等离子体射流在渐扩型充液室中扩展特性的数值模拟

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0034

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

等离子体射流在液体工质中扩展时存在影响燃烧过程稳定的正反馈机制,限制了其进一步实际应用化。为探寻等离子体射流在整装式液体工质中的扩展特性,建立等离子体射流与液体工质相互作用的二维轴对称非稳态数学物理模型,并进行模型验证。设计4级渐扩型充液室结构,开展等离子体射流在液体药LP1846模拟工质中扩展特性的数值分析,获得等离子体射流场中压力、速度和温度等特性参数的时空分布规律。研究结果表明:4级渐扩充液室结构可以利用阶梯的诱导作用,增强等离子体射流在充液室径向扩展能力和等离子体射流头部高压高温区径向影响范围,从而控制等离子体射流轴向扩展速度和脉动性;黏度、密度大的液体药LP1846模拟工质,结合渐扩充液室结构可以减缓等离子体射流的轴向扩展速度,可以有效抑制Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性和Taylor不稳定性,有利于增强等离子体射流扩展的稳定性;近喷口处由于膨胀-压缩波交替产生导致近场压力、温度存在波动性。

关键词: 等离子体射流, 渐扩边界, 液体工质, Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性, Taylor空腔

Abstract:

The presence of positive feedback mechanism affecting the stability of combustion process as the plasma jet expands in a liquid media limits its further practical application.In order to explore the expansion characteristics of plasma jet in an integrated liquid working medium,a two-dimensional axisymmetric unsteady mathematical physical model of the interaction between plasma jet and liquid working medium is established and verified.A four-stage gradually expanding liquid-filled chamber structure is designed,and the expansion characteristics of plasma jet in liquid propellant LP1846 are numerically analyzed.The spatial and temporal distributions of the characteristic parameters,such as pressure,velocity and temperature,in the plasma jet field were obtained.The results show that the four-stage gradually expanding liquid- filled chamber structure can be used to enhance the radial expansion ability of plasma jet in the chamber and the radial influence range in the high pressure and temperature region of plasma jet head,so as to control the axial expansion speed and pulsation of plasma jet.The liquid propellant LP1846 with high viscosity and density is used to simulate the working medium,The gradually expanding liquid-filled chamber structure can slow down the axial expansion speed of plasma jet,effectively inhibits the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and Taylor instability,and helps to enhance the expansion stability of plasma jet.The near-field pressure and temperature fluctuate due to the alternating generation of expansion and compression waves near the nozzle.

Key words: plasma jet, gradual boundary expansion, liquid working medium, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, Taylor cavity

中图分类号:

TJ399

贾舒翔, 余永刚. 等离子体射流在渐扩型充液室中扩展特性的数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(4): 240034-.

JIA Shuxiang, YU Yonggang. Numerical Simulation of the Expansion Characteristics of Plasma Jet in Gradually Expanding Liquid-filled Chamber[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(4): 240034-.

图/表 17

图1 实验观测系统[18]

Fig.1 Experimental observation system[18]

图2 脉冲形成网络

Fig.2 Pulse-forming network

图3 计算域示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of computational domain

图4 Taylor空腔头部轴向位移计算值和实测值的对比

Fig.4 Comparison of calculated and measured displacements of Taylor cavity head in axial coordinates

表1 Taylor空腔头部轴向位移计算值和实测值的数值对比

Table 1 Numerical comparison of calculated and measured displacements of Taylor cavity head in axial coordinates

时间/ms	实测值/mm	计算值/mm	误差/%
1	25.10	25.22	0.44
2	46.90	47.02	0.26
3	59.24	58.77	0.79
4	68.71	69.06	0.51
5	74.34	74.93	0.79

图5 计算域示意图

Fig 5 Schematic diagram of computational domain

表2 4级渐扩充液室结构参数

Table 2 Structural parameters of four-stage gradually expanding liquid-filled chamber

参数	级数
参数	1	2	3	4
直径/mm	15	25	35	45
高度/mm	20	20	20	40

图6 网格无关性验证

Fig.6 Mesh independence verification

表3 液体工质的物性参数[22]

Table 3 Physical property parameters of liquid working medium[22]

液体工质	C_p/ (J·kg^-1·K^-1)	ρ/ (g·cm^-3)	η/ (Pa·s)	λ/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)
LP1846	4180	1.43	6.31×10^-3	0.20
水	4182	1.00	1.79×10^-5	0.24

表4 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中的扩展序列

Table 4 Extended sequence diagram of plasma jet in different liquid working media

液体工质	t/ms
液体工质	1	2	3	4	5
LP 1846
水

图7 不同液体工质中等离子体射流轴向扩展位移

Fig.7 Axial expansion displacements of plasma jet in different liquid working media

表5 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中扩展时的压力变化

Table 5 Pressure variation of plasma jet as it expands in different liquid working media

液体工质	t/ms
液体工质	1	2	3	4	5
LP 1846
水

图8 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中的压力变化图

Fig.8 Pressurevariation diagram of plasma jet in different liquid working media

表6 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中扩展时的轴向速度云图

Table 6 Axial velocity cloud image of plasma jet expansion in different liquid working media

液体工质	t/ms
液体工质	1	2	3	4	5
LP 1846
水

表7 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中扩展时的径向速度云图

Table 7 Radial velocity cloud image of plasma jet expansion in different liquid working media

液体工质	t/ms
液体工质	1	2	3	4	5
LP 1846
水

表8 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中扩展时的温度云图

Table 8 Temperature cloud image of plasma jet as it expands in different liquid working media

液体工质	t/ms
液体工质	1	2	3	4	5
LP 1846
水

图9 等离子体射流在不同液体工质中的T-s(t=2ms)

Fig.9 T-s diagram of plasma jet in different liquid working media(t=2ms)

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