Relationship between Key Process Parameters and Stress Field of Aviation Aluminum Alloy Welded by Laser Beam

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0935

Abstract

Abstract:

Laser welding process parameters not only affect the residual stress of aluminum alloy structural parts, but also affect their service performance. It is of great significance to explore the relationship between parameters and stress field to improve the quality of welded structural parts.The laser welding of 7075-t7351 aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 5mm is numerically simulated by using the cone heat source model. The influences of welding speed and laser energy on the welding residual stress field is analyzed. The accuracy of the simulated results is verified by experiments, and the relationship between the laser welding process parameters and stress field of 7075 aluminum alloy is revealed. The results show that the residual stress increases with the increase of welding speed, but when the welding speed exceeds a certain value, the stress in a weld nugget zone does not increase, and the maximum stress gradually expands to both sides. In addition, the larger the laser energy is, the smaller the residual stress is, but the distribution area of maximum residual stress gradually expands. The best process window for laser welding of 7075 aluminum alloy was obtained: welding speed is 5~7mm/s, and laser welding energy is 70~100J/mm. The above research has a certain value and significance in shortening the cycle of laser welding process optimization of 7075 aluminum alloy and reducing its cost.

Key words: Aluminum alloy, laser welding, stress field, welding speed, welding energy

CLC Number:

TG404

LI Guangzu, WANG Jiangtao, XIE Li, LU Yalin, ZHANG Yongkang, HU Kejun, C. M. CASCIOLA. Relationship between Key Process Parameters and Stress Field of Aviation Aluminum Alloy Welded by Laser Beam[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(5): 1692-1702.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Finite element mesh model

Fig.2 Thermodynamic parameters of materials

Fig.3 Isotherm distribution diagram

Fig.4 Comparison of thermal cycle curves of different heat-sources

Table 1 Comparison of results of different heat-sources

参数	圆柱形热源	锥形热源
最高温度/℃	1163	1413
最大应力/MPa	231	212

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of keyhole-mode welding[27]

Fig.6 Comparison of weld cross sections in experimental and simulated results[28]

Fig.7 Model diagram of welding pool

Fig.8 Cone-shaped heat-source model

Table 2 Variation nephogram of longitudinal residual stress σyy

Table 3 Variation nephogram of transverse residual stress σxx

Fig.9 Distribution curves of residual stress

Fig.10 Stress variation curves at different speeds v

Fig.11 Variation curves of stress with different energies Q0

Fig.12 Distribution map of measuring points

Fig.13 XRD experimental report of σyy at the point B in the welded joint

Fig.14 Comparison of experimental and simulated residual stress

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