自然破片战斗部静态威力场重构方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0838

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

战斗部威力是毁伤效应计算的载荷输入,如何精准构建战斗部静态威力场模型,成为评判毁伤评估任务准确性的一项重要工作。针对自然破片战斗部的自身特点,通过数值仿真、理论解析和试验校核相结合,提出一种战斗部静态威力场重构方法,即以数值仿真模型计算结果为基础构建破片威力场原始模型,以经典解析理论构建冲击波威力场原始模型,同时结合试验样本数据对威力场关键表征量进行逐项修正。通过实例算例表明,运用该重构方法建立的自然破片战斗部威力场可以准确描述真实战斗部威力特性,可有效应用于战斗部性能评估,武器装备效能评估等相关领域。

关键词: 自然破片, 威力场重构, 静爆试验, 试验修正

Abstract:

The warhead power is the load input for the calculation of damage effect. The accurate construction of a static power field model for warhead becomes an important task to evaluate the accuracy of damage assessment task. Based on the unique characteristics of natural fragmentation warhead, a method for reconstructing the static power field model for warhead is proposed by numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and experimental verification. That is, an initial model of fragmentation power field is constructed based on the calculated results of the numerical simulation model, an initial model of the shock wave power field is constructed based on the classical analytical theory, and the key characteristic quantities of the power field are corrected item by item based on the sample data of the experiment. Through the case calculation, it is shown that the power field model of natural fragmentation warhead established by using the proposed reconstruction method can accurately describe the actual warhead power characteristics, and can be effectively applied in the related fields of warhead performance evaluation and weapon equipment effectiveness evaluation.

Key words: natural fragmentation, power field reconstruction, static explosive experiment, experimental correction

冯昌林, 施锐, 张兵, 王晓东, 廖莎莎. 自然破片战斗部静态威力场重构方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S2): 283-292.

FENG Changlin, SHI Rui, ZHANG Bing, WANG Xiaodong, LIAO Shasha. Static Power Field Reconstruction Method for Natural Fragmentation Warhead[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S2): 283-292.

图/表 22

表1 战斗部模型基本参数

Table 1 Basic parameters of warhead model

类型	炸药当量/ kg	壳体质量/ kg	壁厚/ mm	内直径/ mm	外直径/ mm
杀爆弹	1.2	3.7	10	56	76

图1 战斗部模型

Fig.1 Warhead model

表2 壳体材料模型参数

Table 2 Material parameters of rotating band

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	7670	n	0.028
A/MPa	1047	C	0.018
B/MPa	262	m	0.63

表3 装药材料模型参数

Table 3 Charge material model parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	1630	R₁	4.15
A/MPa	374	R₂	0.95
B/MPa	3230	ω	0.3
Ε/(J·g^-1)	4800

图2 有限元仿真计算过程

Fig.2 Finite element simulation calculation process

表4 破片威力数字格式

Table 4 Fragment power digital format

破片序号	破片质量/ g	X轴坐标/ m	Y轴坐标/ m	Z轴坐标/ m	X轴方向速度/ (m·s^-1)	Y轴方向速度/ (m·s^-1)	Z轴方向速度/ (m·s^-1)
N	m	x	y	z	V_x	V_y	V_z

图3 初始破片场可视化

Fig.3 Initial fragment field visualization

表5 冲击波威力数字格式

Table 5 Shock wave digital format

距爆心距离/m	超压/Pa
L	p

图4 沙坑破碎性试验布置图(上图为沙坑布置剖面示意,下图为沙坑布置试验图)

Fig.4 Layout of shell fragmentation test(up: the profile diagram of bunker layout, and down: the test diagram of bunker layout)

图5 沙坑破碎性试验破片回收样例

Fig.5 Fragment samples from recycling test

表6 破碎性试验统计格式

Table 6 Fragment recycling digital format

试验日期	战斗部编号	战斗部全重	破片质量分组
			<q1		q1 - q2		q2 - q3		q3 - q4		q4 - q5		q5 - q6		q6 - q7		……		qn-1 - qn		>qn
						数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比	数目	百分比

图6 破片数目及其质量分布统计图

Fig.6 Statistical histogram of fragment amount and mass

图7 试验布置

Fig.7 Test layout

图8 高速摄影记录的试验过程

Fig.8 High-speed photographically recorded test process

图9 试验获取的破片空间分布

Fig.9 Patial distribution of fragments obtained by experiments

图10 试验获取的超压曲线

Fig.10 Overpressure curve obtained by test

表7 破片质量区间修正系数

Table 7 Correction factor of fragment mass range

质量段	修正系数上线	修正系数下线	破片平均质量对比/g
质量段	修正系数上线	修正系数下线	试验值	模型修正
1g以下	0.645	0.605	0.40	0.41
1~3.99g	1.000	0.980	2.00	2.04
4~7.99g	0.858	0.846	5.50	5.52
8~11.99g	1.171	1.168	9.60	9.60
12~15.99g	1.620	1.618	13.80	13.76
16~19.99g	1.3752	1.3748	17.30	17.51
20~29.99g	1.200	1.1998	24.20	24.00
30~49.99g	1.000	0.9999	36.60	33.41
50~99.99g	1.000	0.9998	81.10	82.34
100g以上	1.000	1.000	0.00	0

图11 破片初速修正系数vf迭代计算曲线

Fig.11 Calculated curve of correction factor of fragment velocity

图12 修正模型与试验破片速度对比

Fig.12 Comparison of corrected and test fragment velocities

图13 模型还原实弹静爆试验数据对比

Fig.13 Model and test fragment scatering comparison

图14 破片威力数字模型飞散方向

Fig.14 Statistical results of fragment dispersion direction

图15 模型与试验冲击波超压数据对比

Fig.15 Model and test shock wave overpressure comparison

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