Damage Characteristics of Ship’s Double Bottom Structure Subjected to Underwater Explosion

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0390

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the damage characteristics of a ship’s double bottom structure subjected to underwater explosion. Experiments on the interaction between the electric spark bubble and the ship’s double bottom structure with a hole are carried out. The pulsation characteristics of the bubble are captured by a high-speed camera, and the experiment is simulated by LS-DYNA to verify the effectiveness of the numerical model. Then, the finite element model of the full-scale cabin is established. By changing the explosion distance and water level between the double bottoms and designing 15 simulation scenarios, the damage characteristics of the double bottom structure subjected to shock wave and bubble loads are analyzed. The results show that: when the explosion distance is small, the outer bottom is broken, and the expansion of the "inner bubble" intensifies the tearing of the outer bottom and causes the plastic deformation of the inner bottom; when the explosion distance is large, the outer bottom only deforms and contacts with the inner bottom, driving the deformation of the inner bottom at the same time; when the water level between the two bottoms is low, the shock wave load attenuation is large with a small damage to the inner bottom, and the expansion of the "inner bubble" plays a major role in the deformation of the inner bottom; when the water level between the two bottoms is high, the shock wave load attenuation is small, the shock wave and bubble pulsation loads propagate through the water medium and act on the inner bottom, whose combined action causes its deformation.

Key words: underwater explosion, double bottom structure, bubble load, damage characteristics

CHEN Yanwu, SUN Yuanxiang, WANG Cheng. Damage Characteristics of Ship’s Double Bottom Structure Subjected to Underwater Explosion[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(3): 670-681.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig. 1 Schematic of experimental model of double-bottom structure with a prefabricated hole

Table 1 Material models and equation of state parameters of water and air

材料	ρ₀/(kg·m^-3)	C₀/GPa	C₁/GPa	C₂/GPa	C₃/GPa	C₄	C₅	C₆	E/GPa
空气	1.29	0	1.01×10^-4	0	0	0.4	0.4	0	2.53×10^-4
水	1.00×10³	1.01×10^-4	2.036	8.432	8.014	0.493 4	1.393 7	0	2.05×10^-4

Table 2 Material model and equation of state parameters of the explosive

ρ₀/(kg·m^-3)	D_C-J/(m·s^-1)	p_C-J/GPa	E/GPa	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω
1630	6930	27.0	7.17	374.2	3.23	4.15	0.95	0.3

Fig. 2 Finite element model

Fig. 3 Bubble shape at different moments (experimental results)

Fig. 4 Bubble shape and flow field pressure at different moments (simulation results)

Fig. 5 Section dimension drawing of ship cabin model

Table 3 Numerical simulation results

工况	爆距 R	板间水位 h/cm	内底板最大挠度 w_im/cm	外底板最大挠度 w_om/cm	外底板破口半径 R_p/cm	外底板破口面积 S/m²	破口形状	舱段最大位移 s_m/cm
1	R₀	0	191.3		304.05	19.64	六边形	122.1
2	1.5 R₀	0	207.1		352.85	19.06	菱形	121.9
3	2 R₀	0	240.1		334.80	15.96	菱形	126.3
4	2.5 R₀	0	219.8		304.45	23.58	六边形	140.4
5	3 R₀	0	209.2	293.2			菱形	133.7
6	3.5 R₀	0	195.4	281.7				145.8
7	4 R₀	0	204.6	288.3				152.3
8	4.5 R₀	0	199.6	284.4				159.7
9	5.0 R₀	0	191.3	272.3				166.7
10	R₀	25	248.6		325.8	15.35	菱形	130.3
11	R₀	50	264.5		283.30	6.61	菱形	137.2
12	R₀	75	254.0		235.5	9.10	菱形	146.0
13	R₀	100	256.9		226.7	9.34	菱形	170.1
14	R₀	125	258.6		217.0	9.69	菱形	169.0
15	R₀	173	257.2		217.7	9.79	菱形	184.1

Fig. 6 Schematic of the definitions of explosion distance and water level between double bottoms

Fig. 7 Schematic of initial state and damaged state of cabin

Fig. 8 Schematic of the definition of maximum tear width

Fig. 9 Interaction between bubbles and the double bottoms at different moments (Scenario 3)

Fig. 10 Displacementtime history curves of inner plate and cabin (Scenario 3)

Fig. 11 Interaction between bubbles and the double-bottoms at different moments (Scenario 4)

Fig. 12 Interaction between bubbles and the double bottoms at different moments (Scenario 8)

Fig. 13 Damage to structure under different explosion distances

Fig. 14 Interaction between bubble and hole (t=2 ms, Scenario 1~4)

Fig. 15 Time-history curves of deflection of inner bottom under different explosion distances

Fig. 16 Interaction between bubbles and the double bottoms at different moments (Scenario 14)

Fig. 17 Damage to structure under different water levels

Fig. 18 Deflection of inner bottom under different water levels

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