石墨微胶囊改性超高分子量聚乙烯舰船水润滑尾轴承复合材料的摩擦学性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.11.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 舰船水润滑尾轴承用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)材料在低速重载工况下常出现严重磨损，填充石墨能够提高材料的自润滑性，但会因团聚效应难以共混均匀，将石墨微胶囊化可提高分散性。通过复乳液法制备芯材为石墨、壁材为脲醛树脂的微胶囊，与UHMWPE共混制成复合材料，并制备石墨共混材料作为对照组。在载荷为0.6 MPa、转速分别为150 r/min和250 r/min的工况下测试复合材料的摩擦磨损性能；利用激光干涉表面轮廓仪和扫描电子显微镜观察其磨损面形貌，分析磨损机理。结果表明：石墨微胶囊在基体材料中具有良好的分散性，能够降低材料的摩擦系数并且使摩擦系数变化更为稳定；适量的石墨微胶囊能改善磨损面形貌，降低磨损量；试验中微胶囊含量为5%的材料摩擦学性能最好，150 r/min时摩擦系数为0.110，与纯UHMWPE相比降低了23.61%.

关键词: 水润滑尾轴承, 超高分子量聚乙烯, 石墨, 微胶囊, 摩擦学性能

Abstract: The severe abrasion wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) materials for ship water-lubricated stern bearings usually occurs under low-speed and heavy-load conditions. The self-lubrication of materials could be improved by filling the graphite, but UHMWPE is difficult to be uniformly blended with graphite due to the agglomeration effect of graphite. Microencapsulation of graphite can improve its dispersion. The double emulsion method is employed to prepare the microcapsules, in which the core material is graphite and the wall material is urea-formaldehyde resin. Microcapsule composites are prepared by blending UHMWPE and microcapsules. In addition, the graphite composites are prepared as control groups. The friction and wear properties of the composites were tested under the load of 0.6 MPa and the rotation speed of 150 r/min or 250 r/min. The morphology of the worn surface was observed by the laser interferometer surface profiler and scanning electron microscope, and the wear mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the graphite-containing microcapsules have good dispersion in the matrix material, reduce the friction coefficient of the friction pairs and make the variation trend of friction coefficient more stable. Furthermore, a proper amount of graphite-containing microcapsules can improve the wear surface morphology and reduce the wear loss. The composites with 5% microcapsule content have the best tribological performance under the test conditions, and the friction coefficient is 0.110, and is decreased by 23.91% compared with pure UHMWPE at 150 r/min.

Key words: water-lubricatedsternbearing, UHMWPE, graphite, microcapsule, tribologicalproperty

中图分类号:

杨振祥，郭智威，袁成清. 石墨微胶囊改性超高分子量聚乙烯舰船水润滑尾轴承复合材料的摩擦学性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(11): 2281-2291.

YANG Zhenxiang, GUO Zhiwei, YUAN Chengqing. Tribological Properties of UHMWPE Composites Modified with Graphite-containing Microcapsules for Ship Water-lubricatedStern Bearings[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(11): 2281-2291.

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