非道路特种车辆耐久性载荷谱的高置信度最少采集样本量

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0817

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对特种车辆的耐久性开发时服役载荷获取问题,提出服役载荷谱的特征参数服从威布尔分布的高置信度(90%以上)最少采集样本量模型。基于全面表征载荷谱能量分布和损伤分布的累积功率谱密度,开展该特征参数的威布尔分布及参数估计研究,并构建耐久性载荷谱高置信度最少采集里程模型。以非道路条件下特种车辆在两段路程下采集的轮端六分力信号为对象,基于所构建的载荷谱采集最小子样容量模型,同时指定采集载荷谱的样本与总体之间的精度指标和置信度要求,分别获取特种车辆在典型工况下载荷谱的最少采集里程,并相互验证。研究结果表明:提出的服役载荷谱特征参数服从威布尔分布的高置信度最少采集里程模型,能够有效地实现高置信度、高精度载荷谱采集的最少里程计算。

关键词: 特种车辆, 耐久性载荷谱, 威布尔分布, 最少采集样本量, 累积功率谱密度

Abstract:

With respect to the problem of acquiring the service loads during the durability development of special vehicles,a high-confidence (above 90%) minimum acquisition mileage model is proposed for the durability load spectrum with the characteristic parameter obeying the Weibull distribution. The Weibull distribution and parameter estimation of this characteristic parameter are studied based on the cumulative power spectral density which comprehensively characterizes the energy distribution and damage distribution of load spectrum. And then a high-confidence minimum acquisition mileage model of durability load spectrum is constructed. Taking the minimum mileage of load spectrum acquisition for durability development of special vehicles as an example, the minimum mileage of acquisition is calculated by taking the wheel six-axis force signal acquired under two journeys as an object. The calculation is performed by specifying the accuracy indexes and confidence requirements between the measured load spectrum samples and the sample population. The minimum acquisition mileages of the load spectrum of special vehicles can be obtained under typical working conditions and are validated with each other. The results show that the proposed model which uses the load spectrum feature parameters obeying the Weibull distribution can effectively realize the calculation of minimum mileage for load spectrum acquisition with high confidence and high accuracy.

Key words: special vehicle, durability load spectrum, Weibull distribution, minimum acquisition mileage, cumulative power spectral density

中图分类号:

TJ306

郑国峰, 万银青, 隗寒冰, 赵树恩. 非道路特种车辆耐久性载荷谱的高置信度最少采集样本量[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3017-3028.

ZHENG Guofeng, WAN Yinqing, WEI Hanbing, ZHAO Shu’en. High-confidence Minimum Acquisition Mileage of Durability Load Spectrum of Off-road Special Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3017-3028.

图/表 9

图1 高置信度载荷谱最少采集里程计算流程图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of calculating the minimum acquisition mileage of load spectrum with high confidence

图2 特种车辆整车疲劳耐久性载荷谱采集

Fig.2 Durability load spectrum acquisition for special vehicle

图3 两段路程下的驾驶速度与六分力载荷谱信号

Fig.3 Driving speeds and measured wheel six-component load spectra on two roads

图4 左前轮6个通道对应路段Ⅰ的累积功率谱密度

Fig.4 APSD of the left front wheel load spectrum on Road Ⅰ

图5 载荷谱特征参数样本的统计量和临界值

Fig.5 Statistics and critical values of load spectrum characteristic parameter samples

图6 基于不同轮载荷谱的特征参数样本拟合结果

Fig.6 Sample fitting results of the characteristic parameters of load spectrum of Fz channel

表1 基于不同轮载荷谱的特征参数的威布尔拟合结果

Table 1 Weibull fitting results of feature parameter based on different wheel load spectra

通道	路段Ⅰ拟合结果		路段Ⅱ拟合结果
通道	形状参数	尺度参数	形状参数	尺度参数
左前轮	7.3864×10¹⁰	2.0809	7.0215×10¹⁰	2.2541
右前轮	7.8590×10¹⁰	1.9344	7.2240×10¹⁰	2.1566
左中轮	3.6829×10¹⁰	1.9799	4.0985×10¹⁰	2.2011
右中轮	3.7494×10¹⁰	1.9923	4.0719×10¹⁰	2.0911
左后轮	3.4083×10¹⁰	1.7282	3.7642×10¹⁰	2.2959
右后轮	3.4083×10¹⁰	1.7045	3.7642×10¹⁰	2.1260

图7 基于不同轮载荷谱的最少采集里程随相对偏差和置信度的变化情况

Fig.7 The change of minimum acquisition mileage with relative deviation and confidence based on different wheel load spectra

表2 不同相对偏差和置信度要求下基于六轮Fz向载荷谱计算所得最少采集里程

Table 2 Minimum acquisition mileage calculated based on six rounds of Fz direction load spectrum under different relative deviations and confidence requirements

通道	路段Ⅰ		路段Ⅱ
通道	相对偏差15% 置信度90%	相对偏差1% 置信度99%	相对偏差15% 置信度90%	相对偏差1% 置信度99%
左前轮	25434.7	51097.6	24062.5	49068.5
右前轮	10425.3	19940.5	13329.1	26308.4
左中轮	13755.4	26714.6	9927.1	19277.5
右中轮	14830.1	28921.4	6170.4	11671.6
左后轮	2971.5	5303.9	18557.6	37303.8
右后轮	2572.0	4554. 5	10109.6	19651.5

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