High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Barrel Materials

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0901

Abstract

Abstract:

With the increase in firepower strike requirements and the development of high-powered artillery, the high-temperature oxidation of barrel materials is becoming more and more serious, which seriously affects the performance of weapon and even leads to the scrapping of weapon.However, there is little research on the anti-oxidation performance of barrel materials at present.In this paper, the oxidation resistances and oxidation mechanisms of three barrel materials, i.e.,PCrNi3MoVA steel. 30SiMn2MoVA steel and MPS700 steel, at 600℃ in airare investigated. The cross-sectional morphology and phases of the oxide layers are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The oxidation kinetics of three barrrel materials were analyzed. The results show that the oxide film thicknesses of the three steels gradually thicken and the rate of increaseinthickness gradually decreaseswith the increase in oxidation time. The oxidation kinetics curves of the three barrel materials are consistent with the parabolic growth kinetics law of oxide film. At 600℃, the internal oxide layer of PCrNi3MoVA steel forms an adhesive layer of a network structure consisting mainlyof Ni and Cr-richspinel oxides but theadhesive layerdoes not act as a barrier against oxidation.The inner layer of oxide layer of 30SiMn2MoVA steel is a porous aggregation zone of Si element oxide with a loose structure and relatively serious oxide flaking.The internal oxide layer of MPS700 steel forms a protective Cr-rich oxide layer that effectively prevents further oxidation. At the same time, Mo element stabilises the passivation film and indirectly improves oxidation resistance. Compared with PCrNi3MoVA steel and 30SiMn2MoVA steel, MPS700 steel can better form a dense oxidized layer under high temperature condition, so as to reduce the high temperature oxidation and wear degree of the matrix under high temperature conditions. MPS700 steel is more suitable for the preparation of long life and high reliability barrel.

Key words: barrel material, high-temperature oxidation, oxide layer, alloying element

CLC Number:

TG14

ZHANG Cheng, ZHANG Yuqi, WEN Xiangli, BAI Pengpeng, MENG Yonggang, MA Liran, TIAN Yu. High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Barrel Materials[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(4): 1354-1362.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Chemical composition of the teststeels %

钢号	C	Si	Mn	Cr	Ni	Mo	V	W	P	S	Fe
PCrNi3MoVA	0.38	0.24	0.40	1.40	3.10	0.41	0.16		<0.015	<0.015	余量
30SiMn2MoVA	0.29	0.40	1.75		0.25	0.50	0.21		<0.015	<0.015	余量
MPS700	0.23	0.02	0.05	2.79	1.10	2.33	0.25	0.60	<0.015	<0.015	余量

Fig.1 Heat treatment process of three steels

Fig.2 Weight gain rates of test materials under 600℃ oxidation

Table 2 Oxidation kinetic equation

材料	氧化动力学方程	相关系数
PCrNi3MoVA钢	Δm²=0.90242t	0.98012
30SiMn2MoVA钢	Δm²=0.54339t	0.97683
MPS700钢	Δm²=0.39628t	0.98259

Table 3 Average mass change of test materials at different oxidation times

材料	氧化时间/h	平均质量/(mg·cm^-2)
	1	1.2
PCrNi3MoVA钢	3	1.8
	7	2.43
	10	2.91
	1	0.6
30SiMn2MoVA钢	3	1.32
	7	1.76
	10	2.51
	1	0.72
MPS700钢	3	1.24
	7	1.57
	10	1.96

Fig.3 XRD patterns of the samples oxidized for 10h at 600℃

Table 4 Average thickness of oxide layer ofteststeel oxidized for 10h

材料	氧化层平均厚度/μm
PCrNi3MoVA钢	20.71
30SiMn2MoVA钢	16.32
MPS700钢	13.64

Fig.4 SEM-EDS surface scanning of cross section of oxide layer of PCrNi3MoVA steel after high temperature oxidation

Fig.5 SEM-EDS surface scanning of cross section of oxide layer of 30SiMn2MoVA steel after high temperature oxidation

Fig.6 SEM-EDS surface scanning of cross section of oxide layer of MPS700 steel after high temperature oxidation

Table 5 Oxidation reactions of the elements in the test steels at 600℃

元素	反应式	ΔG/(kJ·mol^-1)
Fe	4/3 Fe+O₂(g)=2/3 Fe₂O₃	-393.846
Ni	2Ni+O₂(g)=2NiO	-319.296
Cr	4/3 Cr+O₂(g)=2/3Cr₂O₃	-602.199
Si	Si+O₂(g)=SiO₂	-752.543
Mn	2Mn+O₂(g)=2MnO	-641.350
Mo	2/3Mo+O₂(g)=2/3MoO₃	-349.097
	NiO+Fe₂O₃=NiFe₂O₄	-23.569
	NiO+Cr₂O₃=NiCr₂O₄	-6.635

Fig.7 Relationship between the free energy produced by the oxide and the temperature

Fig.8 Schematic diagrams of oxidation mechanisms of three materials at 600℃

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