基于知识的复杂产品装配工艺快速编制方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.1225

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对复杂产品装配工艺设计过程中存在的编制效率低、质量波动大、自动化和智能化程度低等问题,提出一种面向语义的知识实例检索和复用的装配工艺快速编制方法。分析复杂产品装配工艺业务流程,建立基于知识检索层和知识实例层的双层装配工艺知识模型,从内容、类型、功能及应用方向对知识进行分类。在此基础上,针对已有的知识实例,提出基于Sentence-BERT句向量模型的工艺文档语义分析方法,结合余弦相似度算法给出了工艺知识的语义检索方法,实现知识在装配工艺设计流程中的快速复用。以某航天产品为例,开发航天产品装配工艺快速设计管理系统,构建装配工艺知识库,并在某制造企业上线运行,验证所提方法的可行性,使工艺编制效率大幅提升。

关键词: 复杂产品, 装配, 知识模型, 句向量, 语义检索, 知识库

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of low preparation efficiency, high quality fluctuation and low automation and intelligence in the process of complex product assembly process design, a fast preparation method for assembly process with semantic-oriented knowledge instance retrieval and reuse is proposed. A two-layer assembly process knowledge model based on the knowledge retrieval layer and the knowledge instance layer is established by analyzing the assembly process of complex product, and the knowledge is classified in terms of content, type, function and application direction. On this basis, a process document semantic analysis method based on the Sentence-BERT sentence embeddings model is proposed for the existing knowledge instances. The semantic retrieval method of process knowledge is given combined with the cosine similarity algorithm, and the rapid reuse of knowledge in the design process of assembly process is realized. Taking aerospace products as an example, a rapid design management system of aerospace product assembly process is developed, and a knowledge base for the assembly process is constructed and put into operation in an aerospace enterprise to verify the feasibility of the proposed method, resulting in a significant increase in process preparation efficiency.

Key words: complex product, assembly, knowledge model, sentence embeddings, senmantic retrieval, knowledge base

中图分类号:

TP391

翟思宽, 刘检华, 庄存波. 基于知识的复杂产品装配工艺快速编制方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(4): 1332-1343.

ZHAI Sikuan, LIU Jianhua, ZHUANG Cunbo. Knowledge-based Rapid Preparation Method for Complex Product Assembly Process[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(4): 1332-1343.

图/表 16

图1 复杂产品装配工艺业务流程

Fig.1 Business process for complex product assembly processes

图2 双层装配工艺知识模型

Fig.2 Double layer assembly process knowledge model

图3 Sentence-BERT模型的结构

Fig.3 Structure of Sentence-BERT model

图4 装配工艺知识实例的检索流程

Fig.4 Retrieval process for examples of assembly process knowledge

图5 工艺需求说明文档

Fig.5 Process requirements illustrative document

图6 某卫星载荷舱结构装配工序工艺卡

Fig.6 Process card for the assembly process of a satellite payload bay structure

表1 “Procedure”表字段

Table 1 Fields of Procedure table

PCD_ ID	PCD_ NAME	PCD_ WORKTYPE	PCD_ CONTENT	PCD_ ASMFLOW NODEID
123	下舱装配	总装	将下舱装入…	24

表2 “Step”表字段

Table 2 Fields of Step table

STP_ ID	STP_ NAME	STP_ WORKTYPE	STP_ CONTENT	STP_ PARENTPRO CEDUREID
445	M6.1	钳工	将载荷舱底板安装在载荷舱转接环上,…	123

图7 文本数据对应的句向量

Fig.7 Sentence embeddings corresponding to text data

表3 句向量相似度计算结果

Table 3 Calculated results of sentence embeddings similarity

知识实例	相似度
Process-01	0.4454
Process-02	0.7964
Process-03	0.8296
Process-04	0.2633
Process-05	0.3256
Process-06	0.5859
Process-07	0.4655
Process-08	0.5212
Process-09	0.5063
Process-10	0.7524

图8 基于工艺知识库的工艺设计流程

Fig.8 Process design process based on process knowledge base

图9 典型工艺库界面

Fig.9 Interface of a typical process library

图10 上传工艺需求

Fig.10 Upload process requirement

图11 装配工艺检索结果

Fig.11 Assembly process search results

图12 装配工艺内容继承

Fig.12 Assembly process content inheritance

图13 装配工艺规范性自动审查界面

Fig.13 Interface of automatic inspection of assembly process specification

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