瞬态泄压条件下不同喷口结构的底部排气弹尾部流场特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了分析底部排气（简称底排）弹出膛口时，底排燃烧室瞬态泄压过程中喷口结构对底排弹尾部流场特性的影响，采用改进的对流迎风矢通量分裂（AUSM+）格式、SST k-ω湍流模型，编程求解二维轴对称Navier-Stokes方程。通过数值模拟方法研究环型喷口和圆孔型喷口底排弹尾部流场结构和特征参数变化，对比分析了不同喷口尺寸下的底排弹尾部流场特性。计算结果表明：在泄压过程中，圆孔型喷口尾部流场由高度欠膨胀射流发展为亚音速射流，而环型喷口尾部流场由高度欠膨胀环状射流在中心轴线上挤压形成中心射流后，再发展为亚音速环状射流；环型喷口在泄压后期有效削弱船尾拐角处的膨胀波，流线更为平滑；在泄压中后期，环型喷口底部平均静压和平均静温更高，增压减阻效果更好；同种喷孔排气面积比越大，降压速率越快，压力回升过程越慢，但排气面积比对泄压过程末态流场参数影响较小。

关键词: 底部排气弹, 瞬态泄压, 喷口结构, 尾部流场

Abstract: The improved advection upstream splitting method (AUSM+) scheme and the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model are used to solve the two-dimensional axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations for investigating the effects of different nozzle structures on the wake flow field characteristics of base-bleed projectile under transient depressurization during launching from muzzle. The structures of wake flow filed and the characteristic parameters of base bleed projectiles with annular and circular nozzles were obtained by numerical simulation. The wake flow field characteristics of base-bleed projectiles with different nozzle sizes were compared and analyzed. Calculated results show that the wake flow field at circular nozzle develops from a highly under-expanded jet to a subsonic jet during transient depressurization. In the case of annular nozzle，a highly under-expanded annular jet is extruded to be a central jet on the centerline，and then develops to a subsonic annular jet，in which an expansion wave at the corner of boattail is weakened effectively and the streamline is smoother in the end of depressurization process.The average static pressure and average static temperature at the base of the annular nozzle are higher than those at the circular nozzle，and the effect of drag reduction is better. Jet size has little effect on the base flow field at the end of the depressurization process，but the depressurization rate is higher with the increase in exhaust area ratio，and the rate of pressure rise becomes slower.

Key words: basebleedprojectile, transientdepressurization, nozzlestructure, wakeflowfiled

中图分类号:

TJ410.2

周书培，余永刚. 瞬态泄压条件下不同喷口结构的底部排气弹尾部流场特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(12): 2432-2443.

ZHOU Shupei， YU Yonggang. Wake Flow Field Characteristics of Base-bleed Projectiles with Different Nozzle Structures under Transient Depressurization[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(12): 2432-2443.

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