Low-velocity Impact Properties of Electrically-heated Composites Containing Nickel-chromium Alloy Wires

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0962

Abstract

Abstract:

To develop the electrically-heated composites that have both anti-icing/de-icing functionality and meet load-bearing performance requirements,three types of electrically-heated fabrics containing nickel-chromium alloy wires with parallel spacings of 6.67mm,4.00mm and 2.86mm and their reinforced composites are designed and fabricated based on the tailored fiber placement process.The lowest surface temperature of the composites reaches 87.2℃ within three minutes at 25W.The low-velocity impact properties,electro-thermal properties and compression properties of the composites subjected to 7J impact load are tested and analyzed using a drop weight impact tester,an infrared thermal imager,and a universal testing machine.The results indicate that the impact energy absorption of composite with a the nickel-chromium alloy wire electrically-heated layer is increased by at least 23.6%.The surface temperature of the damaged areas in the electrically-heated composites can still reach above 72.4℃ after impact,and the retention rates of post-impact compressive modulus and compressive strength are 88.73% and 94.97%,respectively.Compared to glass fiber/epoxy composites,the decrease in the parallel spacing of nickel-chromium alloy wires results in a more pronounced delamination phenomenon in the electrically-heated layer under post-impact compressive load.These findings provide practical guidance for the design of electrically-heated composites for aircraft anti-icing/de-icing applications,ensuring a balance between mechanical performance and functional requirements.

Key words: composites, tailored fiber placement, electrically-heated fabrics, low-velocity impact property, post-impact electro-thermal property, post-impact compressive property

CLC Number:

TB332

WANG Shoutao, JU Ao, GUO Jingxian, ZHAO Changqing, ZHAO Chen, CUI Yanchao, SUN Ying, CHEN Li. Low-velocity Impact Properties of Electrically-heated Composites Containing Nickel-chromium Alloy Wires[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(8): 240962-.

Figures/Tables 24

References 23

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试样组	并联间距/mm	厚度/mm	面密度/(kg·m^-2)
EC1	6.67	2.23±0.02	3.702
EC2	4.00	2.23±0.02	3.698
EC3	2.86	2.23±0.02	3.683
GFRP		2.08±0.01	3.575

试样组	并联间距/mm	厚度/mm	面密度/(kg·m^-2)
EC1	6.67	2.23±0.02	3.702
EC2	4.00	2.23±0.02	3.698
EC3	2.86	2.23±0.02	3.683
GFRP		2.08±0.01	3.575

试样组	60s内升温速率/ (℃·s^-1)	最高温度/ ℃	最低温度/ ℃	表面温差/ ℃
EC1	0.803	113.4±2.5	87.2±2.0	26.2±1.8
EC2	0.685	106.1±2.1	94.6±1.6	11.5±0.6
EC3	0.573	97.7±1.2	91.6±1.1	6.1±0.4

试样组	60s内升温速率/ (℃·s^-1)	最高温度/ ℃	最低温度/ ℃	表面温差/ ℃
EC1	0.803	113.4±2.5	87.2±2.0	26.2±1.8
EC2	0.685	106.1±2.1	94.6±1.6	11.5±0.6
EC3	0.573	97.7±1.2	91.6±1.1	6.1±0.4

试样组	F₁/N		F_max/N		E_D/J		D_E/mm		D_D/mm
试样组	测试值	变异系数/%	测试值	变异系数/%	测试值	变异系数/%	测试值	变异系数/%	测试值	变异系数/%
EC1	1647	3.05	2040	4.23	5.75	2.87	5.88	1.73	0.67	7.16
EC2	1780	3.23	1993	4.11	5.83	1.29	5.74	0.75	0.60	9.53
EC3	1621	8.49	2 071	1.75	5.94	3.16	5.73	1.23	0.63	8.29
GFRP	1607	2.04	2 000	1.06	4.65	3.58	5.94	0.28	0.53	1.75