基于协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯冲击波防护性能

高亚茹; 徐文龙; 王成; 刘传艺

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0149

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基于协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯冲击波防护性能

更新时间：2026-04-24

- 基于协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯冲击波防护性能
- Research on Synergistic Shape Memory Pre-stressed Polyurethane for Shock Wave Protection
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第2期页码：250149
- 作者机构：
  
  山东大学高等技术研究院，山东济南 250061
  北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室，北京 100081
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：xuwenlong@sdu.edu.cn
  通信作者邮箱：wangcheng@bit.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(12372336;12221002);瞬态冲击全国重点实验室基金项目(6142606241204);爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室开放课题项目(KFJJ23-17M)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0149
  中图分类号： O389
- 收稿：2025-03-06，
  
  网络首发：2025-12-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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高亚茹, 徐文龙, 王成, 等. 基于协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯冲击波防护性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):250149.

GAO Yaru, XU Wenlong, WANG Cheng, et al. Research on Synergistic Shape Memory Pre-stressed Polyurethane for Shock Wave Protection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 250149.
高亚茹, 徐文龙, 王成, 等. 基于协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯冲击波防护性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):250149. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0149.

GAO Yaru, XU Wenlong, WANG Cheng, et al. Research on Synergistic Shape Memory Pre-stressed Polyurethane for Shock Wave Protection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 250149. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0149.

摘要

针对爆炸冲击波高效防护需求，设计一种协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯防护结构，通过形状记忆材料的形状可编程性在聚氨酯中存储预应力抵消冲击波载荷，从而增强材料的冲击波衰减能力。对形状记忆聚合物进行了差示

扫描量热（DSC）测试和形状记忆性能测试，确定材料的玻璃化转化温度以及形状记忆特性。随后制备了3种压缩量（0%、8%、16%）的协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯结构，并用4种含量的SiO

纳米粒子（0%、1%、2%、3%）进行改性。最后利用多功能冲击炮进行冲击波防护性能测试，揭示压缩量和纳米粒子含量对结构冲击波衰减性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：施加预应力后，冲击波峰值压力衰减效果得到增强，并且随着压缩量的增加而上升，最高衰减比例可达71.89% ；SiO

纳米粒子的加入也可以增强协同形状记忆预应力聚氨酯防护结构的冲击波衰减效果，峰值压力最大衰减比例为27.36%，峰值加速度最大衰减51.23% 。

Abstract

In response to the need for efficient protection against blast shockwaves

a synergistic shape memory pre-stressed polyurethane protective structure is designed to enhance the shockwave mitigation capability of the material by storing prestresses in the polyurethane to counteract the shockwave loads through the shape-programmable nature of shape memory material. The shape memory polymers are subjected to differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test and shape memory performance test to determine the glass transition temperature and shape memory properties of the material. Subsequently

the synergistic shape memory pre-stressed polyurethane structures with three levels of compression(0%

and 16%)are prepared and modified with four contents of SiO

nanoparticles(0%

and 3%). Finally

the shockwave protection performance is tested using a multifunctional shock cannon

revealing the influence laws of compression and nanoparticle content on the shockwave attenuation performance of the structure. The results show that the peak pressure attenuation effect of the shock wave is enhanced by applying prestress and rises with the increase of compression

and the maximum attenuation ratio can reach 71.89%. The addition of SiO

nanoparticles also enhances the shock wave attenuation effect of synergistic shape memory pre-stressed polyurethane protective structure

with the maximum attenuation ratio of peak pressure being 27.36%

and the maximum attenuation of peak acceleration being 51.23%.

关键词

Keywords

references

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