Simulation of Falling-floating Process of Vehicle with Ellipsoidal Airbags

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0503

Abstract

Abstract:

A recovery scheme of vehicle with ellipsoidal airbags is proposed for the problem of model falling into the water at low speed in the underwater launch model test. The numerical simulation is based on Abaqus coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method, and the effectiveness of the numerical method is verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results of the AUV head section entering into the water. The motion process of the vehicle with airbags entering the water at low speed, the change of airbag pressure and the force of the connecting belt under the conditions of different attitude angles and different initial airbag pressures are analyzed. The results show that the attitude angle of vehicle is the most important factor affecting the falling-floating process, followed by the initial airbag pressure. For the maximum depth of falling into the water, the peak value of airbag pressure and the peak value of pulling force, the condition that tends to fall vertically is more dangerous, the maximum depth of falling into the water is 1.33 times the length of vehicle, the maximum airbag pressure is 3.7 times the baseline airbag pressure, and the maximum pulling force of connecting belt is 2.2 times the gravity of vehicle. These conclusions can provide a reference for the design of recovery scheme and structural parameters for the vehicles falling into the water.

Key words: vehicle, airbag, water-entry impact, coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method

CLC Number:

TJ63⁺1.7

BAO Jian, MA Guihui, SUN Longquan, CHEN Weichu, LI Ming. Simulation of Falling-floating Process of Vehicle with Ellipsoidal Airbags[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 206-218.

Figures/Tables 25

Table 1 Parameters of water

线性U_S-U_P方程参数			物理性质参数
c₀/(m·s^-1)	s	Γ₀	密度/(kg·m^-3)	动力黏度/(Pa·s)
1480	0	0	1000	0.001

Fig.1 Assembly diagram of physical model

Table 2 Parameters of air

MW	$a ~$	$b ~$	$c ~$	$d ~$	$e ~$
0.0289	28.11	1.967×10^-3	4.802×10^-6	-1.966×10^-9	0

Table 2 Parameters of air

MW	$a ~$	$b ~$	$c ~$	$d ~$	$e ~$
0.0289	28.11	1.967×10^-3	4.802×10^-6	-1.966×10^-9	0

Table 3 Main material parameters of each component

部件名称	密度/(kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比
航行体	1270	210	0.3
囊布	840	16	0.2
连接带	840	16	0.2

Fig.2 Mesh division of vehicle with airbags

Fig.3 Mesh division of Euler domain

Fig.4 Grid independence verification

Fig.5 Model of AUV head section

Fig.6 Numerical model of AUV head section entering water

Fig.7 Comparison of water-entry processes (The upper part shows the experimental results, and the lower part shows the simulation results)

Fig.8 Comparison of axial accelerations

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of motion parameters of vehicle at the initial time

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the numbering of connecting belts

Fig.11 Dimensionless velocity of vehicle with airbags vertically falling into the water

Fig.12 Vertically falling and floating processes of vehicle with airbags

Fig.13 Dimensionless vertical velocity of vehicle with airbags obliquely falling into the water

Table 4 Obliquely falling and floating processes of vehicle with airbags

Fig.14 Dimensionless airbag pressures at different attitude angles of vehicle with airbags when falling into the water

Fig.15 Dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

Table 5 Maximum dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

α/(°)	最大无量纲深度 $U ¯ m a x$	对应无量纲时刻 $t ¯$
20	-0.90	3.096
45	-0.97	3.026
70	-1.24	2.881
90	-1.33	3.083

Table 5 Maximum dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

α/(°)	最大无量纲深度 $U ¯ m a x$	对应无量纲时刻 $t ¯$
20	-0.90	3.096
45	-0.97	3.026
70	-1.24	2.881
90	-1.33	3.083

Fig.16 Dimensionless tension forces of one-side connecting belts at different attitude angles

Table 6 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belt at different attitude angles

姿态角α/(°)	最大无量纲拉力 $F ¯ m a x$	起主要作用的连接带编号
20	0.98	3和4
45	0.79	3和4
70	0.94	3和4
90	2.01	3

Table 6 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belt at different attitude angles

姿态角α/(°)	最大无量纲拉力 $F ¯ m a x$	起主要作用的连接带编号
20	0.98	3和4
45	0.79	3和4
70	0.94	3和4
90	2.01	3

Fig.17 Maximum dimensionless falling depths at different initial airbag pressures

Fig.18 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belts at different initial airbag pressures

Fig.19 Peak dimensionless pressures at different initial airbag pressures

References 20

[1]	夏维学. 圆柱体入水复合运动多相流动特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020.
	XIA W X. Study on multiphase flow characteristics in water-entry compound movement of cylinders[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020. (in Chinese)
[2]	ZHOU X, ZHOU S M, LI D K, et al. Research on design and cushioning performance of combined lunar landing airbag[J]. Acta Astronautica, 2022, 191: 55-78. doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2021.10.033 URL
[3]	MEDURI S, CREMONESI M, FRANGI A, et al. A Lagrangian fluid-structure interaction approach for the simulation of airbag deployment[J]. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 2022, 198: 103659. doi: 10.1016/j.finel.2021.103659 URL
[4]	尹礼航, 徐伟, 施亮, 等. 复合结构气囊隔振器动静态特性试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(19):187-192.
	YIN L H, XU W, SHI L, et al. Tests for dynamic and static characteristics of compound structure air spring[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(19):187-192. (in Chinese)
[5]	CADOGAN D, SANDY C, GRAHNE M. Development and evaluation of the MARS pathfinder inflatable airbag landing system[J]. Acta Astronautica, 2002, 50(10):633-640. doi: 10.1016/S0094-5765(01)00215-6 URL
[6]	BOWN N W, DARLEY M G. Advanced airbag landing systems for planetary landers[C]// Proceedings of the 18th AIAA Aerodynamic Decelerator Systems Technology Conference and Seminar.Munich,Germany:AIAA, 2005-1615: 1-16.
[7]	陈洋, 吴亮, 曾国伟, 等. 带环形密闭气囊弹体入水冲击过程的数值分析[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2018, 38(5):1155-1164.
	CHEN Y, WU L, ZENG G W, et al. Numerical analysis of the water entry process of a projectile with a circular airbag[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2018, 38(5):1155-1164. (in Chinese)
[8]	孙潘, 李斌, 温金鹏, 等. 水下无人航行器折叠气囊充气展开特性模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(12):2540-2549. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.12.020
	SUN P, LI B, WEN J P, et al. Simulation of inflatable deployment characteristics of folding airbags for underwater unmanned vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(12): 2540-2549. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.12.020
[9]	张晓光, 李斌, 党会学, 等. 水下航行体充气上浮仿真方法研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(7):1249-1261. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.07.001
	ZHANG X G, LI B, DANG H X, et al. A simulation method for inflatable floating of underwater vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(7):1249-1261. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.07.001
[10]	孙龙泉, 王都亮, 李志鹏, 等. 基于CEL方法的航行体高速入水泡沫铝缓冲装置降载性能分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(20):80-88.
	SUN L Q, WANG D L, LI Z P, et al. Analysis on load reduction performance of foamed aluminum buffer device for high speed water entry of vehicle based on a CEL method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(20): 80-88. (in Chinese)
[11]	VON KARMAN T. The impact on seaplane floats during landing:NACA-TN-321[R]. Washington,D.C., US: National Advisory Committee, 1929: 19930081174.
[12]	ROSS S, HICKS P D. A comparison of pre-impact gas cushioning and Wagner theory for liquid-solid impacts[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2019, 31(4):042101. doi: 10.1063/1.5086510 URL
[13]	ARISTOFF J M, BUSH J W M. Water entry of small hydrophobic spheres[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2009, 619:45-78. doi: 10.1017/S0022112008004382 URL
[14]	SUI Y T, LI S, MING F R, et al. An experimental study of the water entry trajectories of truncated cone projectiles: the influence of nose parameters[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2022, 34(5):052102. doi: 10.1063/5.0089366 URL
[15]	王浩宇, 李木易, 程少华, 等. 航行体高速入水问题研究综述[J]. 宇航总体技术, 2021, 5(3):65-70.
	WANG H Y, LI M Y, CHENG S H, et al. Review of vehicle’s high speed water entry[J]. Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology, 2021, 5(3):65-70. (in Chinese)
[16]	SUN L Q, WANG D L, CHEN Y Y, et al. Numerical and experimental investigation on the oblique water entry of cylinder[J]. Science Progress, 2020, 103(3):0036850420940889.
[17]	权晓波, 包健, 孙龙泉, 等. 基于耦合欧拉-拉格朗日算法的航行体缓冲头帽冲击性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(4):851-860. doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0168
	QUAN X B, BAO J, SUN L Q, et al. Impact performance of cushion nose cap of underwater vehicle based on CEL method[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(4):851-860. (in Chinese) doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0168
[18]	HSU C Y, LIANG C C, TENG T L, et al. A numerical study on high-speed water jet impact[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2013, 72:98-106. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2013.06.012 URL
[19]	林赓. 气囊结构落水砰击瞬态流固耦合特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2016.
	LIN G. Study of characteristic of transient fluid-structure interaction of structures with airbags slamming[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2016. (in Chinese)
[20]	CHAUDHRY A Z, SHI Y, PAN G, et al. Mechanical characterization of flat faced deformable AUV during water entry impact considering the hydroelastic effects[J]. Applied Ocean Research, 2021, 115:102849. doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2021.102849 URL