Selection and Parameter Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Intelligent Unmanned Vehicles

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.1074

Abstract

Abstract:

The rapid development of intelligent unmanned vehicles and their power demands for multi-task loads, along with high-power charging and discharging requirements under complex driving conditions, call for new energy storage system schemes that address the shortcomings of existing single-type energy storage systems. Based on the performance constraints of intelligent unmanned vehicle, such as power performance and silent mileage, a parameter matching optimization method for hybrid energy storage system (HESS) with a focus on lightweight design is proposed to achieve a balance between the input and output capacity of the energy storage system and the overall system quality. By analyzing the basic requirements of unmanned vehicles for energy storage system and the characteristics of different topological structures, the optimal configuration is selected. Based on the requirements of vehicle performance indicators, the energy storage system matching calculation is carried out, and the system parameters are optimized to give full play to the advantages of the hybrid system. The results show that HESS can effectively reduce the high current impact of the power battery and prolong its service life. Meanwhile, the optimization method can effectively reduce the weight of the energy system and improve the comprehensive performance of the vehicle.

Key words: intelligent unmanned vehicle, hybrid energy storage system, topology structure, parameter matching optimization

CLC Number:

TM912

HE Qiang, LIU Hougang, ZOU Bo, LÜ Bu, CHEN Xulin, DUAN Yu. Selection and Parameter Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Intelligent Unmanned Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(9): 2791-2801.

Figures/Tables 16

References 35

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参数	电池类型
参数	铅酸电池	镍氢电池	锂离子电池
比功率/(W·kg^-1)	150~400	200~400	250~450
比能量/(Wh·kg^-1)	30~50	65~120	120~300
循环寿命/次	400~600	600~1200	1000~2000
使用温度/℃	-20~40	-20~50	-25~60
成本	低	高	较高
环保性	差	较好	较好

参数	电池类型
参数	铅酸电池	镍氢电池	锂离子电池
比功率/(W·kg^-1)	150~400	200~400	250~450
比能量/(Wh·kg^-1)	30~50	65~120	120~300
循环寿命/次	400~600	600~1200	1000~2000
使用温度/℃	-20~40	-20~50	-25~60
成本	低	高	较高
环保性	差	较好	较好

参数	超级电容种类
参数	法拉第准电容	双电层电容	混合电容
电极材料	金属氧化物	活性炭	金属氧化物/碳
比功率/(W·kg^-1)	1000~2000	1000~3000	1000~2000
比能量/(Wh·kg^-1)	10~15	5~7	10~12
循环寿命/次	≥1000000	≥1000000	≥1000000
成本	高	较高	较高

参数	超级电容种类
参数	法拉第准电容	双电层电容	混合电容
电极材料	金属氧化物	活性炭	金属氧化物/碳
比功率/(W·kg^-1)	1000~2000	1000~3000	1000~2000
比能量/(Wh·kg^-1)	10~15	5~7	10~12
循环寿命/次	≥1000000	≥1000000	≥1000000
成本	高	较高	较高

指标	数值
最高车速/(km·h^-1)	90
0~60km/h的加速时间/s	9
最大爬坡度/%	60
最大爬坡时爬坡车速/(km·h^-1)	15
越野时车速/(km·h^-1)	30
30km/h等速纯电续驶里程/km	25
CHTC循环工况续驶里程/km	20