Design of UWB Vivaldi Antenna for Through-wall Radar

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.1052

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to meet the needs of ultra-wideband (UWB), high-gain, and miniaturized antenna for through-wall radar, a new ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna for through-wall radar is proposed. The antenna surface current is optimized and the antenna gain is improved by designing a chute with gradient distribution. An asymmetric elliptical curvature director is loaded to couple the high-frequency energy and improve the high-frequency gain of antenna. The working frequency band of the antenna is 1-3GHz, and its gain reaches 7dBi. The antenna has the directional symmetrical radiation characteristics and good time-domain response characteristics. The antenna size is 160mm×150mm×1.5mm. The through-wall scene is simulated by using the full-wave simulation software to verify the antenna’s through-wall radiation capability and target detection capability behind the wall. The transmission signal and target echo signal indicate that the Vivaldi antenna has the performance of a through-wall radar antenna.

Key words: through-wall radar, Vivaldi antenna, ultra-wideband, high-gain

CLC Number:

TM937

ZHEN Fajian, LIU Yunqing, LI Xingguang, TONG Yongcai. Design of UWB Vivaldi Antenna for Through-wall Radar[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(12): 4508-4516.

Figures/Tables 19

Fig.1 Antenna structure diagram

Table 1 Antenna parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
W_ant/mm	160	L_ant/mm	150
W_g/mm	100	L_l/mm	20
W_m/mm	2.72	L_s/mm	15

Fig.2 Effect of different gradient values on antenna performance

Fig.3 Effect of different tilt angles on antenna performance

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of antenna current distribution

Fig.5 Effect of loading top edge slot on antenna gain

Fig.6 Effect of loading asymmetric director on antenna gain

Fig.7 Antenna return loss and gain

Fig.8 Antenna 3D pattern

Fig.9 Antenna prototype

Fig.10 Antenna test environment

Fig.11 Antenna return loss measured comparison chart

Fig.12 Time-domain waveform comparison chart

Fig.13 Double antenna wall transmission model

Fig.14 Effect of wall thickness on transmitted signal

Fig.15 Distribution of electric field on horizontal plane

Fig.16 Target detection model of dual antenna behind wall

Fig.17 The influence of target or no target behind the wall on the echo signal

Table 2 Comparison of through-wall radar antenna performances

天线	工作频段/GHz	增益/dBi	尺寸/mm
本文设计天线	1~3	5.0~7.5	160×150
文献[13]天线	4~6	4.0~7.5	110×81
文献[14]天线	2.94~3.54	5	33×24
文献[16]天线	0.5~2.5	5~10	250×200
文献[17]天线	1.7~11.4	1~8	128×70
文献[18]天线	1.87~2.91	6.8~9.8	150×80
文献[21]天线	2~4	≤10	280×150

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