仿海绵可组装力学超材料设计及耐撞特性

林志芊; 熊奕乐; 王慧赟; 胡大勇; 张宏博

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054

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仿海绵可组装力学超材料设计及耐撞特性

更新时间：2026-02-11

- 仿海绵可组装力学超材料设计及耐撞特性
- Design and Crashworthiness of Assembled Bionic Sponge Metamaterials
- 兵工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京,102206
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  技术基础科研项目(JSHS2023601A006)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054
  中图分类号： O342
- 收稿：2025-12-01，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-11，
- 稿件说明：
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林志芊，熊奕乐，王慧赟，等. 仿海绵可组装力学超材料设计及耐撞特性[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-02-11). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054.

XIONG Y L, WANG H Y, HU D Y, et al. Design and crashworthiness of assembled bionic sponge metamaterials lin zhiqian，xiong yile, wang huiyun, hu dayong*, zhang hongbo **[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-02-11). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054. (in Chinese)
林志芊，熊奕乐，王慧赟，等. 仿海绵可组装力学超材料设计及耐撞特性[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-02-11). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054. DOI：

XIONG Y L, WANG H Y, HU D Y, et al. Design and crashworthiness of assembled bionic sponge metamaterials lin zhiqian，xiong yile, wang huiyun, hu dayong*, zhang hongbo **[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-02-11). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1054. (in Chinese) DOI：

摘要

受深海玻璃海绵骨架结构启发的力学超材料在抗冲击防护领域极具潜力，但现行制备工艺存在结构可调性差、功能单一等问题。将仿海绵超材料与可组装超材料相结合，设计出具有完全对称胞元的新型仿海绵可组装力学超材料（Assembled bionic sponge metamaterials

ABSM）。选用316L不锈钢材料制备了ABSM-无锁、ABSM-有锁、BSM-一体三种试样的板材，通过横-竖-斜板之间的相互插接组装成稳固的互锁结构，实现仿海绵超材料迅速且简易的成型制备。通过准静态压缩试验和有限元数值模拟对3种结构的吸能特性展开研究。研究结果表明：ABSM-有锁的平均压溃力、比吸能与压溃力效率较ABSM-无锁分别提升了52.66%、18.94%与13%；同时，锁扣结构的引入使结构呈现双平台特征，变形过程中出现负泊松比现象，有效提高了结构的稳定性，强化了结构的能量吸收能力；所提出的组装设计方法为仿海绵力学超材料的制备提供了一种新思路，有益于该结构未来在实际工程中的应用，并为未来功能化的发展提供了新途径。

Abstract

Mechanical metamaterials inspired by the skeletal structure of deep-sea glass sponges offer significant potential for impact protection. However

conventional fabrication processes are often limited by poor structural adjustability and restricted functionality.By combining bionic sponge metamaterials with assembled metamaterials

a novel assembled bionic sponge mechanical metamaterial (ABSM) with featuring completely symmetrical unit cells is designed.The basic plates of three specimen types

including ABSM-Unlocked

ABSM-Locked

and BSM-Integrated are fabricated using 316L stainless steel. These plates are assembled into stable interlocking structures through horizontal

vertical

and inclined interlocking plates

enabling rapid and straightforward fabrication of the bionic sponge metamaterials. The energy absorption characteristics of the three structures are then investigated through quasi-static compression tests and numerical simulations.The results show that themeancrushing force

specific energy absorption and crushing efficiency of the ABSM-Locked are increased by 52.66%

18.94%

and 13% respectively compared with the ABSM-Unlocked; meanwhile

the introduction of the interlocking structure endows the structure with a double-platform characteristic

and a negative Poisson’s ratio phenomenon occurs during the deformation process

which effectively enhances structural stability and energy absorption capacity.The assembly approach offers a new strategy for the fabrication of bionic sponge metamaterials

which is advantageous for future practical engineering applications and paves the way for further functional development.

关键词

Keywords

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