卧姿无依托射击时人体生物力学特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0467

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对卧姿无依托射击时人体生物力学特性变化认识不足的问题，以95式自动步枪为例开展人-枪相互作用研究。基于逆向动力学仿真软件AnyBody，建立卧姿无依托人-枪肌骨模型，获得射击时的肌肉响应规律、肌肉激活时序特性、关节受力特性等，并进行上臂外展角对最大肌肉激活度的影响规律分析。仿真结果表明：在火药气体作用和后坐到位撞击时刻，右侧菱形肌激活度最大，在复进到位撞击时刻右侧肱二头肌激活度最大；控制肩胛骨和肩关节稳定的主动肌首先激活，副主动肌随后激活；受力最大的关节为肩锁关节，其次是盂肱关节和肘关节；95式自动步枪卧姿射击时，左、右臂外展角小于30°为宜。

关键词: 卧姿, 人-枪耦合模型, 生物力学, 无依托射击

Abstract: Tofurther understand human biomechanicsinprone positionshooting without support, investigation is made on the interaction between human and the gun by using QBZ95. The human-gun model in prone position without supportis established by AnyBody. Muscle responsesduring shooting,time sequence at the point of muscle activation,and force characterization of joints are obtained, andthe effect of different joint angles of the armon muscle activation is analyzed.The results show thatat the action time of gunpower gas and impact time of recoil,the rhomboidmuscleon the right side is most activated.At the impact time of counter-recoil, the biceps on the right side is most activated.The agonist thatkeeps the scapula and shoulder joint stable is activatedfirst, followed by the accessory agonist.The impact on the joints is mostly exerted on the acromioclavicular joint, followed by the glenohumeral joint and the elbowjoint.When shooting with QBZ95 in the prone position, both arms should be abducted less than 30 degrees.

Key words: proneposition, human-guncouplingmodel, biomechanics, shootwithoutsupport

中图分类号:

TJ22

程勇, 王亚平, 曹捷, 王新蕊. 卧姿无依托射击时人体生物力学特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(9): 2283-2290.

CHENG Yong, WANG Yaping, CAO Jie, WANG Xinrui. Human Biomechanics in Prone Position Shooting without Support[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(9): 2283-2290.

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第43卷第9期2022 年9月
兵工学报ACTA ARMAMENTARII
Vol.43No.9Sep.2022