt%	方程	n	R²
28	η=62.46· $γ · - 0.922$	0.078	0.99994
31	η=59.46· $γ · - 0.915$	0.085	0.99997
34	η=53.55· $γ · - 0.894$	0.106	0.99996
37	η=53.72· $γ · - 0.905$	0.095	0.99985
40	η=49.33· $γ · - 0.899$	0.101	0.99999

Fig.6 Effect of solvent content on the rheological property of double-base propellant

Table 6 Exponential equation of double-base propellant about solvent content

剪切速率/s^-1	方程	R²
10	η=11.37·e^-1^.⁴⁸^φ	0.96676
15	η=7.67·e^-1^.⁴⁰^φ	0.96488
20	η=5.80·e^-1^.³⁵^φ	0.95998
25	η=4.67·e^-1^.³⁰^φ	0.95364
30	η=3.91·e^-1^.²⁷^φ	0.94654
35	η=3.37·e^-1^.²⁴^φ	0.93902
40	η=2.96·e^-1^.²²^φ	0.93127

Table 7 Exponential equation of double-base propellant/SC-CO2 about SC-CO2 content

剪切速率/ s^-1	SC-CO₂/wt%
剪切速率/ s^-1	0.93	1.87	2.80	3.74	4.67
10	35.2	37.5	38.6	40.3	41.2
15	36.2	38.3	39.4	40.8	41.6
20	36.8	38.7	39.8	40.9	41.7
25	37.7	39.4	40.4	41.4	42.1
30	38.0	39.6	40.6	41.4	42.0
35	38.6	40.0	41.1	41.7	42.3
40	38.9	40.2	41.2	41.7	42.2

Table 8 Exponential equation of double-base propellant/SC-CO2 about solvent content

剪切速率/ s^-1	溶剂/wt%
剪切速率/ s^-1	25	28	31	34	37
10	30.8	37.4	41.2	42.8	44.2
15	30.7	37.6	41.6	43.5	44.7
20	30.5	37.6	41.7	43.8	44.9
25	30.6	37.9	42.1	44.4	45.4
30	30.4	37.8	42.0	44.6	45.4
35	30.5	38.0	42.3	45.0	45.8
40	30.3	37.9	42.2	45.1	45.8

Table 9 Exponential equation of double-base propellant/SC-CO2 about temperature

剪切速率/ s^-1	温度/℃
剪切速率/ s^-1	39	42	45	48	51
10	37.1	38.5	41.2	42.2	44.2
15	37.6	38.9	41.6	42.6	44.8
20	37.7	39.1	41.7	42.7	45.0
25	38.2	39.6	42.1	43.2	45.6
30	38.2	39.7	42.0	43.2	45.7
35	38.5	40.0	42.3	43.4	46.1
40	38.5	40.0	42.2	43.4	46.1

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Rheological Property of Double-base Propellant in SC-CO₂ Assisted Extrusion Process

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