Dynamic Response of Honeycomb Sandwich Plate with Negative Poisson’s Ratio under Penetration

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0208

Abstract

Abstract:

With the intensification of war, projectiles pose a serious threat to high-value facilities, and improving the anti penetration performance of various facilities is particularly crucial. Study the anti penetration performance of 3D printed honeycomb sandwich structure through ballistic gun experiments and numerical simulation methods. Compare and analyze the dynamic response of 7 specimens through ballistic impact experiments. The sandwich structure consists of a Q345 steel top plate, a carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) back plate, and an aluminum alloy honeycomb core layer. Three honeycomb core configurations are compared experimentally: foam aluminum, positive hexagon and concave hexagon with Negative Poisson’s ratio effect. The results show that compared with the honeycomb sandwich structure with foam aluminum core and positive Poisson’s ratio, the honeycomb sandwich structure with Negative Poisson’s ratio has lower residual velocity and stronger penetration resistance. The dynamic response process of honeycomb sandwich structure with Negative Poisson’s ratio is obtained through numerical simulation. Through parameter analysis, the influence of cell inflection angle, back plate thickness and back plate type on the anti penetration performance of honeycomb sandwich structures with Negative Poisson’s ratio is further obtained. The numerical research results indicate that all three factors have a certain impact on the anti penetration performance of honeycomb sandwich structures. The non dominated genetic algorithm is used to optimize the honeycomb sandwich structure with initial Negative Poisson’s ratio, and its mass is reduced by 21.1% under the premise of ensuring the same ballistic limit speed.

Key words: honeycombsandwich structure, carbon fiber reinforced composite, Negative Poisson’s ratio, ballistic resistance, genetic algorithm

LIU Yan, WANG Baichuan, YAN Junbo, YAN Zichen, SHI Zhenqing, HUANG Fenglei. Dynamic Response of Honeycomb Sandwich Plate with Negative Poisson’s Ratio under Penetration[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(7): 1938-1953.

Figures/Tables 40

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of honeycomb and relevant dimensions(left: schematic diagram of the parameters; right:parameter dimensions)

Fig.2 Structural diagram of experimental components

Table 1 Size of honeycomb structure

结构	胞元角度 θ/(°)	胞元壁厚度 t/mm	水平胞元壁长度 L₁/mm	斜胞元壁长度 L₂/mm	整体质量/ kg	整体厚度/ mm
传统	60	0.5	5	2.5	0.787	38.1
内凹	60	0.5	5	2.5	0.834	38.1

Fig.3 Stress-strain curve of basic materials of the cell wall

Table 2 Typical mechanical properties of Q345 steel plate

顶板	屈服应力/MPa	极限应力/MPa	断裂应变
Q345钢	370	520	0.21

Table 3 Typical mechanical properties of CFRP

背板	抗拉强度/MPa	弹性模量/GPa	极限应变%
CFRP[0°/90°]	3140	260	1.2

Fig.4 Setting of the ballistic gun test device

Table 4 Field experiment results under various conditions

芯层类型	构型	面密度/ (g·cm^-2)	初始速度/ (m·s^-1)	毁伤情况	残余速度/ (m·s^-1)	冲击侧射孔直径/mm	后侧射孔参数/mm
泡沫铝^[19]	钢板-泡沫铝-CFRP	4.77	369.1	贯穿	152.8	7.73	11×27
			513.2	贯穿	256.8	7.61	39×73
			576.0	贯穿	299.0	7.85	54×110
正六边形结构	钢板-正六边形-CFRP	4.49	356.7	贯穿	67.4	7.70	16×29
内凹六边形结构	内凹六边形芯层	3.83	538.0	贯穿	237.0	7.81
	钢板-内凹六边形-CFRP	4.77	364.9	未贯穿	0(侵彻深度为31.3mm)	7.54	29×55
	钢板-内凹六边形-CFRP	4.77	616.2	贯穿	339.0	7.64	29×55

Fig.5 Velocity responses comparison at impact speeds around 370m/s

Fig.6 Velocity responses comparison at impact speeds above 500m/s

Fig.7 CT scan of cross-section of the honeycomb structure

Fig.8 Damage mode of a single cellular cell

Fig.9 Damage mode of the CFRP sheet of different specimens

Fig.10 Damage area of the CFRP sheet with of different specimens under different impact velocity conditions

Fig.11 Finite element model

Table 5 Characteristics of steel plate and Al-alloy honeycomb core

材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	杨氏模量/GPa	泊松比	屈服应力/ MPa	正切模量/ GPa	失效应变	DIF模型
Q345钢	7.8	200	0.3	基于参考文献[23]采用LCSS输入图12所示曲线			Malvar & Crawford模型^[22]
材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	杨氏模量/GPa	泊松比	屈服应力/ MPa	正切模量/ GPa	失效应变	DIF模型
铝合金	2.78	86.1	0.33	采用LCSS,输入基于图3测试应力-应变曲线			忽略

Fig.12 Stress-strain curve of Q345 steel

Fig.13 Finite element model of CFRP

Table 6 Material properties of CFRP

Table 7 Residual velocity of simulation and experimental results

类型	面板	弹道速度/ (m·s^-1)	残余速度/(m·s^-1)			偏差/%
类型	面板	弹道速度/ (m·s^-1)	v_{r_exp}	v_{r_num}	v_{r_num}/v_{r_exp}	偏差/%
泡沫铝	钢板-泡沫铝-CFRP	369.1	152.8	172	1.13	12.57
		513.2	256.8	220	0.86	-14.3
		576	299	265	0.89	-11.37
正六边形	钢板-正六边形-CFRP	356.7	67.4	85.7	1.27	27.15
内凹六边形	内凹六边形	538	237	265	1.12	11.81
	钢板-内凹六边形-CFRP	364.9	—(侵深为31.3mm)	—(侵深为35.7mm)	—(侵深之比为1.14)	14.06
		616.2	339	316	0.93	-6.78
		总体			1.05	14.01

Fig.14 Cross-section damage comparison (top: experimental penetration schematic diagram; bottom: simulated penetration schematic diagram)

Fig.15 Damage comparison of panels(experiment on the left and simulation on the right)

Fig.16 Process of projectile penetrating the concave hexagonal honeycomb sandwich plate

Fig.17 Energy absorbed by various parts of honeycomb structure with Negative Poisson’s ratio

Table 8 Effect of core configuration on ballistic limit and energy absorption

类型	弹道极限速度/ (m·s^-1)	极限时所吸收能量/J	弹道极限下单位质量吸收能量/ (J·kg^-1)
钢板-泡沫铝-CFRP	190	72.7	69.6
钢板-正六边形-CFRP	350	247	247.5
钢板-内凹六边形-CFRP	390	307	293.8

Fig.18 Effects of core configuration on ballistic limit and energy absorption

Fig.19 Velocity response of four types of honeycomb panels with ballistic impact

Fig.20 Ballistic limit velocity of different structures of the same area density

Fig.21 Cross-section of honeycomb with different cell angles

Table 9 Influence of core configuration on ballistic limit and energy absorption

胞元角度/ (°)	弹道极限速度/ (m·s^-1)	弹道极限时的吸收能量/J	弹道极限时单位质量的吸收能量/(J·kg^-1)
30	400	322	308.1
45	390	307	293.8
60	390	307	293.8

Fig.22 Ballistic limit and energy absorption at different angles

Fig.23 Damage modes of honeycomb sandwich structures with Negative Poisson’s ratio at different cell angles under 600m/s initial impact velocity

Table 10 Influence of CFRP panel thickness on ballistic limit and energy absorption

CFRP 面板厚度/ mm	弹道极限速度/ (m·s^-1)	弹道极限时吸收能量/J	弹道极限时单位质量所吸收能量/(J·kg^-1)
1	390	307	293.8
2	480	464	490.2
3	620	775	828.8

Fig.24 Influence of CFRP panel thickness on ballistic limit velocity and energy absorption

Fig.25 Comparison of ballistic limit velocities of sandwich structures with different panel thickness combinations

Table 11 Ballistic limits and energy absorption of honeycomb sandwich structure

背板类型	弹道极限速度/ (m·s^-1)	弹道极限时所吸收能量/J	弹道极限时单位质量所吸收能量/(J·kg^-1)
3mm CFRP	620	775	828.8
等面密度0.6mmQ345钢板	250	125	133.7
3mm等体积Q345钢板	320	206	220.3

Fig.26 Influence of rear panel type on ballistic limit and energy absorption

Fig.27 Comparison of damage modes between CFRP sheet and Q345 steel plate

Table 12 Ballistic limit velocity obtained by simulation and experiment

t₁/mm	t₂/mm	t₃/mm	θ/(°)	弹道极限速度/ (m·s^-1)
0.5	1.4	3	30	398
0.5	1.0	1	45	200
0.5	1.2	2	60	360
1.5	1.4	2	45	466
1.5	1.0	3	60	600
1.5	1.2	1	30	475
2.0	1.4	1	60	750
2.0	1.0	2	30	659.5
2.0	1.2	3	45	644
1.0	1.4	2	45	367
1.0	1.0	1	30	400
1.0	1.2	3	60	500

Fig.28 Fitness evolution process diagram

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