多次内爆炸荷载下剪力墙累积毁伤破坏试验

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0768

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着导弹武器制导精度和侵彻能力的提高,多次内部爆炸毁伤逐渐成为打击建筑物的重要形式。剪力墙作为建筑物中重要的结构构件,内爆炸下的毁伤机制和破坏模式有待深入研究。为较好地再现剪力墙的约束条件和荷载环境,利用一个1/3缩尺钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构,对剪力墙开展不同TNT当量的多次内爆炸试验。通过分析构件的裂缝分布、损伤情况和跨中位移等,探讨内爆炸威力、加载次数等对剪力墙构件的破坏模式、毁伤等级的影响。试验结果表明:内爆炸荷载较弱时,多次作用将使剪力墙的破坏模式由弯曲破坏向弯剪破坏、且以弯为主转变;当内爆炸荷载较强时,剪力墙的破坏模式由弯剪破坏且以剪为主向完全剪切破坏转变;多次内爆炸作用后,当剪力墙存在初始轻度毁伤时,其抵抗变形能力强于不存在初始损伤的剪力墙,当剪力墙存在初始中度及其以上毁伤时,其抵抗变形能力弱于不存在初始损伤的构件;开展剪力墙构件的累积毁伤评估时,应考虑多次毁伤间的相互关联性。

关键词: 剪力墙, 内爆炸, 累积毁伤, 毁伤评估

Abstract:

With the improvement of guidance precision and penetration capability of missile weapons, multiple internal explosions have gradually become an important form of attacking buildings. Shear wall is an important structural component in buildings, and its damage mechanism and failure mode need to be further studied under internal explosions. In order to reproduce the constraint conditions and load scenarios of shear wall, a 1/3 scaled reinforced concrete structure was used to conduct multiple internal explosion tests with different TNT charge masses. By analyzing the crack pattern, damage level and mid-span displacement of structure component, the influence of internal explosion strength and loading times on the failure mode and damage level of the shear wall is studied. The results indicated that when the internal explosive load is small, the failure mode of shear wall would change from bending to bending-shear. However, when the internal explosive load is large, the failure mode of shear wall would change from bending-shear to complete shear. Under the multiple explosive loading scenarios, the deformation resistance of shear wall with initial mild damage is larger than that of the shear wall without initial damage. On the other hand, the deformation resistance of shear wall with the initial moderate or higher-level damage is lower than that of the shear wall without initial damage. Therefore, the correlation between multiple damages should be considered in order to evaluate the cumulative damage of shear wall component.

Key words: shear wall, internal explosion, cumulative damage, damage assessment

中图分类号:

O383

柏准, 胡玉涛, 钱秉文, 姚杭, 李献, 郭学康. 多次内爆炸荷载下剪力墙累积毁伤破坏试验[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 50-58.

BAI Zhun, HU Yutao, QIAN Bingwen, YAO Hang, LI Xian, GUO Xuekang. Experimental Study on Cumulative Damage of Shear Wall Under Multiple Internal Explosions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 50-58.

图/表 13

图1 钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构三维图

Fig.1 Three-dimensional view of reinforced concrete shear wall structure

图2 冲击波压力传感器现场安装情况

Fig.2 Installation of blast pressure transducer

图3 位移计和加速度计现场安装情况

Fig.3 Installation of displacement gauge and velocity gauge

表1 试验工况设置

Table 1 Setting of test scenarios

工况编号	装药位置(内部空间几何中心)	TNT当量/g
1-1	房间1	250
1-2	房间1	400
1-3	房间1	400
2-1	房间2	400
3-1	房间3	800
3-2	房间3	800

图4 内爆炸下剪力墙表面典型超压荷载

Fig.4 Overpressure-time history curve of shear walls under internal explosion scenarios

表2 房间1内爆炸后剪力墙的裂缝分布与损伤情况

Table 2 Crack pattern and damage of shear walls in Room 1 after internal explosion

表3 房间2内爆炸后剪力墙的裂缝分布与损伤情况

Table 3 Crack pattern and damage of shear walls in Room 2 after internal explosion

表4 房间3各工况剪力墙的裂缝分布与损伤情况

Table 4 Crack pattern and damage of shear walls in Room 3

表5 剪力墙损伤等级划分

Table 5 Damage levels of shear walls

θ/(°)	x_max/mm	毁伤等级
θ≤0.5°	x_max≤6.1	无毁伤
0.5°<θ≤2°	6.1<x_max≤24.4	轻度毁伤
2°<θ≤6°	24.4<x_max≤73.6	中度毁伤
6°<θ≤12°	73.6<x_max≤148.8	重度毁伤
θ>12°	x_max>148.8	完全毁伤

图5 工况1-1中剪力墙跨中位移时程曲线

Fig.5 Time-history curve of mid-span displacement of shear wall in scenario 1-1

图6 工况1-1、工况1-2、工况2-1的毁伤等级判定

Fig.6 Damage level in scenarios 1-1, 1-2 and 2-1

图7 工况1-2、工况1-3、工况3-1和工况3-2的毁伤等级判定

Fig.7 Damage level in scenarios 1-2, 1-3, 3-1 and 3-2

图8 剪力墙理想抗力位移曲线与毁伤等级的对应关系

Fig.8 Relationship between ideal resistance-displacement curve and damage grade of shear wall

参考文献 20

[1]	高康华, 金丰年, 王德荣, 等. 建筑物内爆炸荷载研究综述[J]. 中国工程科学, 2013, 15(5):59-64.
	GAO K H, JIN F N, WANG D R, et al. Review on internal explosion loading of building[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2013, 15(5):59-64. (in Chinese)
[2]	郭志昆, 宋锋良, 刘峰, 等. 扁平箱形密闭结构内爆炸的模型试验[J]. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学板), 2008, 9(4): 345-350.
	GUO Z K, SONG F L, LIU F, et al. Experiment of Closed flat box structure subjected to internal detonation[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology, 2008, 9(4): 345-350. (in Chinese)
[3]	杨科之, 杨秀敏, 邓国强, 等. 封闭结构的内爆炸试验[C]// 第二届全国爆炸力学实验技术交流会.洛阳, 中国: 中国力学学会, 2002.
	YANG K Z, YANG X M, DENG G Q, et al. Internal explosion test of closed structure[C]// Proceedings of the Second National Technical Exchange Conference on Explosive Mechanics Experiment. Luoyang, China: Chinese Society of Mechanics, 2002. (in Chinese)
[4]	YONG L, XU K. Prediction of debris launch velocity of vented concrete structures under internal blast[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2006, 34: 1753-1767. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.09.096 URL
[5]	KRAUTHAMMER T. Shallow-buried RC box-type structures[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1984, 110(3): 637-651. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1984)110:3(637) URL
[6]	龚顺风, 金伟良, 何勇. 内部爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土板的动力响应研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2008, 21(5): 516-520.
	GONG S F, JIN W L, HE Y. Dynamic response of concrete slab subjected to internal blast loading[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2008, 21(5): 516-520. (in Chinese)
[7]	曹宇航, 张晓伟, 张庆明. 内部爆炸载荷作用下砌体墙结构的失效规律[J]. 高压物理学报, 2022, 36(2):85-95.
	CAO Y H, ZHANG X W, ZHANG Q M. Failure characteristics of masonry wall under internal explosion[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2022, 36(2):85-95. (in Chinese)
[8]	陈旭光. 建筑物在侵爆作用下的累积毁伤评估[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2019.
	CHEN X G. Cumulativedamage assessment of buildings under penetration and explosion[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2019. (in Chinese)
[9]	SUNG S H, JI H, CHONG J. Experimental-theoretical investigation for damage assessment of a reinforced concrete slab under consecutive explosions based on single-degree-of-freedom model[J]. International Journal of Protective Structures, 2020, 12: 204141962093806.
[10]	陈勇, 胡金生, 胡兆颖, 等. 钢筋混凝土板重复爆炸局部破坏效应试验研究[J]. 防护工程, 2016, 38(2): 6-10.
	CHEN Y, HU J S, HU Z Y, et al. Experimental study on the local damage effects of RC slabs subjected to repeated explosion[J]. Protective Engineering, 2016, 38(2): 6-10. (in Chinese)
[11]	JHOHNSON J, XU M, JACQUES E. Predicting the self-centering behavior of hybrid FRP-steel reinforced concrete beams under blast loading[J]. Engineering Structures, 2021, 247: 113117. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113117 URL
[12]	崔皓, 张劲夫, 翟红波, 等. 多次冲击波作用下加筋板动态响应数值模拟研究[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2022, 43(11):123-129.
	CUI H, ZHANG J F, ZHAI H B, et al. Numerical simulation study on dynamic response of stiffened plate under multiple shock waves[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(11):123-129. (in Chinese)
[13]	BAKER W E. 爆炸危险性及其评估[M]. 张国顺, 译. 北京: 群众出版社, 1988.
	BAKER W E. Explosion risk and its assessment[M]. ZHANG G S, trans trans. Beijing: Qunzhong Publishing House, 1988. (in Chinese)
[14]	DUSENBERRY D, SCHMIDT J, HOBELMANN P, et al. Blast protection of buildings[M]. ASCE/SEI 59-11, Reston,VA, US: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011.
[15]	BAO X L, LI B. Residual strength of blast damaged reinforced concrete columns[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2010, 37(3): 295-308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.04.003 URL
[16]	李忠献, 师燕超, 史祥生. 爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土板破坏评定方法[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2009, 30(6):60-66.
	LI Z X, SHI Y C, SHI X S. Damage anslysis and assessment of RC slabs under blast load[J]. Jounal of Building Structures, 2009, 30(6):60-66. (in Chinese)
[17]	UFC-3-340-02. Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions: US Department of Defense, 2008.
[18]	李天华. 爆炸荷载下钢筋混凝土板的动态响应及损伤评估[D]. 长安大学, 2013.
	LI T H. Dynamic Response and Damage Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Subjected to Blast Loading[D]. Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2013. (in Chinese)
[19]	师燕超, 李绍琦, 李忠献, 等. 基于实测频率的钢筋混凝土柱爆炸损伤快速评估方法[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2021, 42(11): 155-164.
	SHI Y C, LI S Q, LI Z X, et al. Rapid evaluation method for blast damage of reinforced concrete columns based on measured frequency[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(11):155-164. (in Chinese)
[20]	汪维, 刘瑞朝, 吴彪, 等. 爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土梁毁伤判据研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2016, 37(8): 1421-1429. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012
	WANG W, LIU R C, WU B, et al. Damage criteria of reinforced concrete beams under blast loading[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2016, 37(8): 1421-1429. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012