1.北京理工大学 爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京 100081
2.重庆红宇精密工业集团有限公司,重庆 402760
3.甘肃银光化学工业集团有限公司,甘肃 白银 730900
收稿:2026-01-07,
修回:2026-08-13,
录用:2026-06-24,
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关通, 张向荣, 岳跃辉, 等. 3,4-二硝基吡唑及其熔铸炸药的吸湿性[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026,1-10.
GUAN Tong, ZHANG Xiangrong, YUE Yuehui, et al. Hygroscopicities of 3,4-dinitropyrazole and Its Melt-cast Explosive[J/OL]. ACTA ARMAMENTARII, 2026, 1-10.
关通, 张向荣, 岳跃辉, 等. 3,4-二硝基吡唑及其熔铸炸药的吸湿性[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026,1-10. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2026.0025. CSTR: XXXXX.XX.XXX.2026.0025.
GUAN Tong, ZHANG Xiangrong, YUE Yuehui, et al. Hygroscopicities of 3,4-dinitropyrazole and Its Melt-cast Explosive[J/OL]. ACTA ARMAMENTARII, 2026, 1-10. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2026.0025. CSTR: XXXXX.XX.XXX.2026.0025.
吸湿性严重限制了新型熔铸载体3,4-二硝基吡唑(3,4-Dinitropyrazole,DNP)的工程应用。为此,通过试验和分子动力学模拟系统研究了不同温度和相对湿度下DNP及其熔铸炸药的吸湿规律、吸湿机理和吸湿对其力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:DNP及其熔铸炸药的吸湿性随温度和相对湿度的提高而增强,在25 ℃、40 ℃、55 ℃下其临界相对湿度分别为85%、62%、42%;DNP颗粒表面存在发达的孔隙结构,通过毛细凝聚效应吸附水分后,水分子与DNP分子中的N-H键和硝基形成氢键,破坏了DNP晶体内部原有的分子间氢键网络和
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堆积作用,导致吸湿过程持续进行;吸湿导致DNP与固相颗粒的粘结强度下降,随着水分含量的提高,DNP基熔铸炸药的抗压强度和弹性模量减小,失效应变增大。
The hygroscopicity severely limits the engineering application of the novel melt-cast matrix 3,4-dinitropyrazole (DNP). In this work, the moisture absorption patterns and mechanisms of DNP and its melt-cast explosives under different temperatures and relative humidities, as well as the effect of moisture absorption on their mechanical properties, are systematically investigated through experimental test and molecular dynamics simulation. The results indicate that the hygroscopicities of DNP and its melt-cast explosives increase with the rise in temperature and relative humidity., The critical relative humidities are 85%, 62%, and 42%, respectively, at 25 °C, 40 °C and 55 °C. The DNP particles possess a developed porous surface structure. After the moisture is adsorbed via capillary condensation, the water molecules form hydrogen bonds with the N-H bonds and nitro groups of DNP molecules. This weakens the original intermolecular hydrogen-bond network and π-π stacking interactions within the DNP crystals, which leads to the sustained progression of the moisture absorption. Moisture absorption results in decreasing the bonding strength between DNP and particles. As the moisture content increases, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of DNP-based melt-cast explosives decrease, while the failure strain increases.
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