变密度装药爆炸成型弹丸成型的数值模拟方法及分析

谢泓炜; 蒋建伟; 门建兵; 李梅

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

变密度装药爆炸成型弹丸成型的数值模拟方法及分析

更新时间：2026-05-08

- 变密度装药爆炸成型弹丸成型的数值模拟方法及分析
- Numerical Simulation Method and Analysis of EFP Formation
- 兵工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京,100081
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961
  中图分类号： TJ410.2
- 收稿：2025-10-27，
  
  网络首发：2026-05-08，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
谢泓炜，蒋建伟，门建兵，等. 变密度装药爆炸成型弹丸成型的数值模拟方法及分析[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-05-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961.

XIE H W, JIANG J W, MEN J B, et al. Numerical simulation method and analysis of efp formation[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-05-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961. (in Chinese)
谢泓炜，蒋建伟，门建兵，等. 变密度装药爆炸成型弹丸成型的数值模拟方法及分析[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-05-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961. DOI：

XIE H W, JIANG J W, MEN J B, et al. Numerical simulation method and analysis of efp formation[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-05-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0961. (in Chinese) DOI：

摘要

针对因高温引起装药密度分布变化的爆炸成型弹丸(Explosively Formed Projectile

EFP)成型问题，基于遗传算法获取不同密度下装药JWL状态方程参数，采用高精度欧拉显式求解器对变密度装药EFP成型开展了数值模拟，系统分析不同密度分层级数下装药爆轰波传播机理以及EFP成型形态，得到了装药密度梯度与装药半径比对变密度装药EFP长径比、密实度的影响规律。研究结果表明：变密度装药中爆轰产物的膨胀规律及其对金属药型罩的驱动过程，可采用JWL状态方程进行描述；随着变密度装药的分层级数增大，EFP的长径比呈现先增大后稳定不变的趋势，可采用3层密度梯度装药结构有效表征变密度装药EFP；高温条件下，装药内部的密度差会导致EFP头尾速度差增大，加剧拉伸与断裂的风险；在长杆式EFP设计中，为适应宽域环境温度并确保破甲威力，针对长径比预留15%~20%的设计余量，以保障EFP在恶劣环境中的结构完整性。

Abstract

Aiming at theexplosivelyformedprojectile (EFP) formation issue caused by charge density redistribution under high temperatures

the JWL equation of state parameters for charges at different densities were obtained based on a genetic algorithm.The high-precision Euler explicit solver was used to conduct simulation calculations on the formation of EFP undervariable-densitycharge

and the propagation mechanism of the charge detonation wave and the formation morphology of EFP under different densitylayering levelswere obtained.Additionally

the influences of the charge density gradient and the radius ratio of charge layers on the length-to-diameter ratio andcompactnessof EFPs formed from density gradient charges were explored. The results indicate that the expansion behavior of detonation products in variable-density charges and their driving process on the metal liner can be described using the JWL equation of state. As the number of density stratification levels in the variable-density charge increases

the length-to-diameter ratio of the EFP initially increases and then stabilizes. A three-layer density gradient charge structure can effectively characterize variable-density charge EFP.Under high-temperature conditions

the density difference inside the explosive charge can lead to an increased velocity difference between the head and tail of the EFP

exacerbating the risks of tensile deformation and fracture. In the design of long-rod EFP

to adapt to a wide range of environmental temperatures and ensure armor-piercing capability

reserving a 15%~20% design margin for the length-to-diameter ratio can effectively maintain the structural integrity of the EFP in harsh environments.

关键词

Keywords

references

林加剑.EFP成型及其终点效应研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2009.

LIN J J. Research on the formation and terminal effects of explosively formed penetrators (EFP) [D]. Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China, 2009. (in Chinese)

刘贞娴,蒋建伟,李梅,等.压环对爆炸成型弹丸成型影响的高精度仿真分析[J].兵工学报,2025,46(1):231193.

LIU Z X, JIANG J W, LI Mei, et al. High-fidelity simulation analysis of the influence of pressure ring on the formation of explosively formed projectile [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(1): 231193. (in Chinese)

王彩玲,姚李娜,赵省向,等. 热冲击对以黑索金(RDX)为基的压装塑胶炸药(PBX)装药尺寸和密度的影响[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2016, 16(1): 228-231.

WANG C L, YAO L N, ZHAO S X, et al. Effect of thermal shock on dimensions and density of press-loaded plastic bonded explosive (PBX) charges based on hexogen (RDX) [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2016, 16(1): 228-231.(in Chinese)

SHORT M,BUTLER G C, QUIRK J J, et al. Effect of elevated initial temperature on the detonation performance of high explosives[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2024, 261: 113281.

OLINGER B. Precise and accurate density determination of explosives using hydrostatic weighing[R]. Los Alamos, NM, US: Los Alamos National Laboratory, 2005..

李亮亮,沈飞,王辉,等.高温老化对HMX基炸药爆速的影响[J].计测技术,2019,39(5):55-58.

LI L L, SHEN F, WANG H, et al. Influence of high-temperature aging on detonation velocity of HMX-based explosive[J]. Metrology & Measurement Technology, 2019, 39(5): 55-58. (in Chinese)

贾林,张林军,张冬梅,等.湿热环境下A-IX-II炸药装药的老化性能[J].火工品,2015(5):29-32.

JIA L, ZHANG L J, ZHANG D M, et al. Aging performance of A-IX-II explosive charge in damp-heat environment[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2015(5): 29-32(in Chinese)

达奔那,姜夏冰,段海霞,等.聚黑-2压装成形仿真及药柱孔隙分析[J].兵器装备工程学报,2024,45(12):45-52.

DA B N, JIANG X B, DUAN H X, et al. Simulation of press forming and analysis of charge porosity for JH-2[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2024, 45(12): 45-52.(in Chinese)

LEE L, TARVER C M. Phenomenological model of shock initiation in heterogeneous explosive [J]. Physics of Fluids,1980, 23(12): 2362.

李军宝,李伟兵,王晓鸣,等. 带壳同轴复合装药破片输出特性研究 [J]. 南京理工大学学报, 2022, 46(5): 515-522.

LI J B, LI W B, WANG X M, et al. Fragmentation output characteristics of cased coaxial composite charges [J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2022, 46(5): 515-522. (in Chinese)

李兴隆,吴奎先,路中华,等. 叠层复合装药殉爆安全性试验及数值模拟 [J]. 含能材料, 2022, 30(3): 204-213.

LI X L, WU K X, LU Z H, et al. Sympathetic detonation safety testing and numerical simulation of laminated composite charges [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2022, 30(3): 204-213. (in Chinese)

洪晓文,李伟兵,程伟,等. 复合装药爆炸载荷下砌体墙破坏过程及动态响应 [J]. 火炸药学报, 2018, 41(5): 471-478.

HONG X W, LI W B, CHENG W, et al. Failure process and dynamic response of masonry walls under blast loading from composite charges [J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2018, 41(5): 471-478. (in Chinese)

肖游,智小琦,王琦,等. 多种复合炸药装药的慢烤特性及其机理 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2022, 36(2): 166-175.

XIAO Y, ZHI X Q, WANG Q, et al. Slow cook-off characteristics and mechanisms of multi-component explosive charges [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2022, 36(2): 166-175. (in Chinese)

沈飞,王辉,罗一鸣. 一种同轴双元组合装药的爆轰波形及驱动性能 [J]. 火炸药学报, 2018, 41(6): 588-593.

SHEN F, WANG H, LUO Y M. Detonation wave configuration and driving performance of a coaxial dual-component charge [J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2018, 41(6): 588-593. (in Chinese)

SLYKE J V ,LUDWIG W, GAMBLE J, et al. Effect of convergent detonation on gurney energy and cylinder expansion[C]// Proceedings of 27th International Symposium on Ballistics. Freiburg, Germany: International Ballistics Society, 2013:22-26.

曹鑫, 崔东华, 冯炜, 等. 基于夹层装药的EFP结构设计及仿真分析[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2022, 43(3): 145-148,168.

CAO X, CUI D H, FENG W, et al. Design and simulation analysis of EFP structure based on sandwich charge[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(3):145-148,168.(in Chinese)

赵志杰,李伟兵,李军宝,等.带隔板复合装药结构对双层罩毁伤元成型的影响[J].火炸药学报,2024,47(4):344-353.

ZHAO Z J, LI W B, LI J B, et al. Effect of composite charge structure with wave-shaping barrier on projectile formation of double-layer liner [J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2024, 47(4): 344-353. (in Chinese)

沈飞,王辉,王金涛,等.基于圆筒试验的DNTF基叠层复合装药的爆轰驱动释能特性[J].爆炸与冲击,2023,43(11):58-66.

SHEN F, WANG H, WANG J T, et al. Detonation-driven energy release characteristics of DNTF-based laminated composite charges via cylinder test [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2023, 43(11): 58-66. (in Chinese)

于佳鑫,李伟兵,任冠群,等.基于复合装药结构的偏心起爆定向控制研究[J].兵器装备工程学报,2022,43(3):107-111.

YU J X, LI W B, REN G Q, et al. Directional control via off-center initiation in composite charge structures [J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(3): 107-111. (in Chinese)

LIU Y K, YIN J P, WANG Z J,et al.The EFP formation and penetration capability of double-layer shaped charge with wave shaper[J].Materials, 2020, 13(20):4519.

WU Y L, CHEN C .Detonation wave propagation of double-layer shaped charge and its driving characteristics to the liner[J].Shock and Vibration, 2023.

奥尔连科（俄）爆炸物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:227-228.

ORLENKO L P. Explosion physics [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2011: 227-228. (in Chinese)

LI Y M, LI W B, ZHANG Q, et al. Shock initiation of covered flake JH‐2 high explosive by simultaneous impact of multiple fragments[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2020, 45(7): 1133-1144.

WU R Q, REN F D, XIE Z B, et al. Experimental and theoretical investigation into the response to shock wave for booster explosives JO9C, JH14, JH6, and insensitive RDX[J]. Journal of Molecular Modeling, 2022, 28: 375.

康浩博,蒋建伟,彭嘉诚,等.杆式弹对厚壁壳体装药冲击起爆机制模拟分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2022,42(1):87-98. Kang H B, Jiang J W, Peng J C, et al. Numerical analysis on mechanism of impact initiation of thick-walled cased charge by rod projectile[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2022, 42(1): 87-98. (in Chinese)

崔浩,郭锐,宋浦,等. 基于遗传算法辨识炸药JWL状态方程参数的研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(9): 174-180, 209.

CUI H, GUO R, SONG P, et al. Identification of JWL equation of state parameters for explosives using genetic algorithm [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(9): 174-180, 209. (in Chinese)

郝礼楷, 顾文彬, 谢兴博, 等．基于BP神经网络预测炸药JWL状态方程参数对EFP速度的影响[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2023, 44(6) :47-55.

HAO L K, GU W B, XIE X B, et al．Prediction of the influence of parameters of JWL equation of state on EFP velocity based on BP neural network[J]．Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2023, 44( 6) : 47-55.(in Chinese)

张宝平, 张庆明, 黄风雷．爆轰物理学[M]．北京:兵器工业出版社, 2001.

ZHANG B P, ZHANG Q M, HUANG F L. Detonation physics [M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Ordnance Industry, 2001. (in Chinese)

丁力.高密度爆炸成型弹丸罩材设计应用中的关键技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学, 2017.

DING L. Research on key technologies in the design and application of high-density explosion formed shot cover materials [D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)

浏览量

下载量

CNKI被引量

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

压环对爆炸成型弹丸成型影响的高精度仿真分析

扭曲尾翼弹箭气动外形多目标优化

隧道口外温压炸药爆炸冲击波传播规律及等效堵口计算方法

基于多物理场耦合的降雪扩散机理

泡沫基负有效质量超材料抗爆性能的数值模拟