换挡离合器碟形摩擦元件轴向承载特性

张丁戈; 马彪; 郑长松; 刘新; 杨硕; 黄静秋; 黄鹏

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0862

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换挡离合器碟形摩擦元件轴向承载特性

更新时间：2026-07-06

- 换挡离合器碟形摩擦元件轴向承载特性
- AxialBearing Characteristics of Disc-shaped Friction Elements in Shifting Clutch
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第6期页码：250862
- 作者机构：
  
  北京理工大学机械与车辆学院，北京 100081
  陆军装备部驻湘潭地区军事代表室，湖南湘潭 411100
  江麓机电集团有限公司，湖南湘潭 411100
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：zhengchangsong@bit.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52175037;52205047);北京理工大学前沿交叉计划项目(2024CX11006)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0862
  中图分类号： U463.2
- 收稿：2025-09-18，
  
  网络首发：2026-04-19，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06
- 稿件说明：
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张丁戈, 马彪, 郑长松, 等. 换挡离合器碟形摩擦元件轴向承载特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(6):250862.

ZHANG Dingge, MA Biao, ZHENG Changsong, et al. AxialBearing Characteristics of Disc-shaped Friction Elements in Shifting Clutch[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(6): 250862.
张丁戈, 马彪, 郑长松, 等. 换挡离合器碟形摩擦元件轴向承载特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(6):250862. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0862.

ZHANG Dingge, MA Biao, ZHENG Changsong, et al. AxialBearing Characteristics of Disc-shaped Friction Elements in Shifting Clutch[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(6): 250862. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0862.

摘要

摩擦元件碟形翘曲变形会导致湿式多片换挡离合器严重失效。为探究不同翘曲程度对换挡离合器摩擦元件轴向承载特性的影响机理，建立摩擦副轴向承载数值模型与有限元模型，利用摩擦副轴向反力与等效刚度表征轴向承载特性，研究钢片翘曲高度及其位置特征对离合器轴向承载特性及径向接触压力分布特性的影响规律，并通过试验验证了模型可靠性。研究结果表明：碟形钢片存在临界翘曲高度（2.59 mm），低于该值时恢复力随变形量单调递增，高于该值时则出现负刚度现象；多摩擦副轴向承载过程呈现明显阶段性特征，不同翘曲高度钢片的位置特征对轴向承载特性影响较小，但超过临界值的钢片会加速磨损，导致功能失效。

Abstract

The disc-shaped buckling deformation of friction elements can lead to severe failure of the wet multi-disc shifting clutch. A numerical model and a finite element model for the axial bearing of friction pairs are established to investigate the influences of different degrees of buckling on the axial bearing characteristics of clutch friction elements. The axial bearing characteristics are characterized by the axial reaction force and equivalent stiffness of the friction pairs. The influences of buckling height and position characteristics of steel plate on the axial bearing characteristics and radial contact pressure distribution characteristics of the clutch are studied

and the reliability of the models is verified through experiments. The results indicate that the disc-shaped steel plate has a critical buckling height of 2.59 mm. Below this value

the restoring force increases monotonically with the deformation

while a negative stiffness occurs above this value. The axial bearing process of multiple friction pairs exhibits distinct stage characteristics. The position characteristics of steel plates with different buckling heights have little effect on the axial bearing characteristics

but the steel plates exceeding the critical value will accelerate wear and lead to functional failure.

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