导弹等离子体合成射流流动控制技术综述与展望

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0894

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在反导技术不断发展的背景下,为提高导弹的命中率,需要对导弹的机动性、快响应性等提出更高的要求。近年来,由于响应时间短、无机械部件、工作频带宽等优势,基于等离子体合成射流激励器的主动流动控制技术成为兵器科学与技术以及航空航天领域的研究热点。该技术在导弹的快响应气动力控制、横向主流干扰控制、激波控制、激波/边界层干扰控制等流动控制领域均展现出巨大的应用前景,为减小导弹的阻力、提高导弹的机动性、快响应性等提供了技术保障。结合近二十年来国内外的相关文献资料,以及多年的研究经验,对导弹等离子体合成射流流动控制技术的原理内涵、发展状况、关键问题等进行阐述和总结,以便为相关研究人员提供帮助。

关键词: 导弹, 等离子体合成射流, 主动流动控制, 气动力控制, 激波控制

Abstract:

In the context of the continuous development of anti-missile technology, higher requirements must be imposed on missile maneuverability and fast response to improve the missile hit rate. In recent years, due to the advantages of short response time, no mechanical parts and wide working frequency band, the active flow control technology based on plasma synthetic jet actuator has become a research hotspot in the weapons science and technology and the aerospace field. Great application prospects have been demonstrated in the flow control fields of missiles, such as fast response aerodynamic control, transverse mainstream interference control, shock wave control, shock wave/boundary layer interference control, etc., which provides technical support for reducing the missile resistance and improving the maneuverability and fast response of missile. The principle, development and key problems of the missile plasma synthetic jet flow control technology are described and summarized based on the related literatures issued at home and abroad in the past 20 years and the research experience, hoping to provide help to the relevant researchers.

Key words: missile, plasma synthesis jet, active flow control, aerodynamic control, shock wave control

中图分类号:

TJ762.2

张小兵, 李晋峰. 导弹等离子体合成射流流动控制技术综述与展望[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(10): 3356-3370.

ZHANG Xiaobing, LI Jinfeng. Review and Prospect of Missile Plasma Synthetic Jet Control Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(10): 3356-3370.

图/表 9

图1 4种导弹

Fig.1 Four types of missiles

图2 两种等离子体合成射流激励器及其3阶段工作示意图

Fig.2 Two kinds of plasma synthetic jet actuator and their three-stage working diagrams

图3 横向喷流对鸭式布局导弹滚转特性影响[52]

Fig.3 Effect of lateral jet on the roll characteristics of canard layout missiles[52]

图4 推力矢量喷管实验结果以及数值仿真结果对比[53]

Fig.4 Comparison of experimental and numerically simulated results of thrust vector nozzle[53]

图5 等离子体合成射流对超声速横向来流的干扰作用纹影结果[86]

Fig.5 Schlieren results of the interference effect of plasma synthetic jet on supersonic transverse incoming flow[86]

图6 等离子体合成射流控制有限高圆柱激波[14]

Fig.6 Controlling the shock wave generated by a finite-height cylinder by the plasma synthetic jet[14]

图7 激波/边界层干扰流场结构及仿真模拟结果[33,60]

Fig.7 Structure of shock wave/boundary layer interference flow field and the simulated result[33,60]

图8 多个激励器出口位置处合成射流平均速度随时间变化

Fig.8 Variation of the average velocity of synthetic jet with time at the exit of multiple actuators

图9 正常的激励器与烧蚀的激励器对比[46]

Fig.9 Comparison of normal actuator and ablative actuator[46]

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