Design of Capacitive Smoke Detector for Marine Powerhouse

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0816

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to ensure the timeliness, accuracy and reliability of early fire detection in the powerhouse of a ship, the smoke detectors face the challenges of high detection accuracy, sensitivity and high reliability in complex use environments. The smoke concentration detection principle should be improved and the smoke concentration algorithm should be innovated to improve the smoke detectors. A new design of the smoke concentration detection principle is made based on the capacitive detection metacell structure, and a multi-scale smoke particle concentration detection algorithm is used to process the detected signal for calculating the smoke particle concentration. Experiments show that the newly designed detector can realize the effective detection of smoke particles with a concentration of 0-10% obs/m and the detection accuracy higher than parts per million (PPM) level; the sensitivity of the detector can reach PPM level; and in the environments with a certain concentration of oil and gas and dust of different particle sizes, it can detect the smoke particle concentration with an accuracy higher than PPM level.

Key words: marine powerhouse, extremely early fire detection, smoke concentration detection, capacitive detection, multiscale signal processing

CLC Number:

TU892

WANG Boqiang, ZHAO Xuezeng, ZHANG Yiyong, WANG Zhuogang, SONG Zigang, JIANG Jian, ZHU Ying. Design of Capacitive Smoke Detector for Marine Powerhouse[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3230-3239.

Figures/Tables 20

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of capacitive particle analysis detection structure

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of particle detection

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of capacitive metacell structure

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of capacitive smoke particle detection principle

Fig.5 Typical signal output graph with smoke particle signal periods

Fig.6 Flowchart of multi-scale smoke particle concentration detection algorithm

Fig.7 Schematic of the smooth wavelet transform decomposition of the detector output signal

Fig.8 AC signal gain amplifier circuit schematic

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of the experimental device for smoke concentration

Fig.10 Time-domain signal diagram for limit concentration detection

Fig.11 Limit concentration detection spectrogram

Table 1 Smoke concentration test results

烟雾浓度/ (%obs·m^-1)	模值	检测浓度/ (%obs·m^-1)	偏差/ PPM
2	0.000150994058	5.2	0.2
5	0.0003774835145	2.3	0.3

Fig.12 Time-domain signal plot of 0-10% obs/m smoke particle concentration

Fig.13 Frequency domain signal plot of 0-10% obs/m smoke particle concentration

Table 2 Limit concentration detection test results

烟雾浓度/ (obs·m^-1)	模值	检测浓度/ (%obs·m^-1)	偏差/ PPM
1	58.2667029	1.0000003	0.3
2	116.5334059	2.0000002	0.2
3	174.8001084	3.0000003	0.3
4	233.0668105	4.0000004	0.4
5	291.3335132	5.0000003	0.3
6	349.6002158	6.0000002	0.2
7	407.8669182	7.0000003	0.3
8	466.1336209	8.0000004	0.4
9	524.4003241	9.0000002	0.2
10	582.6670265	10.0000003	0.2

Fig.14 Signal output diagram of interference experiment detector

Fig.15 Time-frequency domain distribution

Fig.16 Signal decomposition diagram

Fig.17 Spectral distribution of individual particles

Table 3 Experimental results of anti-interference capability

烟雾浓度/ (obs·m^-1)	模值	检测浓度/ (%obs·m^-1)	偏差/ PPM
2	116.5334079	2.0000007	0.7

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