双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸的冲击波载荷分布与演化机制

成乐乐; 周强; 武海军; 乔金超; 邓希旻; 杨帅; 梁增友

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0785

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双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸的冲击波载荷分布与演化机制

更新时间：2026-06-16

- 双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸的冲击波载荷分布与演化机制
- Distribution and Evolution Mechanism of Shock Wave Loads from Underwater Simultaneous Explosion of Double Cylindrical Charges
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第5期页码：250785
- 作者机构：
  
  中北大学机电工程学院，山西太原 030051
  中国兵器科学研究院，北京 100089
  北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室，北京 10008l
  中国船舶集团有限公司第七一〇研究所，湖北武汉 430200
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：lelech@nuc.edu.cn
  通信作者邮箱：qiaojinchao819@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助(2024M764116);爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室自主研究课题青年基金项目(QNKT25-13)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0785
  中图分类号： TJ410.3
- 收稿：2025-09-01，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-13，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05
- 稿件说明：
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成乐乐, 周强, 武海军, 等. 双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸的冲击波载荷分布与演化机制[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(5):250785.

CHENG Lele, ZHOU Qiang, WU Haijun, et al. Distribution and Evolution Mechanism of Shock Wave Loads from Underwater Simultaneous Explosion of Double Cylindrical Charges[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(5): 250785.
成乐乐, 周强, 武海军, 等. 双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸的冲击波载荷分布与演化机制[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(5):250785. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0785.

CHENG Lele, ZHOU Qiang, WU Haijun, et al. Distribution and Evolution Mechanism of Shock Wave Loads from Underwater Simultaneous Explosion of Double Cylindrical Charges[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(5): 250785. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0785.

摘要

旨在探究双圆柱形装药水下同步爆炸冲击波载荷的分布特性与演化规律，为水中弹药协同打击模式以及战斗部构型提供理论依据与设计基础。通过水下爆炸试验并结合数值模拟方法，系统考察了双装药间距、方位角及长径比等参数对冲击波载荷的时空演化与分布影响。研究结果表明，双装药爆炸冲击波在对称面发生同步耦合显著提升了峰值压力，侧向区域出现的冲击波时序耦合呈现出二次压力峰值。数值模拟进一步揭示了装药间距与长径比对载荷分布的影响规律与机制：双冲击波交汇碰撞过程可分为入射波交汇、反射稀疏波形成及稀疏波再交汇三阶段；装药间距增大会降低冲击波在对称面的耦合压力，扩大压力和冲量的径向分布范围；长径比增大会影响耦合压力的轴向分布范围，促使压力更趋向于前侧分布，对冲量分布的影响相对较小；合适的双装药间距、长径比能够调控优化载荷的空间分布范围，有利于提升对目标结构的破坏威力。研究结果可为水下武器战斗部设计与毁伤效能评估提供理论支持与工程应用参考。

Abstract

The distribution characteristics and evolution mechanisms of shock wave loads generated by the synchronous underwater explosion of double cylindrical charges are studied to provide a theoretical basis and design foundation for collaborative ammunition strike modes and warhead configuration. The effects of parameters such as charge spacing，azimuth angle，and length-to-diameter ratio on the spatiotemporal evolution and distribution of shock waves are systematically investigated through underwater explosion experiment and numerical simulation，. The results indicate that the shock waves generated by the explosion of double cylindrical charges undergo a synchronous superposition on the symmetry plane to significantly enhance the peak pressure，and a secondary pressure peak appears in lateral region due to sequential wave coupling. The influence mechanisms of charge spacing and length-to-diameter ratio on load distribution are further revealed through numerical simulation：the interaction process of double shock waves can be divided into three stages—the convergence of incident waves，the formation of reflected rarefaction waves，and the re-convergence of rarefaction waves. An increase in charge spacing reduces the superimposed pressure on the symmetry plane，but expands the radial distribution ranges of both pressure and impulse. A larger length-to-diameter ratio affects the axial distribution of coupled pressure，leading to a more forward-concentrated pressure profile，while its effect on impulse distribution is relatively minor. Appropriate charge spacing and length-to-diameter ratio can optimally regulate the spatial distribution range of loads to enhance the destructive power against target structures. The findings provide the theoretical support and engineering references for the design of underwater explosion warheads and the damage effect assessment.

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