穿甲弹侵彻孔结构装甲过程的弹靶分离快速仿真方法

马德沛; 李明净; 王克鸿; 安建飞; 董雷霆

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

穿甲弹侵彻孔结构装甲过程的弹靶分离快速仿真方法

更新时间：2026-02-10

- 穿甲弹侵彻孔结构装甲过程的弹靶分离快速仿真方法
- A Fast Simulation Approach Based on the Projectile-Target Separation method for Modeling the Penetration of Armor-Piercing Projectiles into Hollow Structured Armor
- 兵工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京,100191
  2. 南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏,南京,210094
  3. 内蒙古第一机械集团有限公司科研所,内蒙古,包头,014030
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036
  中图分类号： O347
- 收稿：2025-11-24，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-10，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
马德沛，李明净，王克鸿，等. 穿甲弹侵彻孔结构装甲过程的弹靶分离快速仿真方法[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-02-10). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036.

LI M N, WANG K H, DONG L T. A fast simulation approach based on the projectile-target separation method for modeling the penetration of armor-piercing projectiles into hollow structured armor[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-02-10). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036. (in Chinese)
马德沛，李明净，王克鸿，等. 穿甲弹侵彻孔结构装甲过程的弹靶分离快速仿真方法[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-02-10). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036. DOI：

LI M N, WANG K H, DONG L T. A fast simulation approach based on the projectile-target separation method for modeling the penetration of armor-piercing projectiles into hollow structured armor[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-02-10). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1036. (in Chinese) DOI：

摘要

孔结构装甲是新型防护结构，主要通过使穿甲弹受不对称侵彻阻力偏转折断以削弱侵彻力。孔结构装甲侵彻过程复杂，现有理论分析难以精准捕捉弹体受力，数值仿真又存在模型复杂、效率低下的问题。面向孔结构装甲的抗弹机理研究和精细化设计需求，提出一种基于弹靶分离法的穿甲弹侵彻过程快速仿真方法，该方法不需要构建靶板的有限元模型，而是引入了靶板状态追踪函数来模拟其复杂内部结构；弹体采用有限元模型，并采用阻力函数计算弹体表面单元所受的侵彻阻力，从而模拟其复杂变形和破坏过程；提出基于轴力和弯矩的失效判据来判断弹体受到非对称侵彻阻力时的弯曲和折断现象。采用该方法模拟穿甲弹对实心钢靶的正/斜侵彻过程，以及对孔结构钢靶的侵彻过程，验证该方法在模拟弹体速度变化、弹道轨迹和变形破坏方面与有限元弹靶模型的精度相当，但单元数量显著降低、计算效率显著提升，且不需要处理弹靶接触、靶板变形破坏等复杂非线性问题。所提方法可以高效准确地模拟穿甲弹对实心/空心金属装甲的侵彻过程，为新型金属装甲的研制提供工具支撑。

Abstract

Hollow structured armor is a novel protective structure that primarily weakens the penetration capability by subjecting armor-piercing projectiles to asymmetric penetration resistance

causing their deflection and fracture. Its penetration process is highly complex: existing theoretical analysis methods fail to accurately capture the force acting on the projectile body

while numerical simulation methods suffer from complex models and low efficiency.To address the demands of ballistic mechanism research and refined design for hollow structured armor

this paper proposes a fast simulation method for the armor-piercing projectile penetration process based on the projectile-target separation method. This approach eliminates the need to construct a finite element model (FEM) of the target; instead

it introduces a target state tracking function to simulate the target’s complex internal structure. The projectile is modeled using FEM

and a resistance function is employed to calculate the penetration resistance acting on the surface elements of the projectile

thereby enabling the simulation of its complex deformation and failure processes. Additionally

a failure criterion based on axial force and bending moment is proposed to determine the bending and fracture behaviors of the projectile when subjected to asymmetric penetration resistance. This method is applied to simulate the normal/oblique penetration of armor-piercing projectiles into solid steel targets as well as the penetration into hollow structured steel targets. Verification results indicate that the proposed method achieves comparable accuracy to full FEM projectile-target models in simulating projectile velocity variation

ballistic trajectory

and deformation failure. Meanwhile

it significantly reduces the number of elements

improves computational efficiency

and avoids the need to handle complex nonlinear problems such as projectile-target contact and target deformation failure. In summary

the method proposed in this paper enables efficient and accurate simulation of armor-piercing projectile penetration into both solid and hollow metal armors

providing technical support for the development of new metal armor systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

HANUS P, PECANAC M, TRIVKOVIC M, et al. Comparison of iron aluminide Fe3Al with armour steel in ballistic behaviour[J]. Defence Technology, 2024, 42: 183-190.

EDWARDS-MOWFORTH M, COSTAS M, KRISTOFFERSEN M, et al.On the ballistic perforation resistance of additively manufactured and wrought maraging steel: experiments and numerical models[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2025, 201: 105271.

RYAN S, LI H, EDGERTON M, et al.The ballistic performance of an ultra-high hardness armour steel: an experimental investigation[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2016, 94: 60-73.

CHENG Y H, WU H, JIANG P F, et al. Ballistic resistance of high-strength armor steel against ogive-nosed projectile impact[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2023, 183: 110350.

DEMIR T, ÜBEYLI M, YILDIRIM R O. Effect of hardness on the ballistic impact behavior of high-strength steels against 7.62 mm armor piercing projectiles[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2009, 18(2): 145-153.

MISHRA B, JENA P K, RAMAKRISHNA B, et al. Effect of tempering temperature, plate thickness and presence of holes on ballistic impact behavior and ASB formation of a high strength steel[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2012, 44: 17-28.

KILIÇ N, BEDIR S, ERDIK A, et al. Ballistic behavior of high hardness perforated armor plates against 7.62 mm armor piercing projectile[J]. Materials & Design, 2014, 63: 427-438.

彭吉祥, 崔天宁, 金永喜, 等. 斜孔结构装甲设计及抗弹性能研究[J].应用力学学报, 2021, 38(3): 893-901.

PENG J X, CUI T N, JING Y X, et al. Research on design and ballistic resistance of perforated armor with oblique holes[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2021, 38(3): 893-901.(in Chinese)

RAMÍREZ-GIL F J, NELLI SILVA E C, MONTEALEGRE-RUBIO W.Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications[J]. Materials & Design, 2021, 212: 110257.

BISHOP R F, HILL R, MOTT N F. The theory of indentation and hardness tests[J].Proceedings of the Physical Society(1926−1948), 1945, 57(3): 147-159.

HILL R.The mathematical theory of plasticity[M]. London,UK: Oxford University Press, 1950.

DJUROVIC R, ELEK P, MARKOVIC M, et al. Modification and experimental validation of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model for high hardness armor steel plates of intermediate thickness[J]. Defence Technology, 2025, 46: 267-284.

LI Y, YE X Y, ZHANG S, et al. A cavity expansion theory-based hyperbolic model for the pull-out force of a compaction-grouted soil nail[J].Computers and Geotechnics, 2024, 166: 106034.

BENSON D J. Computational methods in Lagrangian and Eulerian hydrocodes[J]. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 1992, 99(2/3): 235-394.

ZUKAS J. Some common problems in the numerical modeling of impact phenomena[J]. Computing Systems in Engineering, 1993, 4(1): 43-58.

ZIENKIEWICZ O C, TAYLOR R L, ZHU J Z. The finite element method: its basis and fundamentals[M]. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2005.

WARREN T L. Simulations of the penetration of limestone targets by ogive-nose 4340 steel projectiles[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2002, 27(5): 475-496.

HUANG C L, WANG Z Q, LI S T, et al. Coupling algorithm of cavity expansion theory and finite element for penetrating reinforced concrete[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2024,311:110580.

ALI I, LONG X.Penetration resistance of reinforced concrete slab subjected to rigid projectile impact based on finite element and analytical models[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2025, 473: 140828.

WOO H J. Cavity expansion analysis of non-circular cross-sectional penetration problems[D]. Austin,TX,US: The University of Texas at Austin, 1997.

皮爱国,黄风雷.大长细比弹体斜侵彻混凝土靶的动力学响应[J].爆炸与冲击,2007,27(4):331-338.

PI A G, HUANG F L. Dynamic behavior of a slender projectile on oblique penetrating into concrete target [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2007, 27(4): 331-338. (in Chinese)

陈小伟.动能深侵彻弹的力学设计(I):侵彻/穿甲理论和弹体壁厚分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2005,25(6):499-505.

CHEN X W. Mechanics of structural design of EPW (Ⅰ): the penetration/perforation theory and the analysis on the cartridge of projectile[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2005, 25(6): 499-505. (in Chinese)

王凯雷,李明净,董雷霆.12.7 mm弹侵彻不同强度钢靶的数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2022,42(8):083304.

WANG K L, LI M J, DONG L T. Simulation on penetration of a 12.7 mm projectile into steel targets with different strengths[J].Explosion and Shock Waves, 2022,42(8):083304. (in Chinese)

浏览量

下载量

CNKI被引量

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

暂无数据