衡重参数对超空泡航行器振荡特性的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0489

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究衡重参数对超空泡航行器振荡特性的影响规律,结合流体体积多相流模型、Realizable k-ε湍流模型、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和刚体运动方程组,建立超空化流场和刚体运动相耦合的仿真模型,并与试验结果对比,验证仿真模型的合理性。通过仿真计算研究超空泡航行器的自由运动特性,定量总结质量和质心位置的改变对超空泡航行器振荡特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:所建模型仿真结果与试验结果变化规律一致,俯仰角和偏航角相位差1/4个周期,振荡周期约为0.0795s,偏差不超过3.38%,仿真模型可靠;超空泡航行器的自由运动表现出类圆锥动态振荡特性;随航行器质量的减小,姿态角的振荡幅度基本不变,弹道的振荡周期逐渐减小,质量减小33.33%,周期减小13.26%;随着航行器质心位置的前移,姿态角的振荡幅度逐渐增大,弹道的振荡周期逐渐减小,质心前移25%,周期减少14.29%。

关键词: 超空泡航行器, 衡重参数, 振荡周期, 超空化流场

Abstract:

The influence of weight parameters on the oscillation characteristics of supercavitation vehicle is studied. A simulation model of the coupling of supercavitation flow field and rigid body motion is established by combining VOF multiphase flow model, realizable k-ε turbulence model, Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model and the rigid body motion equations. The proposed model is validated by comparing the simulated results with the published test results. The influences of mass and centroid position on the oscillation characteristics of supercavitation vehicle are quantitatively summarized by simulating and studying its free motion characteristics. The research findings reveal that the simulated results of the proposed simulation model are consistent with the experimental data, showing a 1/4 cycle phase difference between pitch and yaw angles. The oscillation period is approximately 0.0795 seconds with a deviation not exceeding 3.38%, indicating the reliability of the proposed simulation model. The free motion of supercavitating vehicle exhibits “cone-like” dynamic oscillation characteristics; With the decrease of the mass of the vehicle, the oscillation amplitude of attitude angle is basically unchanged, and the oscillation period of the trajectory gradually decreases. The oscillation period is decreased by 13.26% when the mass of the vehicle is decreased by 33.33%. The oscillation amplitude of attitude angle is gradually increased and the oscillation period of trajectory is decreased by decreasing the distance of mass center away from the cavitator. The oscillation period is decreased by 14.29% when the mass center distance is decreased by 25%.

Key words: supercavitating vehicle, weight parameter, oscillation period, supercavitation flow field

中图分类号:

TJ630.1

郭开心, 黄闯, 颜凤, 古鉴霄, 李代金. 衡重参数对超空泡航行器振荡特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(8): 2667-2677.

GUO Kaixin, HUANG Chuang, YAN Feng, GU Jianxiao, LI Daijin. Influence of Weight Parameters on Oscillation Characteristics of Supercavitating Vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(8): 2667-2677.

图/表 19

图1 航行器外形

Fig.1 Profile of vehicle

表1 航行器模型参数

Table 1 Parameters of vehicle models

模型编号	质心位置	质量/kg
1	42D_n	88
2	42D_n	99
3	42D_n	110
4	42D_n	121
5	42D_n	132
6	36D_n	110
7	39D_n	110
8	45D_n	110
9	48D_n	110

图2 计算域及边界条件

Fig.2 Computational domain and boundary conditions

图3 航行器网格模型

Fig.3 Mesh model of vehicle

图4 不同网格所得空泡轮廓对比

Fig.4 Comparison of cavitation profiles obtained by different grids

图5 数值方法和经验公式所得空泡轮廓对比

Fig.5 Comparison of cavity profiles obtained by numerical method and empirical formula

图6 俯仰角试验值和仿真值的变化情况对比

Fig.6 Comparison of test value and simulation value of pitch angle

图7 航行器一个运动周期内空泡形态变化

Fig.7 Change of cavity shape of vehicle during a motion period

图8 超空泡航行器的姿态角变化

Fig.8 Dynamic process of attitude angles of supercavitating vehicle

图9 超空泡航行器的流体动力角变化

Fig.9 Dynamic process of hydrodynamic angles of supercavitating vehicle

图10 航行器力和力矩系数变化

Fig.10 Dynamic processes of hydrodynamic force and moment coefficients of vehicle

图11 航行器稳定运动时空间振荡

Fig.11 Spatial oscillation curve of vehicle in steady motion

图12 滤去直流分量的空间振荡

Fig.12 Spatial oscillation curve of the DC component filtered

图13 不同质量超空泡航行器的俯仰角

Fig.13 Changing curves of pitch angle of supercavitating vehicle with different masses

表2 不同质量超空泡航行器的振荡周期

Table 2 Oscillation periods of supercavitating vehicles with different masses

模型编号	振荡周期/s	姿态角振幅/(°)
1	0.0785	0.98
2	0.0810	1.09
3	0.0850	1.01
4	0.0865	0.97
5	0.0905	0.95

图14 振荡周期随质量变化的理论值和仿真值对比

Fig.14 Comparison of theoretical and simulated values of oscillation period changing with mass

图15 不同质心位置超空泡航行器的振荡周期

Fig.15 Changing curves of pitch angle of supercavitating vehicle with different mass centers

表3 不同质心位置超空泡航行器的振荡周期

Table 3 Oscillation period of supercavitating vehicle with different mass centers

模型编号	振荡周期/s	姿态角振幅/(°)
6	0.0780	1.28
7	0.0810	1.14
3	0.0850	1.01
8	0.0875	0.82
9	0.0910	0.53

图16 振荡周期随质心位置变化的理论值和仿真值对比

Fig.16 Comparison of theoretical and simulated values of oscillation period changing with mass centers

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