基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.10.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为降低常规波束形成输出旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响，依据波束形成指向性函数在目标波达方向上输出值为1、在非目标方向上输出值为小于1的特性，提出一种基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法。对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组处理；按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理，并对各组数据相移预处理结果进行组合，得到一组新数据；对该组新数据进行相移、求和，可得到该搜索角度对应波束值。理论推导分析和仿真实验结果均表明：相比常规波束形成方法，新方法对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组组合处理，波束形成指向性函数发生了变化，旁瓣级得到13 dB以上的改善，信噪比提高1.7 dB，有效降低了旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响，并消除了搜索角度与波达方向不一致时的波束域数据相位不一致性；新方法在没有进行Chebyshev滤波和其他约束优化情况下，只通过相移预处理就能够优化波束形成指向性函数。

关键词: 阵列信号处理, 全相位预处理, 指向性函数, 旁瓣级, 弱目标检测

Abstract: In order to reduce the impacts of the side-lobe level and background noise due to conventional beam-forming on weak target detection, a low side-lobe beam-forming method based on all-phase preprocessing is proposed according to the features of the output value of directivity function on the direction of arrival (DOA) of target wave being 1 and the output value of directivity function being less than 1 on DOA of non-target wave. In the proposed method, the data received from linear array is divided into groups, the phase shift pretreatment for the data of each group is made based on the search angle, and then the results of phase shift pretreatment are combined to obtain a new set of data. The value of beam corresponding to the search angle can be obtained by phase shifting and summing of the new data. The theoretically analyzed, numerically simulated and experimental results show that the proposed method is used to make the phase shift treatment for the data of each group, thus changing the directivity function, improving the side-lobe level more than 13 dB and the signal to noise ratio by 1.7 dB, reducing the impacts of side-lobe level and background noise on weak target detection, and eliminating the phase inconsistency when the direction of arrival is unequal to search angle. The method improves the directivity function only by phase shift pretreatment for the data of sub-array.Key

Key words: arraysignalprocessing, all-phasepreprocessing, directivityfunction, side-lobelevel, weaktargetdetection

中图分类号:

TB566

郑恩明，陈新华，宋春楠. 基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(10): 1971-1978.

ZHENG En-ming, CHEN Xin-hua, SONG Chun-nan. Low Side-lobe Beam-forming Method Based on All-phase Preprocessing[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(10): 1971-1978.

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第39卷
第10期2018 年10月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.39No.10Oct.2018

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