Experimental and Simulation Study on Axial Force Variation of Turbocharger

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0045

Abstract

Abstract:

A turbocharger axial force measurement scheme based on suspension design was proposed to solve the problems of narrow measuring range and zero drift in turbocharger axial force measurement, and experimentally measure the axial load of turbocharger rotor. Furthermore, a simulation analysis model of turbocharger compressor and turbine was established, including wheel back clearance and seal ring clearance, and the reliability of the model was verified based on the test results. The general variation of axial force of turbocharger compressor and turbine wheel with working conditions was revealed through this model. The results showed that: under the condition of external blowing, the axial force of the turbocharger rotor increases with the decrease of the mass flow rate of the compressor end at the same speed; in self-circulation state, at the speed lower than rated speed, the axial force of the turbocharger rotor increases as the speed increases, while at the speed greater than rated speed, the axial force of the turbocharger rotor decreases with the increasing speed; in addition, at the same speed, the axial load of the compressor increases with the decreasing inlet mass flow except around the surge point, the axial load of the turbine increases with the increasing mass flow rate at the turbine inlet; the two regions with the largest axial loads at the compressor end and turbine end are the impeller back disk and the impeller hub, and the directions of the axial loads in the two regions are opposite.

Key words: turbocharger, thrust bearing, axial load, numerical simulation and calculation

CLC Number:

TK421⁺.8

WANG Cuicui, YAN Ruiqian, DING Zhanming, TONG Ding, WU Xintao, GAO Chao, ZHUANG Li. Experimental and Simulation Study on Axial Force Variation of Turbocharger[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(1): 307-315.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Turbocharger specificationsmm

参数	数值
涡轮进口叶尖直径	84
涡轮出口叶尖直径	75
涡轮进口叶高	13.8
压气机叶轮进口叶尖直径	66
压气机叶轮出口叶尖直径	93

Fig.1 Turbocharger axial load measurement scheme

Fig.2 Test bench

Fig.3 Load directions of the turbocharger rotor

Fig.4 Compressor performance and axial force at each speed

Fig.5 Thrust forces at different rotating speed in a self-circulating state

Fig.6 Grid models of compressor

Fig.7 Grid models of turbine

Table 2 Boundary conditions for CFD simulation

算例	增压器转速/ (r·min^-1)	涡轮进口总温/K	涡轮进口总压/kPa	涡轮出口静压/kPa	压气机进口总压/kPa	压气机进口总温/K	压气机出口总压/kPa
1	91534	923.15	238.22	100.35	100	303.75	190
2	90933	923.15	226.39	100.35	100	303.75	210
3	90557	923.15	223.92	100.35	100	303.75	230
4	90332	923.15	211.16	100.35	100	303.75	250
5	91309	923.15	210.94	100.35	100	303.75	252
6	91309	923.15	207.43	100.35	100	303.75	243

Fig.8 Comparision of thrust forces

Fig.9 Thrust forces of compressor at different mass flow rates

Fig.10 Thrust forces of turbine at different mass flow rates

Fig.11 Comparison of axial force components

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