Preparation of Porous Polyacrylate and Its Catalysis on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.011

Abstract

Abstract: The metal particles are introduced into the polymer chain by the sol-gel method. The porous metal-containing polymer material, which is obtained by freeze-drying, has the features of fluxion, large specific surface area and porosity. These features not only restrain the agglomeration of nano-metal catalyzer, but also provide sufficient catalytic active sites. Two kinds of porous metal-containing polymers (PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb) were prepared. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method are used to characterize PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb. TG-IR-GC-MS combination is used to analyze the catalysis of PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The results indicate that the decomposition peak temperature of AP is decreased to 143.1 ℃ under the catalysis of PAA-Cu and 73.7 ℃ under the catalysis of PAA-Pb. Porous PAA-Cu which is of better catalysis compared with PAA-Pb was calcined in this paper. Cu and Cu₂O are produced by in-situ decomposition, while the increasing porosity promotes the exposure of catalytic active substances. The new features obtained by calcination make for the catalysis on thermal decomposition of AP.

Key words: copperpolyacrylate, leadpolyacrylate, ammoniumperchlorate, porousmetal-containingpolymer, thermaldecomposition, catalyst

CLC Number:

HUO Junda, YAN Zhenzhan, LU Yuewen, HAN Jimin, YANG Li. Preparation of Porous Polyacrylate and Its Catalysis on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(6): 1215-1222.

References

［1］ DERR R L, OSBORN J R. Composite propellant combustion[J]. AIAA Journal, 1970, 8(8):1488-1491.
[2] 郑剑, 侯林法, 杨仲雄. 高能固体推进剂技术回顾与展望[J]. 固体火箭技术, 2001, 24(1):28-34.
ZHENG J, HOU L F, YANG Z X. The progress and prospects of high energy propellants[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2001, 24(1):28-34. (in Chinese)
[3] CHATURVEDI S, DAVE P N. Nano-metal oxide: potential catalyst on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 2012, 7(2):205-231.
[4] XU H, WANG X, ZHANG L. Selective preparation of nanorods and micro-octahedrons of Fe₂O₃ and their catalytic performances for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Powder Technology, 2008, 185(2):176-180.
[5] SINGH N B, OJHA A K. Formation of copper oxide through NaNO₃-KNO₃ eutectic melt and its catalytic activity in the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2002, 390(1/2):67-72.
[6] JUNG J Y, KIM J K, SHIM H M, et al. Preparation of Cr₂O₃/AP composites and their thermal decomposition characteristics[J]. Journal of the Korean Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 2015, 26(2):145-153.
[7] DUAN H Z, LIN X Y, LIU G P, et al. Synthesis of Co nanoparticles and their catalytic effect on the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2008, 16(2): 325-328.
[8] QING Y C, SU J B, WEN Q L, et al. Enhanced dielectric and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of FeSiAl/Al₂O₃ ceramics by plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015, 651:259-265.
[9] VARGEESE A A, MURALIDHARAN K, KRISHNAMURTHY V N. Kinetics of nano titanium dioxide catalyzed thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate-based composite solid propellant[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2015, 40(2):260-266.
[10] DAVE P N, RAM P N, CHATURVEDI S. Transition metal
oxides nanoparticles: potential nano-modifier for rocket propellants[J]. Particulate Science and Technology, 2016, 34(6):676-680.
[11] 赵文渊, 杨斌愚, 赵赫, 等. 纳米燃烧催化剂对高氯酸铵热分解动力学研究[J]. 内蒙古石油化工, 2019, 45(11):34-36.
ZHAO W Y, YANG B Y, ZHAO H, et al. Study on thermal decomposition kinetics of ammonium perchlorate by nano-combustion catalyst[J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2019, 45(11):34-36. (in Chinese)
[12] 崔平, 李凤生, 周建,等. 铜/碳纳米管复合粒子的制备及其对高氯酸铵热分解性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2006, 21(2): 303-308.
CUI P, LI F S, ZHOU J, et al. Preparation of Cu/CNTs composite particles and thermal decomposition behavior of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2006, 21(2):303-308.(in Chinese)
[13] SONG N M, LIU J C, ZHANG G Y, et al. Catalytic action of submicrometer spherical Ta/Ph-Fe on combustion of AP/HTPB propellant[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2018, 43(7): 637-641.
[14] GAO J M, WANG L, YU H J, et al. Recent research progress in burning rate catalysts[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2011, 36(5):404-409.
[15] 曾凡达, 李纲. 花状CdO微球的制备及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化性能[J]. 材料工程, 2020, 48(6):91-97.
ZENG F D, LI G. Preparation of flower-like CdO microspheres and its catalytic performances towards thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering,2020, 48(6):91-97. (in Chinese)
[16] WANG Q Y, FENG X, WANG S, et al. Metal-organic framework templated synthesis of copper azide as the primary explosive with low electrostatic sensitivity and excellent initiation ability[J]. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(28):5837-5843.
[17] YANG Y, YU X J, WANG J, et al. Effect of the dispersibility of nano-CuO catalyst on heat releasing of AP/HTPB propellant[J]. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2010, 2011: 180896.
[18] XU R, YAN Z Z, YANG L, et al.Nanoscale homogeneous energetic copper azides@ porous carbon hybrid with reduced sensiti-vity and high ignition ability[J]. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2018, 10(26):22545-22551.
[19] WU F, ZHANG Y, LIU L, et al. Synthesis and characterization of a novel cellulose-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) superabsorbent composite based on flax yarn waste[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 87(4):2519-2525.
[20] 刘立华, 吴俊, 令玉林, 等. 高分子重金属螯合絮凝剂的制备及其除Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺的性能研究[J]. 湖南科技大学学报（自然科学版）, 2010, 25(4):104-109.
LIU L H, WU J, LING Y L, et al. Preparation of a polymeric heavy metal chelating flocculant and its removal performance forCu²⁺and Ni²⁺[J]. Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2010, 25(4):104-109. (in Chinese)
[21] 张汝冰. 微乳液法制备纳米亚铬酸铜: CN 1426965 [P]. 2003-07-02.
ZHANG R B. Preparation of nano-copper chromite for water-in-oil microemulsion reaction: CN1426965 [P]. 2003-07-02. (in Chinese)
[22] 徐浩龙. 硅溶胶改性羧甲基纤维素-聚丙烯酸对铅(Ⅱ)的吸附研究[J]. 河南科学, 2012, 30(7):857-860.
XU H L. Studies on the improvement of adsorptive power of carboxymethylcellulose graft acrylic acid with silicic sol for Pb(II)[J]. Henan Science, 2012, 30(7):857-860. (in Chinese)
[23] CHATURVEDI S, DAVE P N. A review on the use of nanome-tals as catalysts for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 2013, 17(2):135-149.
[24] BOLDYREV V V. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2006, 443(1):1-36.

[1]	BAO Lingxiang, YAN Zhiyuan, SONG Jianwei, WEI Gaixia, SUN Chenghui, PANG Siping. Pd(OH)₂/CeO₂ Catalyst for Hydrogenolytic Debenzylation Reaction of Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane and Tetraacetyl-dibenzyl-hexaazaisowurtzitane [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(3): 524-532.
[2]	LI Kuankuan, GUO Xiaode, LIANG Li, ZHANG Zhengjin, XIA Liang, CHANG Zhipeng. Preparation of Nano-SrCO₃/AP Composite Particles and Study of Their Impact Sensitivities and Thermal DecompositionPerformances [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(7): 1317-1322.
[3]	GUAN Fayang, YU Lan, REN Hui, JIAO Qingjie, LIU Jie. Synthesis of Nitrified Graphene Oxide and Its Catalytic Activity for Ammonium Perchlorate Decomposition [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(7): 1323-1329.
[4]	YE Qing， YU Yonggang. Cook-off Characteristics of Solid Rocket Motor with Star-configuration Propellant Charge [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(10): 1970-1978.
[5]	LIU Yan， AN Chongwei， LUO Jin， WANG Jingyu. Preparation and Characterization of Nano 24681012-hexanitro-24681012-hexaazaisowurtzitane/135-triamino-246-trinitrobenzene Energetic Composites [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(1): 49-55.
[6]	ZHANG Yanjun， MA Jun, TIAN Tao, SONG Zhenxing, SANG Wei, GONG Shihong, WANG Yuhang, HUANG Weidong, WU Hao, XIANG Xin, LI Renjie, LIU Jian. Low Temperature Reaction of Portable Metal-free Solid Oxygen Candle [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(6): 1317-1322.
[7]	ZHANG Zhengjin, GUO Xiaode, LIU Jie, LIANG Li, LI Kuankuan, CHANG Zhipeng, XIA Liang, TIAN Shubao, HUANG Dongyan, YANG Xueqin. Preparation of Ultrafine Lead Ferrocyanide/ammonium Perchlorate Composite Particles and Study of Their Thermal Decompositionand Anti-agglomeration Performance [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(11): 2220-2228.
[8]	YE Zhen-wei， YU Yong-gang. Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Coupling Combustion of Pulsed Jet and AP/HTPB Propellant [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(8): 1507-1514.
[9]	CAO Xiong, ZHANG Yun, CAO Wei-guo, ZHANG Yu-long, DAI Peng, XUE Chen-lu, TAN Ying-xin. Influences of Mass Effect and Thermal History on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Nitrate [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(11): 2153-2158.
[10]	YUAN Jun-ming, ZHANG Lin-yan, TANG Xin, LIU Yu-cun, ZHANG Xi-liang, CHEN Yin-gang, LI Shuo. Cook-off Test and Numerical Simulation of Small Booster Device of fuze [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(8): 1541-1546.
[11]	LI Guang-chao, LIANG Zhen-zong, LIANG Li, GUO Xiao-de. Mass Preparation of Ultrafine Sphere-like AP Particles by Jet Milling and Their Characterization [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(11): 2098-2104.
[12]	LIU Suo-en, CHEN Jin-fang, PAN Bao, ZHOU Wei-liang, ZHAO Mei-ling,. Study of Novel Screw Extruded High Energy Composite Double-base Propellant [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(6): 1123-1127.
[13]	GUAN Hui-juan, JIN Bo, PENG Ru-fang, ZHAO Feng-qi, HAN Wen-jing, CHEN Bai-li, CHU Shi-jin. The Preparation and Thermal Decomposition Performance of Fullerene Hydrazine Nitrate [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(11): 1756-1764.
[14]	XIONG Lang-lu，GUO Xiao-de， LI Feng-sheng. Preparation of HMX/Cu Composite Particles by Electroless Plating Method and their Thermal Decomposition Characteristics [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(1): 35-41.
[15]	LIU Yong, JIANG Wei, LIU Jian-xun, WANG Yi, LIU Guan-peng, LI Feng-sheng. A Study of Catalyzing Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of AP/HTPB Propellant with Nano Cu/ CNTs [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2008, 29(9): 1029-1033.