多频谱发烟组件结构设计与遮蔽性能

doi:10.12382/bgxb/2021.0818

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为有效对抗多模导引头，通过原位反应和复合配药技术制备一种多频谱干扰剂，同时根据发烟弹的使用预期设计、制造多频谱干扰剂配套的发烟组件。通过烟箱实验分析多频谱干扰剂的红外透过率、毫米波衰减值、可见光透过率，基于朗伯比尔定律计算其在红外、可见光波段的质量消光系数。运用静爆法对发烟组件与多频谱干扰剂的匹配效果进行测试，得到发烟组件的发烟过程、有效烟幕宽度和持续时间。实验结果表明：多频谱干扰剂在1~3 μm、3~5 μm、8~14 μm的红外透过率分别为1.98%、3.04%、8.11%，3 mm、8 mm波的衰减值分别可达-14.52 dB和-11.76 dB，0.4~0.8 μm可见光透过率为6.96%；1~3 μm、3~5 μm、8~14 μm、0.4~0.8 μm的质量消光系数分别为1.28 m²/g、1.14 m²/g、0.82 m²/g、0.87 m²/g；烟幕持续时间大于60 s，有效烟幕宽度大于60 m；装填多频谱干扰剂的发烟组件具有良好的遮蔽能力，成烟迅速，形成的烟幕云团稳定，是干扰多模导引头的一种有效方法。

关键词: 发烟组件, 多频谱干扰剂, 碳纤维, 石墨烯, 碳纳米管, 多频谱干扰

Abstract:

The survivability of battlefield targets has been greatly threatened due to the employment of a series of advanced precision-guided munitions. To meet the performance requirements of multi-band interference, the multi-spectral interfering agent and smoke module were prepared through in-situ synthesis reaction, compound dispensing technique and numerical calculation, respectively. The infrared transmittance, mm-Wave attenuation and visible transmittance spectra of the multi-spectral interfering agent were characterized by a smoke screen test system. Mass extinction coefficients at infrared and visible bands were measured using the Beer-Lambert law. The matching performance of smoke module and multi-spectral interfering agent was examined by using an explosion experiment. The smoke screen production process, effective smoke screen width and smoke duration were obtained. The transmittance of the multi-spectral interfering agent was 1.98% at 1-3 μm, 3.04% at 3-5 μm, 8.11% at 8-14 μm and 6.96% at 0.4-0.8 μm. α_e was 1.28 m²/g at 1-3 μm, 1.14 m²/g at 3-5 μm, 0.82 m²/g at 8-14 μm and 0.87 m²/g at 0.4-0.8 μm. The attenuation values of 3 mm and 8 mm waves were -14.52 dB and -11.76 dB. The duration of smoke screen was greater than 60 s, and the effective smoke screen width exceeded 60 m. This study demonstrates that the smoke module equipped with multi-spectral interfering agent is an efficient strategy to jam advanced precision-guided munitions.

Key words: smoke module, multispectral interfering agent, carbon fiber, graphene, carbon nanotubes, multi-spectral interference

李笑楠, 李天鹏, 张开创, 陈浩, 郭爱强, 高欣宝. 多频谱发烟组件结构设计与遮蔽性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(3): 910-918.

LI Xiaonan, LI Tianpeng, ZHANG Kaichuang, CHEN Hao, GUO Aiqiang, GAO Xinbao. Structural Design and Shielding Performance of Multi-spectral Interfering Smoke Module[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(3): 910-918.

图/表 8

图1 子弹罐体正视图

Fig. 1 Front view of the smoke canister

图2 多频谱干扰剂制备流程图

Fig. 2 Preparation flow chart of the multi-spectral interfering agent

图3 烟箱测试系统

Fig. 3 Smoke screen test system

图4 实爆实验系统

Fig. 4 Explosion experiment system

图5 多频谱干扰剂的红外透过率、毫米波衰减能力、可见光透过率曲线

Fig. 5 Infrared transmittance, mm-Wave attenuation and visible transmittance spectra of the multi-spectral interfering agent

表1 多频谱干扰剂在红外、可见光波段的质量消光系数

Table 1 Mass extinction coefficient of the multi-spectral interfering agent at infrared and visible bands

波段/μm	透过率/%	α_e/(m²·g^-1)
1~3	1.98	1.28
3~5	3.04	1.14
8~14	8.11	0.82
0.4~0.8	6.96	0.87

表2 实爆实验各时段风速、风向

Table 2 Time series of wind speed and wind direction in the smoke module explosion experiment

时间/s	风速/(m·s^-1)	风向/(°)
0	2.4	138
10	2.6	136
20	2.6	137
30	2.0	140
40	2.3	144
50	2.7	146
60	2.7	139

表3 发烟组件实爆实验

Table 3 Images of the smoke module explosion experiment

t/s	全景摄像机拍摄图像	红外热像仪拍摄图像
1
10
20
60

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