基于零偏差型准比例谐振控制的高速永磁电机电流谐波抑制策略

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.1092

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着高开关频率的碳化硅功率器件在高速永磁同步电机驱动领域的广泛应用,凸显的死区效应导致高速域下5次、7次高频谐波电流含量增加。传统的基于准比例谐振控制器的谐波抑制策略存在较大谐振频率偏差,并随着基波频率的升高而变大,电流谐波抑制效果不理想。针对上述问题,提出一种基于零偏差型准比例谐振控制的高速永磁同步电机的电流谐振抑制策略,通过对不同离散化方法下的准比例谐振控制的频率偏差进行分析,构建零频率偏差的离散变换表达式,并给出控制参数的设定依据,有效地抑制了谐振频率偏差。仿真与实验结果表明,新提出的控制策略可以实现零偏差谐振频率控制,有效地抑制高速永磁同步电机的相电流谐波。

关键词: 高速永磁同步电机, 死区效应, 谐波抑制, 谐振频率偏差, 准比例谐振

Abstract:

With the widespread application of high-switching-frequency SiC power devices in the field of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drives,the prominent dead-time effect leads to an increase in the contents of 5th and 7th high-frequency harmonic currents in high-speed domains.Traditional harmonic suppression strategies based on quasi-proportional resonant controllers exhibit significant resonant frequency deviations,which increase with the rise of the fundamental frequency,leading to suboptimal current harmonic suppression.Addressing the issue above,this paper proposes a current harmonic suppression strategy for high-speed PMSM based on zero-deviation quasi-proportional resonant control.By analyzing the frequency deviations of quasi-proportional resonant control under different discretization methods,a discrete transformation expression with zero frequency deviation is constructed,and the basis for setting the control parameters is provided,effectively suppressing the resonant frequency deviation.Both the simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy achieves zero-deviation resonant frequency control,effectively suppressing the current harmonics of PMSM.

Key words: high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor, dead-time effect, harmonic suppression, resonant frequency deviation, quasi-proportional resonance

中图分类号:

TM351

徐古轩, 赵峰. 基于零偏差型准比例谐振控制的高速永磁电机电流谐波抑制策略[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(1): 231092-.

XU Guxuan, ZHAO Feng. Current Harmonic Suppression Strategy of High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Zero-deviation Quasi-proportional Resonant Control[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(1): 231092-.

图/表 18

图1 死区效应下单相桥臂电流流向和输出电压示意图

Fig.1 Diagram of current flow and output voltage under dead-time effect in a single-phase bridge arm

图2 误差电压矢量与电流矢量图

Fig.2 Current and error voltage vector diagram

图3 理想比例谐振控制器和QPR控制器波德图

Fig.3 Bode diagrams of ideal PR controller and QPR controller

图4 基于QPR的HSPMSM电流谐波抑制方法框图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of HSPMSM current harmonic suppression method based on zero-bias QPR

图5 Tustin离散化前后的谐振频率偏差

Fig.5 Deviation of resonant frequencies before and after Tustin discretization

图6 谐振频率偏差与预期谐振频率、采样周期关系曲线

Fig.6 Relationship among resonant frequency deviation, expected resonant frequency and sampling period

图7 预畸变Tustin离散化前后的谐振频率对比

Fig.7 Comparison of resonant frequencies before and after pre-distortion Tustin discretization

图8 基于QPR控制器的d轴电流闭环控制框图

Fig.8 Diagram of d-axis closed-loop control based on QPR controller

图9 不同KR下开环传递函数的幅频响应图

Fig.9 Frequency response of open-loop transfer functions under different KR values

表1 HSPMSM及控制系统参数

Table 1 Parameters of high-speed HSPMSM and control system

参数	数值	参数	数值
d轴电感/H	0.000134	极对数p	1
q轴电感/H	0.000134	额定转速/(r·min^-1)	90000
定子相电阻/Ω	0.02	额定电流/Arms	65
永磁体磁链/Wb	0.018	母线电压/V	500

图10 电流谐波抑制仿真结果(60000r/min)

Fig.10 Simulated results of current harmonic suppression(60000r/min)

图11 PMSM相电流仿真FFT分析结果(60000r/min)

Fig.11 FFT analysis results of PMSM phase current(60000r/min)

表2 60000r/min下谐波补偿前后相电流FFT分析

Table 2 FFT analysis of phase currents before and after harmonic compensation under steady-state at 60000r/min

参数	无补偿	Tustin法	Tustin pre法
总谐波含量/%	9.02	6.35	4.82
5次谐波占比/%	6.52	2.78	0.97
7次谐波占比/%	4.48	2.13	1.02

图12 基于SiC的高速PMSM实验平台

Fig.12 High-speed PMSM experimental platform based on SiC

图13 PMSM电流谐波抑制实验结果(40000r/min)

Fig.13 Experimental results of PMSM current harmonic suppression(40000r/min)

表3 40000r/min下补偿前后dq轴电流6次谐波幅值对比

Table 3 Comparison of dq-axis 6th harmonic amplitudes before and after compensation under steady-state at 40000r/min

电流	无补偿	Tustin	Tustin pre法
d轴电流/A	8.63	4.21	1.59
q轴电流/A	5.22	2.91	0.58

图14 PMSM相电流FFT分析结果(40000r/min)

Fig.14 FFT analysis results of PMSM phase current (40000r/min)

表4 40000r/min下谐波补偿前后相电流FFT分析

Table 4 FFT analysis of phase currents before and after harmonic compensation under steady-state at 40000r/min

参数	无补偿	Tustin	Tustin pre法
总谐波含量/%	10.84	5.92	4.38
5次谐波占比/%	9.60	3.47	1.34
7次谐波占比/%	4.34	2.56	0.53

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