电磁轨道炮无线电引信综合电磁防护方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0944

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电磁轨道炮发射时膛内瞬变强磁场环境会使无线电引信电路中产生感应电流,对引信正常工作产生影响,因此需要采取合理的电磁屏蔽和防护措施保证引信可靠工作。针对上述问题,基于法拉第电磁感应定律,提出电磁轨道炮无线电引信综合电磁防护方法,即利用高磁导率材料壳体进行磁屏蔽,降低引信电路的磁感应强度;利用高电导率材料的涡流效应降低引信电路中的磁感应强度变化率;通过优化电路设计,减小引信电路回路面积;通过电路板布局,减小引信电路与磁场的点乘。强磁场环境下无线电引信的有限元模型的仿真分析结果表明,上述电磁防护方法有效,所得研究结果能够为电磁轨道炮无线电引信设计提供参考。

关键词: 电磁轨道炮, 无线电引信, 磁感应强度, 感应电动势, 电磁防护

Abstract:

The transient strong magnetic field environment in the bore during the launch of electromagnetic railgun can lead to the induced current in the radio fuze circuit, which affects the normal operation of fuze. Therefore, the shielding and protective measures need to be taken for the reliable operation of fuze. Based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, a comprehensive electromagnetic protection method is proposed for the radio fuze of electromagnetic railgun. A high permeability material shell is used for magnetic shielding to reduce the magnetic induction intensity of fuze circuit, and the rate of change in the magnetic induction intensity of fuze circuit is reduced by utilizing the eddy current effect of high conductivity material. The fuze circuit area is reduced by optimizing the circuit design, and the dot multiplication between the fuze circuit and the magnetic field is reduced through circuit board layout. The finite element model of radio fuze in the strong magnetic field environment of electromagnetic railgun is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the comprehensive electromagnetic protection method is effective. The research results can be used for reference in the design of radio fuze of electromagnetic railgun in the future.

Key words: electromagnetic railgun, wireless fuze, magnetic induction intensity, induced electromotive force, electromagnetic protection

中图分类号:

TJ43＋4.1

文瑞虎, 栗苹, 黄峥, 王海彬, 李鹏斐. 电磁轨道炮无线电引信综合电磁防护方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(11): 3833-3840.

WEN Ruihu, LI Ping, HUANG Zheng, WANG Haibin, LI Pengfei. Comprehensive Electromagnetic Protection Method of Radio Fuze for Electromagnetic Railgun[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(11): 3833-3840.

图/表 19

图1 电磁轨道炮原理图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic railgun

图2 三维瞬态电磁仿真模型

Fig.2 Three-dimensional transient electromagnetic simulation model

图3 激励电流

Fig.3 Excitation current

图4 电磁轨道炮无线电引信示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of radio fuze of electromagnetic railgun

图5 距离电枢不同位置的磁场分布(0.001s)

Fig.5 Distribution of magnetic field in different positions (0.001s)

图6 距离电枢不同位置处的磁感应强度随时间变化曲线

Fig.6 Magnetic induction intensity-time curves at different distances from armature

表1 不同时刻距离电枢不同位置处的磁感应强度

Table 1 Magnetic induction intensities at different distances from armature at different times T

时间/ms	距离电枢位置/mm
时间/ms	0	10	60	260	500
0.1	10.70	7.21	1.48	0.56	0.20
0.4	19.55	13.17	2.72	1.03	0.37
2.0	20.20	13.54	2.85	1.09	0.41
3.5	7.53	5.01	1.09	0.46	0.21

图7 电磁感应示意图

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic induction

图8 磁屏蔽示意图

Fig.8 Magnetic shielding diagram

图9 不同磁导率材料的磁屏蔽效能对比

Fig.9 Comparison of magnetic shielding effectivenesses of materials with different permeabilities

图10 不同厚度磁屏蔽效能对比

Fig.10 Comparison of magnetic shielding effectivenesses of different thicknesses

表2 不同厚度低碳钢的屏蔽效能

Tab.2 Shielding effectivenesses of low carbon steels with different thickness

参数	屏蔽层厚度/mm
参数	1	2	3	4	5
磁感应强度峰值/mT	34.2	18.18	12.54	9.65	7.91
磁屏蔽效能/dB	25.3	31.7	35.3	37.9	39.9

图11 采用不同电导率材料屏蔽后的磁感应强度随时间的变化曲线

Fig.11 Change curves of magnetic induction intensity after shielding with different conductivity materials

图12 采用不同电导率材料屏蔽后的磁感应强度变化率

Fig.12 Change rate of magnetic induction intensity after shielding with different conductivity materials

图13 采用不同厚度的良导体材料(铜)屏蔽后的磁感应强度随时间变化曲线

Fig.13 Variation curves of magnetic induction intensity after shielding with different thicknesses of good conductor materials (copper)

图14 磁通量穿过引信电路示意图

Fig.14 Schematic diagram of reducing the magnetic flux passing through fuze circuit

图15 电路回路面积对感应电动势的影响

Fig.15 Influence of circuit area on induced electromotive force

图16 电路与磁场的点乘示意图

Fig.16 Schematic diagram of dot multiplication between fuze circuit and magnetic field

图17 电路回路与磁场夹角对感应电动势的影响

Fig.17 The influence of the angle between fuze circuit and magnetic field on the induced electromotive force

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