Study of Water Surface Acoustic Waves Excited by Acoustic Radiation from Underwater Cylindrical Shells

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0191

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of water surface acoustic waves excited by the acoustic radiation from underwater acoustic source is of great significance for cross-media underwater sound source detection in the air. In order to study the characteristics of water surface acoustic waves excited by the acoustic radiation from underwater acoustic source, the theoretical solution of water surface acoustic wave excited by the spherical acoustic wave radiation from underwater steady point source is derived based on underwater sound propagation theory, the pulsating spherical point source is used as an numerical analysis example to verify the model according to the finite element method, and the corresponding measurement experiments are designed and conducted to verify the horizontal attenuation law and the influence of sound source depth. Based on the acoustic-structure coupling finite element method, the influences of sound source parameters, such as sound source depth, and environmental parameters on the water surface acoustic wave induced by the acoustic radiation from underwater cylindrical shell are studied. The research results indicate that the amplitude of seawater surface wave excited by the cylindrical shell sound source in a semi-free field environment is much greater than that of other frequencies under certain vibration modes corresponding to the natural frequencies. The seabed and rough sea surface have an impact on the amplitude of water surface waves. Under the excitation of load, the amplitude of water surface waves excited by the sound radiation from underwater cylindrical shell in finite water depth is positively proportional to the depth of submergence within 3 times the radius of the cylindrical shell and beyond 20 times the radius, while other ranges are inversely proportional to the depth of submergence.

Key words: underwater cylindrical shell, acoustic radiation, water surface acoustic wave, acoustic-structure coupling, rough sea surface

CLC Number:

TB561

ZHANG Shenghai, XU Jianqiu, LI Sheng. Study of Water Surface Acoustic Waves Excited by Acoustic Radiation from Underwater Cylindrical Shells[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2329-2340.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1 Oblique incidence of plane waves

Fig.2 The relationship between the amplitude of interface particle and the angle of incidence and frequency

Fig.3 Virtual source method in ocean waveguides

Table 1 Simulation parameters of finite element model of pulsating ball point source

参数	取值
声源频率f₀/Hz	10~2000
脉动球半径R_s/m	0.01
脉动球深度z_s/m	1~500
脉动球法向振速v_s/(m·s^-1)	0.01
计算区域半径R_f	max(2λ,3m)
海水声速c_w/(m·s^-1)	1460
海水密度ρ_w/(kg·m^-3)	1025
海水深度H/m	20~70

Fig.4 Underwater acoustic field(f0=2000Hz)

Fig.5 Vertical displacement of water surface particle

Fig.6 Change in vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle with frequency and depth of source

Fig.7 Change in vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particlewith frequency, depths of source and seawater when considering the existence of seabed

Fig.8 Change in vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle with frequency and depth of source

Fig.9 Random rough sea surface (300m×300m)

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of underwater cylindrical shell

Table 2 Simulation parameters of acoustic-structure coupling finite element model of underwater cylindrical shell

圆柱壳及流体参数	取值
计算频率f₀/Hz	60~260
圆柱壳半径R_c/m	0.18
圆柱壳长度H_c/m	1.284
载荷激励F/N	10
圆柱壳密度ρ_c/(kg·m^-3)	7850
圆柱壳厚度d_c/mm	3
圆柱壳潜深z₀	1~30R_c
杨氏模量E/Pa	2.06×10¹¹
泊松比μ	0.3
计算区域半径R_f	max (2λ,3m)
流体声速c_w/(m·s^-1)	1460
流体密度ρ_w/(kg·m^-3)	1025
海水深度H/m	10~40

Table 3 Natural frequencies of underwater cylindrical shell

数据来源及相对误差	固有频率/Hz
数据来源及相对误差	1-2	1-3	1-4	2-3	2-4
本文	97.79	109.57	203.61	216.16	243.24
文献[23]	98.5	110.7	206.3	219.0	247.0
相对误差/%	-0.72	-1.02	-1.30	-1.30	-1.52

Fig.11 Sound pressure level of excitation point

Fig.12 Vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle vs frequency

Fig.13 Vertical displacement amplitude of water surface in the peak frequency

Fig.14 Vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle vs. depth ofsubmergence

Fig.15 Vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle vs. frequency, and depths of cylindrical shell and seawater

Fig.16 Vertical displacement amplitude of water surface particle vs. frequency and depth of cylindrical shell

Fig.17 Schematic diagram of experimental layout

Fig.18 Amplitude of particle vibration velocity on water surface (Experiments 1 and 2)

Fig.19 Amplitude of particle vibration velocity on water surface (Experiments 1 and 3)

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