高速俯冲三维线阵合成孔径雷达空变相位补偿及聚焦处理

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0596

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

三维线阵合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)与高速平台相结合,可实现极限场景下的成像。但要完成该体制下的SAR成像,要克服因其高速度、大加速度所带来的更复杂的距离徙动和空变特性。提出适用于高速平台三维线阵SAR的回波信号模型及斜距模型,并利用隐函数求导的方法实现对三维频谱的求取。为了均衡方位向及跨航向空变调制相位,利用最小二乘拟合方法进行方位向和跨航向的二维重采样操作,完成对该两个维度上空变相位误差的补偿。研究结果表明,新提出的基于最小二乘拟合的补偿算法能有效去除空变相位误差对成像的影响,提高了在高速场景下三维线阵SAR的成像性能,仿真实验验证了新算法的有效性。

关键词: 合成孔径雷达, 三维线阵, 前视成像, 高速平台, 空变相位误差补偿, 最小二乘拟合

Abstract:

The combination of 3D linear array synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and high-speed platform can achieve imaging in extreme scenarios.To achieve imaging under this SAR system with high-speed platform,it is necessary to overcome the more complex range migration and space-variant characteristics caused by high speed and large acceleration.This paper proposes an echo signal model and a slant range model suitable for 3D linear array SAR on high-speed platform,and uses the implicit function derivation method to achieve the acquisition of 3D frequency spectrum.To balance the azimuth and cross-track space-variant modulated phases,the least squares fitting method is employed for two-dimensional resampling operations in the azimuth and cross-track directions for completing the compensation for space-variant phase errors in these two dimensions.The proposed compensation algorithm based on least squares fitting can effectively eliminates the impact of space-variant phase errors on imaging,thereby enhancing the imaging performance of 3D linear array SAR in high-speed scenarios.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through simulation experiment.

Key words: synthetic aperture radar, 3D linear array, forward looking imaging, high speed platform, space-variant phase error compensation, least squares fitting

中图分类号:

V243.2

刘璨, 谭鸽伟. 高速俯冲三维线阵合成孔径雷达空变相位补偿及聚焦处理[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(6): 240596-.

LIU Can, TAN Gewei. Space-variant Phase Compensation and Focusing Processing of High-speed Diving 3D Linear Array SAR[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(6): 240596-.

图/表 8

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参数	数值
载频f_c/GHz	20
发射信号带宽B_r/MHz	120
脉冲宽度T_r/μs	1.5
平台高度H/m	4500
雷达初始速度v=(v_x,0,v_z)/(m·s^-1)	(400,0,100)
加速度a=(a_x,0,a_z)/(m·s^-2)	(20,0,10)
天线间隔d/m	0.15

参数	数值
载频f_c/GHz	20
发射信号带宽B_r/MHz	120
脉冲宽度T_r/μs	1.5
平台高度H/m	4500
雷达初始速度v=(v_x,0,v_z)/(m·s^-1)	(400,0,100)
加速度a=(a_x,0,a_z)/(m·s^-2)	(20,0,10)
天线间隔d/m	0.15

方向	参数	文献[14]算法			文献[17]算法			本文算法
方向	参数	P0	P1	P2	P0	P1	P2	P0	P1	P2
距离向	PSLR/dB	-11.35	-14.35	-	-12.30	-11.55	-12.22	-12.59	-12.69	-13.02
	ISLR/dB	-10.64	-12.56	-	-10.36	-10.25	-9.81	-9.93	-10.09	-10.88
	IRW/m	1.91	2.32	2.98	1.76	1.76	1.88	1.14	1.30	1.30
方位向	PSLR/dB	-8.65	-13.86	-5.68	-13.02	-10.69	-11.87	-12.12	-12.70	-12.76
	ISLR/dB	-11.84	-12.64	-	-10.28	-13.64	-10.84	-9.58	-10.07	-10.01
	IRW/m	2.06	2.39	2.87	1.88	2.02	1.95	1.29	1.36	1.29
跨航向	PSLR/dB	-11.02	-12.68	-10.65	-11.68	-10.18	-10.88	-12.32	-11.25	-12.23
	ISLR/dB	-8.65	-8.96	-9.02	-9.69	-8.72	-8.50	-10.58	-10.87	-9.77
	IRW/m	2.06	2.17	2.13	1.80	1.80	1.84	1.32	1.25	1.25

方向	参数	文献[14]算法			文献[17]算法			本文算法
方向	参数	P0	P1	P2	P0	P1	P2	P0	P1	P2
距离向	PSLR/dB	-11.35	-14.35	-	-12.30	-11.55	-12.22	-12.59	-12.69	-13.02
	ISLR/dB	-10.64	-12.56	-	-10.36	-10.25	-9.81	-9.93	-10.09	-10.88
	IRW/m	1.91	2.32	2.98	1.76	1.76	1.88	1.14	1.30	1.30
方位向	PSLR/dB	-8.65	-13.86	-5.68	-13.02	-10.69	-11.87	-12.12	-12.70	-12.76
	ISLR/dB	-11.84	-12.64	-	-10.28	-13.64	-10.84	-9.58	-10.07	-10.01
	IRW/m	2.06	2.39	2.87	1.88	2.02	1.95	1.29	1.36	1.29
跨航向	PSLR/dB	-11.02	-12.68	-10.65	-11.68	-10.18	-10.88	-12.32	-11.25	-12.23
	ISLR/dB	-8.65	-8.96	-9.02	-9.69	-8.72	-8.50	-10.58	-10.87	-9.77
	IRW/m	2.06	2.17	2.13	1.80	1.80	1.84	1.32	1.25	1.25