Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Reduction in Ambient Pressure on the Secondary Combustion of Base Bleed

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.03.010

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the mechanism of the decrease in drag reduction rate of base bleed in the subatmospheric pressure, a mathematical and physical model about the base flow with chemical non-equilibrium of base bleed is established. H₂-CO combustion model which consists of 10 components and 25 reactions is used for secondary combustion. Two-dimensional axisymmetric equations are programmatically computed using a set of uniform numerical process methods. The base flow field of base bleed is simulated. Simulation results are validated with experiment data. On this basis, the base flow field and combustion characteristics are numerically predicted. The results show that the added energy released from secondary combustion is 6.4 times of the added energy of hot base bleed. Secondary combustion is a key for energy increase and drag reduction. With the decrease of the ambient pressure, the combustion efficiency of H₂ decreases gradually in the annular recirculation zone of the tail of the model，meanwhile the intermediate product of H increases gradually. These make the secondary combustion become more and more insufficiency, resulting in decreasing significantly the drag reduction rate of base bleed.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, base bleed, secondary combustion, numerical simulation, base flow field, chemical non-equilibrium flow

CLC Number:

V211.3

YU Wen-jie， YU Yong-gang. Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Reduction in Ambient Pressure on the Secondary Combustion of Base Bleed[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(3): 443-450.

References

［1］丁则胜，邱光纯，刘亚飞，等．固体燃料底部排气空气动力研究[J]．空气动力学学报, 1991, 9(3):300-307．
DING Ze-sheng, QIU Guang-chun, LIU Ya-fei, et al. An aerodynamic investigation of base bleed by solid fuel[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 1991, 9(3):300-307. (in Chinese)
［2］ Mathur T, Dutton J C. Velocity and turbulence measurements in a supersonic base flow with mass bleed[J]. AIAA Journal, 1996, 34(6):1153-1159.
［3］ Bourdon C J, Dutton J C. Visualization of a central bleed jet in an axisymmetric compressible base flow[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2003, 15(2):499-510.
［4］ Bowman J E, Clayden W A. Cylindrical afterbodies at M=2 with hot gas ejection[J]. AIAA Journal, 1968, 6(12): 2429-2431.
［5］丁则胜, 罗荣，陈少松，等．底部燃烧减阻性能的若干参数影响研究[J]．弹道学报, 1996, 8(4):79-83．
DING Ze-sheng, LUO Rong, CHEN Shao-song, et al. A study of some parameters influence on performance of drag reduction by base burning[J]. Journal of Ballistics, 1996, 8(4):79-83. (in Chinese)
［6］丁则胜，陈少松，刘亚飞，等．底排性能的环境压力效应[J]. 弹道学报, 2002, 14(1):88-92．
DING Ze-sheng, CHEN Shao-song, LIU Ya-fei, et al. Influence of ambient pressure on base bleed[J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2002, 14(1): 88-92. (in Chinese)
［7］ Sahu J, Nietubicz C J, Steger J L. Navier-Stokes computations of projectile base flow with and without base injection[J]. AIAA Journal, 1985, 23(9):1348-1355.
［8］ Gibeling H J, Buggeln R C. Projectile base bleed technology part 1：analysis and results,AD-A258459[R]. Glastonbury, CT：Scientific Research Associates, 1992.
［9］ Jachimowski C J. An analytical study of the hydrogen-air reaction mechanism with application to scramjet combustion, NASA-TP-2791[R].Hampton, VA:Langley Research Center, 1988.
［10］陆中兵，丁珏，周彦煌，等．超声速飞行底部排气弹三维湍流流场数值模拟[J]．南京理工大学学报，2007, 31(1): 27-30.
LU Zhong-bing, DING Jue, ZHOU Yan-huang, et al. Numerical investigation of 3-D turbulent flow fields for supersonic flying base bleed projectile[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2007, 31(1):27-30. (in Chinese)
［11］陈新虹，黄华，周志超，等．排气能量对底部排气弹气动特性影响的数值模拟[J]．兵工学报，2010, 31(4):447-452.
CHEN Xin-hong, HUANG Hua, ZHOU Zhi-chao, et al. Numerical simulation of base bleed energy affecting aerodynamic performance of base bleed projectiles[J]. Acta Armamentarii，2010, 31(4): 447-452. (in Chinese)
［12］ Shin J R, Cho D R, Won S H, et al. Hybrid RANS/LES study of base-bleed flows in supersonic mainstream[C]∥15th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. Dayton, Ohio:AIAA,2008.
［13］ Shin J R, Choi J Y. DES study of base and base-bleed flows with dynamic formulation of DES constant[C]∥49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Orlando, Florida:AIAA,2011.
［14］ Menter F R. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering application[J]. AIAA Journal, 1994, 32(8):1598-1605.
［15］余文杰,余永刚,倪彬. 底部排气圆柱体模型尾部流场的数值模拟[J]. 弹道学报, 2014, 26(1):7-12.
YU Wen-jie, YU Yong-gang, NI Bin. Numerical simulation of base flow field over a cylindrical model with base bleed[J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2014, 26(1):7-12. (in Chinese)
［16］代淑兰,许厚谦,王兵. 含高速运动弹丸的膛口二次燃烧并行数值模拟[J].弹道学报, 2009, 21(1):83-86.
DAI Shu-lan, XU Hou-qian, WANG Bing.Numerical simulation of secondary muzzle flash including high-speed projectile using parallel computation method[J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2009, 21(1): 83-86. (in Chinese)
［17］武频, 赵润祥, 郭锡福．弧长网格生成法及其应用[J]．南京理工大学学报, 2002,26(5)：482-485．
WU Pin, ZHAO Run-xiang, GUO Xi-fu. Arc length method of grid generation and its application[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2002,26(5)：482-485. (in Chinese)
［18］ Jachimowski C J. An analytical study of the hydrogen-air reaction mechanism with application to scramjet combustion, NASA-TP-2791[R].Washington, DC:NASA, 1988.
［19］ Gardiner W C. Combustion chemistry[M]. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
［20］刘君，张涵信，高树椿．一种新型的计算化学非平衡流动的解耦方法[J]．国防科技大学学报, 2000,22(5):19-22．
LIU Jun, ZHANG Han-xin, GAO Shu-chun. A new uncoupled method for numerical simulation of nonequilibrium flow[J]. Journal of National University of Defense Technology, 2000, 22(5): 19-22. (in Chinese)
［21］梁德旺, 王可．AUSM+格式的改进[J]．空气动力学学报, 2004, 22(4):404-409.
LIANG De-wang, WANG Ke. Improvement of AUSM+ scheme[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2004, 22(4):404-409. (in Chinese)
［22］ Yoon S, Jameson A. Lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel method for the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations[J]. AIAA Journal, 1988, 26(9):1025-1026.
［23］刘晨．复杂燃烧流场数值模拟方法研究[D]．南京：南京航空航天大学, 2009．
LIU Chen. Numericalmethods for complex combustion flow fields[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. (in Chinese)

[1]	LI Jing, SUN Xiaoxia, MA Xinglong, ZHU Wenxiang. Heat Transfer and Flow Characteristics of Open-cell Metal Foams [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 122-130.
[2]	LEI Juanmian, GAO Yi, YONG Zheng. Numerical Investigation of the Jet Interference Characteristics of a Lateral-jet-controlled Spinning Missile [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 105-121.
[3]	WANG Xinyu, JIANG Chunlan, WANG Zaicheng, FANG Yuande. Research on the Pressure Relief Structure of JEO Shaped Charge Warhead during Cook-off [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 1-14.
[4]	LEI Te, WU Yuwen, XU Gao, QIU Yanming, KANG Chaohui, WENG Chunsheng. Study on Three-dimensional Rotating Detonation Flow Field Structures Based on Large Eddy Simulation [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 85-96.
[5]	ZHOU Guangpan, WANG Rong, WANG Mingyang, DING Jianguo, ZHANG Guokai. Experiment and Numerical Simulation of Explosion Resistance Performance of Main Girder of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge Coated with Polyurea [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 9-25.
[6]	KOU Yongfeng, YANG Kun, ZHANG Bin, XIAO Yiwen, LU Jianying, CHEN Lang. Research on Thermal Safety of Warhead Charge Based on Cook-off Experimental and Numerical Simulation [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 41-49.
[7]	YU Shuangyang, PENG Yong. Numerical Simulation of Temperature Rise of 4340 Steel Projectile Penetrating into 45# Steel Target [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 144-151.
[8]	YU Wenjun, CHEN Shengyun, DENG Shuxin, YU Bingbing, JIN Dongyan. Numerical Simulation of the Propagation Law of Explosion Shock Wave in Turning Tunnel [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 180-188.
[9]	DU Yonggang, WANG Xuesong, WAN Zhihua. Study of Screw Drive Failure Mechanisms in a Flight Aid Carrier [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(7): 2033-2040.
[10]	GAO Tiesuo, JIANG Tao, FU Yang’aoxiao, DING Mingsong, LIU Qingzong, DONG Weizhong, XU Yong, LI Peng. Plasma Distribution and Its Effect on Electromagnetic Wave Transmission across Vehicles of Varying Sizes [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6): 1809-1819.
[11]	LIU Weizhao, LI Rong, NIU Lanjie, SHI Kunlin. Research Status and Prospect of Hard-Target Penetration Initiation Control Technology [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6): 1602-1619.
[12]	ZOU Guangping, WU Songyang, XU Shubo, CHANG Zhongliang, WANG Xuan. Dynamic Compressive Properties of Graphene/Ceramic Particle Reinforced Polyurethane-Based Composites [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(3): 728-735.
[13]	TANG Kui, WANG Jinxiang, LIU Liangtao, YANG Ming. Study on the Mechanism of Secondary Penetration of Long-rod Projectile and Its Influencing Factors [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3707-3718.
[14]	CHENG Lele, HUANG Fenglei, WU Haijun, TIAN Sichen, CHEN Wenge. Research on Dynamic Response and Damage Characteristics of Multi-cabin Structure under the Impact of Underwater Explosion [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3562-3579.
[15]	HAN Jiatong, WANG Xin, ZHANG Lei, LI Zhen, WANG Pengfei, ZHAO Zhenyu, LU Tianjian. Dynamic Response and Failure Mechanism of Pre-holed Q235 Steel Plate under Foam Projectile Impact Loading [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3654-3666.