连续式跨声速风洞中压缩机一体化设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为满足连续式跨声速风洞对主回路驱动压缩机运行范围宽广、气动性能优良、转速控制精度高、密封严密、喘振预防安全可靠的特殊要求，开展0.6 m连续式风洞驱动压缩机针对性设计，并进行机械运转试验、气密性试验、转速控制精度测试试验、热力性能试验、喘振预防试验验证。根据一体化设计理念，对压缩机进气室、排气室分别与风洞第1拐角段和第2拐角段整体设计，使结构紧凑、流动均匀、压力损失降低；采用充气密封和设置放空腔等设计，有效防止了润滑油泄漏到风洞内流道以及风洞内部试验气体向洞体外泄漏和风洞外部的湿空气进入风洞内部；基于主从控制模式和矢量控制技术，成功实现了两台电机的双端同步拖动。试验结果表明：0.6 m连续式风洞驱动压缩机设计合理，气动性能优良，运行平稳，密封效果良好；压缩机转速控制精度优于0.03%，防喘振控制安全可靠。

关键词: 连续式风洞, 驱动压缩机, 轴流压缩机, 一体化设计, 密封, 防喘振

Abstract: In order to meet the special requirements of continuous transonic wind tunnel for the main circuit driven compressor, including wide operating rang, excellent aerodynamic performance, high rotational speed control accuracy, tight sealing, and safe and reliable surge prevention, a compressor was designed for 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel, and the test verification was also made through mechanical running test, air tightness test, rotational speed control accuracy test, thermal performance test, and surge prevention test. The compressor's inlet chamber is integrated with the first corner of the wind tunnel and its outlet chamber is integrated with the second corner by adopting the integrated design concept. The structures of inlet and outlet chambers are compact, the gas flow is uniform, and the pressure loss is lower. The gas seal and cavity are used to effectively prevent the leakage of lubrication oil into the wind tunnel, the leakage of test gas out of the wind tunnel and the leakage of wet air into the wind tunnel. The master-slave control mode and vector control technology are used to realize the synchronous driving of two motors successfully. The test results show that the design of compressor for 0.6 m continuous wind tunnel is reasonable, of which aerodynamic performance is excellent, operation is stable, sealing effect is good, speed control accuracy of compressor is better than 0.03%, and surge prevention is safe and reliable.

Key words: continuouswindtunnel, drivencompressor, axial-flowcompressor, integrateddesign, seal, anti-surge

中图分类号:

V211.754

周恩民，顾蕴松，程松，刘恺，张文，王仪田，熊波. 连续式跨声速风洞中压缩机一体化设计[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1331-1338.

ZHOU Enmin， GU Yunsong， CHENG Song， LIU Kai， ZHANG Wen， WANG Yitian， XIONG Bo. Integrated Design of Compressor for Continuous Transonic Wind Tunnel[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(6): 1331-1338.

参考文献

［1］廖达雄, 陈吉明, 彭强, 等. 连续式跨声速风洞设计关键技术[J]. 实验流体力学, 2011, 25(4): 74-77.
LIAO D X, CHEN J M, PENG Q, et al. Key design techniques of the low noise continuous transonic wind tunnel [J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 25(4):74-77. (in Chinese)
[2］高超, 王娜, 袁先士, 等. NF-6增压连续式高速风洞压缩机喘振边界的确定[J]. 实验流体力学, 2013, 27(5): 61-65.
GAO C, WANG N, YUAN X S, et al. Determination of the axial-flow compressor surge boundary in NF-6 pressurized continuously-operating high-speed wind tunnel [J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2013, 27(5):61-65. (in Chinese)
[3］惠增宏, 何明一. NF-6风洞压缩机及驱动系统研制[J]. 实验流体力学, 2005, 19(4):31-35.
HUI Z H, HE M Y. NF-6 wind tunnel compressor and driving system[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2005, 19(4): 31-35. (in Chinese)
[4］何智, 高超, 王三俊, 等. AV90-2轴流压缩机轴承座漏油故障分析及处理[J]. 润滑与密封, 2006, 173(1):132-136.
HE Z, GAO C, WANG S J, et al. Analysis and dispose of bearing box leakage oil trouble for AV90-2 axial compressor [J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2006, 173(1):132-136. (in Chinese)
[5］郝礼书, 乔志德, 郗忠祥, 等. AV90-2轴流压缩机漏油问题的分析研究[J]. 润滑与密封, 2009, 34(1):97-103.
HAO L S, QIAO Z D, XI Z X, et al. Analysis and research of oil leakage for the AV90-2 axial compressor[J]. Lubrication Engineering,2009, 34(1):97-103. (in Chinese)
[6］陈振华, 聂徐庆, 杨文国, 等. 小型低温风洞压缩机转子结构设计[J]. 实验流体力学, 2018, 32(1):98-104.
CHEN Z H, NIE X Q, YANG W G, et al. Structural design of a small cryogenic wind tunnel compressor rotor[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2018, 32(1):98-104. (in Chinese)
[7］聂徐庆, 杨文国, 陈万华, 等.连续式风洞电机-联轴器-压缩机转子轴系横向振动分析[J]. 风机技术, 2018, 60(2): 60-65.
NIE X Q, YANG W G, CHEN W H, et al. Lateral vibration ana-lysis of the motor-compressor rotor shaft coupling in a continuous wind tunnel [J]. Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery, 2018, 60(2): 60-65. (in Chinese)
[8］张文, 周恩民, 刘恺, 等.连续式跨声速风洞动力系统运行安全研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2016, 37(7): 1330-1336.
ZHANG W, ZHOU E M, LIU K, et al. Research on operational safety of driving system of continuous transonic wind tunnel [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2016, 37(7): 1330-1336. (in Chinese)
[9］贾赫权. 0.6 m连续式跨声速风洞压缩机轴系转子动力学特性研究[D]. 北京:军事科学院, 2019:1-53.
JIA H Q. Research on the rotor dynamics characteristics of the shafting of the 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel compressor[D]. Beijing: Academy of Military Sciences, 2019:1-53. (in Chinese)
[10］周恩民, 程松, 刘恺, 等. 0.6 m连续式风洞压缩机系统的调试研究[J]. 流体机械, 2015, 43(11):10-15.
ZHOU E M, CHENG S, LIU K, et al. Study of the compressor system's debugging in 0.6 m continuous wind tunnel [J]. Fluid Machinery,2015, 43(11):10-15. (in Chinese)
[11］熊波, 周恩民, 程松, 等. 0.6 m连续式风洞调试运行关键技术研究[J]. 实验流体力学, 2016, 30(4):81-86.
XIONG B, ZHOU E M, CHENG S, et al. Research on key technologies of debugging and operating in 0.6 m continuous transonic wind tunnel [J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2016, 30(4):81-86. (in Chinese)
[12］周恩民, 程松, 许靖, 等. 0.6 m连续式跨声速风洞AV90-3轴流压缩机喘振边界测试研究[J]. 实验流体力学, 2014, 28(5):81-85.
ZHOU E M, CHENG S, XU J, et al. Surge margin test and research of AV90-3 axial compressor in 0.6 m continuous wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2014, 28(5): 81-85. (in Chinese)
[13］郝礼书, 乔志德, 武洁, 等. NF-6风洞AV90-2轴流压缩机喘振曲线测试研究[J]. 西北工业大学学报, 2009, 27(4): 477-488.
HAO L S, QIAO Z D, WU J, et al. Surge curve test and research of AV90-2 axial compressor in NF-6 continuous wind tunnel [J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2009, 27(4): 477-488. (in Chinese)
[14］郝礼书, 乔志德. AV90-2轴流压缩机防喘振控制系统的设计研究[J]. 压缩机技术, 2008(3):11-13.
HAO L S, QIAO Z D. Design and research on anti-surge control system of AV90-2 axial compressor [J]. Compressor Technology, 2008(3):11-13. (in Chinese)
[15］惠增宏. NF-6风洞轴流压缩机喘振信号检测、分析与应用 [D]. 西安:西北工业大学, 2006:22-26.
HUI Z H. Surge signal detection, analysis and application of axial flow compressor in NF-6 transonic wind tunnel[D]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2006: 22-26. (in Chinese)
[16］刘恺, 周恩民, 张文, 等. 连续式高速风洞压缩机转速测量装置研制与应用[J]. 电气传动, 2017, 47(2):60-64.
LIU K, ZHOU E M, ZHANG W, et al. Development and application of compressor speed measurement device in continuous high speed wind tunnel [J]. Electric Drive,2017, 47(2):60-64. (in Chinese)
[17］刘恺, 周恩民, 张文, 等. 一种风机转速测速装置: CN204061259U[P]. 2014-12-31.
LIU K, ZHOU E M, ZHANG W, et al. A fan speed measuring device: CN204061259U[P]. 2014-12-31. (in Chinese)

[1]	何新智, 王志斌, 李德才. 屈服应力对磁性液体密封启动扭矩的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(4): 892-898.
[2]	张欣尉, 余永刚, 莽珊珊. 装药参数对水下机枪密封式膛口流场影响的数值分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(1): 18-27.
[3]	宫燃，张鹤，车华军，徐宜. 复合材料密封环微观摩擦状态模拟与摩擦性能对比分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(3): 421-426.
[4]	何新智, 李德才, 郝瑞参. 屈服应力对磁性液体密封性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(1): 175-181.
[5]	赵一民，魏超，苑士华. 两种空化边界条件下的旋转密封润滑状态分析与试验[J]. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(12): 1937-1943.
[6]	杨小龙，李德才，邢斐斐. 大间隙多级磁源磁性液体密封的实验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2013, 34(12): 1620-1624.
[7]	张强，马朝臣，曲荀之. 一种车用内燃机涡轮增压-燃气发电一体化设计方案[J]. 兵工学报, 2012, 33(7): 799-803.
[8]	陈燕，李德才. 坦克周视镜磁性液体密封的设计与实验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2011, 32(11): 1428-1432.
[9]	李德才，杨文明. 大直径大间隙磁性液体静密封的实验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2010, 31(3): 355-359.
[10]	李晋珩，周兰英，庞思勤，胡纪滨. TiAlN/TiN减摩耐磨涂层试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2009, 30(5): 597-601.
[11]	张浩，陆欣，余永刚，周彦煌. 某口径埋头弹火炮的密封与装药设计[J]. 兵工学报, 2006, 27(4): 630-633.
[12]	陆小军，刘学广，王志选,梁杰,孙巍,李明,吕纯昌. 多环境变量模拟密封舱及计算机测控技术[J]. 兵工学报, 2002, 23(2): 265-269.
[13]	廖日东，左正兴. 柴油机气缸盖/气缸套之间的密封性能研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2000, 21(1): 5-9.