高压膜片破膜压力阈值及影响因素

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0886

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了获得二级轻气炮中1Cr18Ni9Ti钢制高压膜片破膜压力阈值、探究开槽形状参数对压力阈值的影响,开展高压膜片在液压加载下的破膜实验,得到高压膜片的破膜阈值及破坏形态。在实验基础上,通过大变形理论建立高压膜片受压理论模型,推导出极限荷载值计算方法;利用有限元分析软件进行有限元模拟,分析开裂过程中有效应变的变化规律,并进行不同开槽深度、开槽角度及开槽形状的有限元模拟研究。研究结果表明:通过大变形理论求解得到的破膜压力阈值与液压加载实验结果吻合较好,计算所得结果与静载实验十分接近;开槽深度、角度、形状的改变均对破膜压力阈值造成影响,开槽深度及角度的减小、槽型为圆弧形均会引起破膜压力阈值的增大;当开槽深度小于某一定值时,膜片的破坏位置将会发生改变。

关键词: 高压膜片, 破膜压力, 大变形理论, 有限元模拟, 开槽参数

Abstract:

In order to obtain the threshold value of membrane breaking pressure of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel high-pressure diaphragm in the two-stage light gas gun and explore the influence of grooving parameters on the pressure threshold value, the static loading experiments of high-pressure diaphragm under hydraulic loading are carried out to obtain the membrane breakjng pressure and damage pattern. On the basis of the experiments, a theoretical model of the high-pressure diaphragm under pressure is established through the large-deformationtheory, and the method of calculating the ultimate load value is derived. The finite element simulation is carried out by utilizing the LS-DYNA software, the change rule of effective strain in the breaking process is analyzed, and the simulation research is made on different grooving depths, angles and grooving shapes.The results show that the breakage pressure threshold obtained by the large-deformation theory is in good agreement with the static load experimental results, and the calculated results are very close to the static load experimental results.The changes of grooving depth, angle and shape have an effect on the breakage pressure threshold, and the decrease in the grooving depth and angle, and the groove type of arc will cause the increase in the breakage pressure threshold.The destructive position of high-pressure diaphragm is changed when the grooving depth is less than a certain value.

Key words: high-pressure diaphragm, breakage pressure, large-deformation theory, numerical simulation, grooving parameter

中图分类号:

TH138.52-1

吴春尧, 宋春明, 李干, 徐观淦, 韩彤. 高压膜片破膜压力阈值及影响因素[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3307-3316.

WU Chunyao, SONG Chunming, LI Gan, XU Guangan, HAN Tong. Pressure Threshold and Influencing Factors of High-pressure Diaphragm Breaking[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3307-3316.

图/表 24

图1 高压膜片作用位置[2]

Fig.1 Position of high-pressure diaphragm[2]

图2 液压加载破模装置

Fig.2 Hydraulically loaded mold breaker

图3 液压实验系统

Fig.3 Hydrauli cexperimental system

图4 高压膜片尺寸图

Fig.4 Dimensions o high-pressure diaphragm

图5 高压膜片实物图

Fig.5 Photos of high-pressure diaphragm

表1 高强合金钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基本材料性能

Table 1 Basic material properties of high-strength alloy steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti

参数	数值		参数	数值
密度/(g·cm^-3)	7.84		强化后抗拉强度/MPa	602
屈服强度/MPa	220		延伸率	45%

图6 实验荷载随时间变化曲线

Fig.6 Load-time curves

表2 实验数据

Table 2 Experimental data

试件	峰值荷载/N	峰值应力/MPa	凸起高度/mm
1-1	45531	31.37	5.56
1-2	48032	33.09	5.61

图7 膜片破坏形态图

Fig.7 Diaphragm damage pattern diagram

图8 弯曲和拉伸作用下的梁

Fig.8 Beam under bending and stretching action

图9 平面轴向应变计算示意图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of plane axial strain calculation

图10 主应力图

Fig.10 Principal stress diagram

图11 数值模拟模型

Fig.11 Numerical simulation model

表3 不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti材料参数[32]

Table 3 Stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti material parameters[32]

参数	数值	参数	数值
密度RO/(g·cm^-3)	7.84	硬化模量B/MPa	400
剪切模量G/GPa	78.75	硬化指数N	0.40
弹性模量E/GPa	198	比热CP/(J·(kg^-1·℃^-1))	831
泊松比PR	0.26	最大失效主应变MXEPS	0.45
初始屈服应力A/MPa	220

图12 网格收敛性分析

Fig.12 Convergence analysis of mesh

图13 有效塑性应变图

Fig.13 Effective plastic strain diagram

表4 各工况开槽深度及破坏荷载

Table 4 Groove depth and failure load for each diaphragm

工况	开槽深度/mm	破坏荷载/MPa
1	0	43.1
2	0.4	43.1
3	0.6	41.6
4	0.8	32.5
5	1.0	26.7
6	1.2	20.7
7	1.4	17.6
8	1.6	13.1

图14 不同开槽深度破坏峰值应力图

Fig.14 Breaking compressive stress diagram for different groove depths

图15 工况2有效塑性应变云图

Fig.15 Effective plastic strain nephograms for Case 2

表5 各工况开槽角度及破坏荷载

Table 5 Groove angle and failure load for each diaphragm

工况	开槽角度/(°)	破坏荷载/MPa
1	30	34.1
2	45	33.5
3	60	32.5
4	75	31.8
5	90	30.9
6	105	30.6
7	120	30.3
8	150	30.2

图16 不同开槽角度破坏峰值应力图

Fig.16 Breaking compressive stress diagram for different grooving angles

图17 方形开槽高压膜片模型

Fig.17 Model of high-pressure diaphragm with square groove

表6 开槽形状对破坏压强的影响数值模拟结果

Table 6 Numerically simulated results of the influence of groove shape on failure load

工况	开槽深度/mm	方形开槽峰值应力/MPa	圆弧形开槽峰值应力/MPa
1	0.8	24.1	32.5
2	1.0	15.9	26.7
3	1.2	12.8	20.7
4	1.4	10.9	17.6
5	1.6	8.6	13.1

图18 不同开槽形状峰值应力对比图

Fig.18 Comparison of failure stresses of different grooveshapes

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